Chemistry 1: Chapter 5

States that it is impossible to know both the velocity and the position of a particle at the same time. A. Heisenberg uncertainty principle B. Schrodinger wave equation C. quantum mechanical model of the atom D. atomic orbital

A. Heisenberg uncertainty principle

What is germanium's atomic number? How many electrons does germanium have?

32 32

The electron configuration for bromine is: A. [Ar] 4s2 3d10 4p5 B. [Kr] 4s2 3d10 4p5 C. [Ar] 4s2 4p5 D. [Se] 4p1

A. [Ar] 4s2 3d10 4p5

In an atom that has an electron configuration of 1s2 2s2 2p3, what is the total number of electrons in its sublevel of highest energy?

A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4

How many electrons can be in a 3d sublevel? A. 10 B. 5 C. 2 D. 0

A. 10

Which neutral atom has six 3d electrons? A. Fe B. Co C. Ru D. Rh

A. Fe

The element whose electron configuration is 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p2 is: A. Ge B. Ga C. Si D. Al

A. Ge

When an electron in an atom absorbs energy, it A. moves to a higher energy level B. emits light C. moves to its ground state D. none of the above

A. moves to a higher energy level

Which electrons are represented by the dots in an electron-dot structure? A. valence electrons B. inner-level electrons C. only s electrons D. both a and c

A. valence electrons

Compare the wavelengths and frequencies of each kind of wave. What is the relationship between frequency and wavelength?

As the wavelength gets bigger, the frequency goes down. As the wavelength gets smaller, the frequency goes up.

The _____ _____ states that each electron occupies the lowest energy orbital available.

Aufbau principle

What element has a single electron in 7s?

Fr

_____ is the number of waves that pass a given point in one second.

Frequency

What element contains three unpaired electrons in its third energy level?

P

an atomic orbital can hold no more than two electrons, and they must be of opposite spin

Pauli Exclusion Principle

What element has an element configuration = 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p4?

S

What element contains one 3d electron?

Sc

Identify the element, if the configuration shows the atom in an excited state, write the ground configuration: 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p4

Se

Identify the element, if the configuration shows the atom in an excited state, write the ground configuration: 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p2

Si

What element contains only two electrons in its fifth energy level?

Sr

How do the Bohr model and the quantum mechanical model of the atom differ in how they describe electrons?

The quantum mechanical model is where electrons are treated as waves. Bohr's model attempts to describe the electron's path around the nucleus.

Write the ground-state electron configuration of a germanium atom, using noble gas notation.

[Ar] 4s2 3d10 4p2

Using noble gas shorthand, write the electron configuration of astatine (At).

[Xe] 6s2 4f14 5d10 6p5

Electrons in an atom tend to assume the arrangement that gives the atom the _____ possible energy.

lowest

A principle energy has (n, n^2) energy sublevels.

n

Hydrogen's principal energy level 3 consists of (nine, three) orbitals

nine

frequency

number of wavelengths per second

region where an electron resides in an atom

orbital

tiny packet of energy

photon

Which waves can be seen by the eye?

visible light

The shortest distance between equivalent points on a continuous wave is called a(n) _____.

wavelength

distance between two waves

wavelength

What is the maximum number of electrons that can be in the third principle energy level?

18

What is the electron configuration for Al?

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p1

What is the electron configuration for Sn?

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p2

What is the electron configuration for Fe?

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d6

The _____ _____ _____ states that a maximum of two electrons may occupy a single atomic orbital, but only if the electrons have opposite _____.

Puali exclusion principle spins

Which of the following has the highest ionization energy? A. K B. Ge C. Si D. O

D. O

Which of the following is the smallest atom? A. K B. Ge C. Si D. O

D. O

Which of the following groups of atoms have the same outermost electron configurations but have different n values? A. N, O, F, Ne B. S, Cl, Ar, K C. Ca, Ge, Sr, In D. O, S, Se, Te

D. O, S, Se, Te

A three-dimensional region around the nucleus representing the probability of finding an electron A. Heisenberg uncertainty principle B. Schrodinger wave equation C. quantum mechanical model of the atom D. atomic orbital

D. atomic orbital

_____ is one type of electromagnetic radiation.

Light

What element contains a full second energy level as its valence shell?

Ne

If you looked closely, could you see the wavelength of a fast-moving car? Explain your answer.

No because it has a large mass

Identify the element, if the configuration shows the atom in an excited state, write the ground configuration: 1s2 2s2 2p3 3p1

O 1s2 2s2 2p4

inner electrons of an atom

core electrons

Hydrogen's principal energy level 2 consists of (2s and 3s, 2s and 2p) orbitals

2s and 2p

Which is the correct number of valence electrons in the element Sulfur (S)? A. 16 B. 6 C. 2 D. 3

B. 6

Which element has the configuration for the element 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s1 3d5 A. Titanium (Ti) B. Chromium (Cr) C. Sulfur (S) D. Selenium (Se)

B. Chromium (Cr)

Originally applied to the hydrogen atom, it led to the quantum mechanical model of the atom A. Heisenberg uncertainty principle B. Schrodinger wave equation C. quantum mechanical model of the atom D. atomic orbital

B. Schrodinger wave equation

In an electron-dot structure, the element's symbol represents the A. nucleus of the noble gas closest to the atom in the periodic table B. atom's nucleus and inner-level electrons. C. atom's valence electrons D. electrons of the noble gas closest to the atom in the periodic table.

B. atom's nucleus and inner-level electrons.

As the wavelength of light increases, its frequency A. increases B. decreases C. does not change D. oscillates

B. decreases

The configuration for the outermost level in Al is A. 2s2 2p1 B. 3s2 3p6 C. 3s2 3p1 D. 4s2 4p1

C. 3s2 3p1

Which one of the following elements has five valence electrons? A. B B. C C. N D. F

C. N

A(n) _____ is the minimum amount of energy that can be lost or gained by an atom. A. valence electrons B. electron C. quantum D. Planck's constant

C. quantum

The modern model of the atom that treats electrons as waves A. Heisenberg uncertainty principle B. Schrodinger wave equation C. quantum mechanical model of the atom D. atomic orbital

C. quantum mechanical model of the atom

The electrons in an atom's outermost orbitals are called A. electron dots. B. quantum electrons C. valence electrons D. noble-gas electrons

C. valence electrons

What element contains seven electrons in its 3d orbitals?

Co

Which is the correct electron configuration for the element Molybdenum (Mo)? A. 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d4 B. 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 C. 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 4d10 4p6 5s2 5d4 D. 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d4

D. 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d4

Which is the correct number of valence electrons in the element Gallium (Ga)? A. 13 B. 31 C. 1 D. 3

D. 3

Which one of these elements has 5 valence electrons? A. Boron (B) B. Rubidium (Rb) C. Vanadium (V) D. Arsenic (As)

D. Arsenic (As)

_____ _____ states that single electrons with the same spin must occupy each equal-energy orbital before additional electrons with opposite spins occupy the same orbitals.

Hund's rule

The height of a wave from the origin to a crest or from the origin to a trough is the _____.

amplitude

Bohr's atomic model failed to explain the _____ _____ _____ of elements other than hydrogen.

atomic emission spectrum

Atomic orbitals (do, do not) have an exactly defined size

do not

The arrangement of electrons in an atom is called the atom's _____ _____.

electron configuration

The maximum number of (electrons, orbitals) related to each principal energy level equals 2n^2

electrons

Bohr proposed that when energy is added to a hydrogen atom, its _____ moves to a higher-energy orbit.

energy

Electromagnetic radiation is a kind of _____ that behaves like a _____ as it travels through space.

energy wave

contains an electron with excess energy

excited state

True or False: As the amount of energy carried by a wave decreases, its wavelength increases

false

True or False: In the visible light spectrum, red light has a greater frequency than violet light

false

True or False: Like the visible spectrum, an atomic emission spectrum is a continuous range of colors

false

True or False: The neon atoms in a neon sign emit their characteristic color in light as they absorb energy.

false

True or False: [Kr] 5s2 4d10 5p5 is the correct electron configuration for the element Bromine

false

Bohr's model of the atom predicted the _____ of the lines in hydrogen's atomic emission spectrum.

frequencies

the number of waves that pass a given point per unit of time

frequency

The lowest allowable energy state of an atom is called its _____ _____.

ground state

lowest possible energy state for an atom

ground state

The SI unit for frequency is the _____, which is equivalent to one wave per second.

hertz

According to Bohr's atomic model, the larger an electron's orbit, the _____ the atom's energy level.

higher

energy required to remove an electron from an atom in the gas phase

ionization energy

According to Bohr's atomic model, the smaller an electron's orbit, the _____ the atom's energy level

lower

All waves can be characterized by their wavelength, amplitude, frequency, and _____.

speed

All s orbitals are (spherically shaped, dumbbell shaped).

spherically shaped

This arrangement of electrons is the most _____ arrangement and is called the atom's _____-_____ _____ _____

stable ground-state electron configuration

There are (three, five) equal energy p orbitals.

three

True or False: A flame test can be used to identify the presence of certain elements in a compound

true

True or False: An electron can be identified by the characteristic bright-line atomic emission spectrum it can produce.

true

True or False: Atomic emission spectra can be explained by the wave model of light

true

True or False: Each element has a unique atomic emission spectrum.

true

True or False: Energy is found only in specific discrete amounts, called quanta

true

True or False: The fact that only certain colors appear in an element's atomic emission spectrum indicates that only certain frequencies of light are emitted.

true

True or False: The maximum number of allowed valence electrons in any atom is 8

true

True or False: Valence refers to the total number of electrons that exist in the orbitals that occupy the outermost energy level of an atom

true

True or False: When an atom emits light, photons having certain specific energies are being emitted.

true

True or False: Although the precise location of an electron cannot be determined, it is possible to determine the probability that an electron will occupy a certain region around the nucleus.

true

Each orbital may contain at most (two, four) electrons.

two

electrons in outermost (highest) occupied principal energy level

valence electrons

Sequence the different segments of the visible spectrum in order from shortest wavelengths to longest wavelengths

violet, indigo, blue, green, yellow, orange, red