Chemistry 200 Questions Study Guide

On the Kelvin scale, the lowest possible temperature has a value of a) 32 K. b) 0 K. c) 273 K. d) -273 K.

0 K.

The density of pure diamond is 3.5 g/cm3. The mass of a diamond is 0.25 g. Find its volume. a) 3.5 cm3 b) 0.875 cm3 c) 14 cm3 d) 0.071 cm3

0.071 cm3

Oxidation state of Hg atom in: Hg2Cl2

1

Which coefficients correctly balance the formula equation NH4NO2(s) --> N2(g) + H2O(l)? a) 1, 1, 2 b) 2, 2, 2 c) 1, 2, 2 d) 2, 1, 1

1, 1, 2

How many electrons are needed to completely fill the fourth energy level? a) 50 b) 8 c) 32 d) 18

32

Nitrogen's electron configuration is 1s2 2s2 2p3. To what group does nitrogen belong? a) Group 2 b) Group 7 c) Group 3 d) Group 5

Group 5

What are the oxidation numbers in the compound H3PO4? a) H = -1, P = +7, O = -1 b) H = +1, P = +1, O = -1 c) H = +1, P = +5, O = -2 d) H = +1, P = 0, O = -2

H = +1, P = +5, O = -2

In writing an equation that produces hydrogen gas, the correct representation of hydrogen gas is a) H. b) OH. c) 2H. d) H2.

H2.

In which of these compounds is the bond between the atoms NOT a nonpolar covalent bond? a) H2 b) O2 c) HCl d) Cl2

HCl

What is the formula of hydrochloric acid? a) HCl b) H2(ClO)2 c) H2Cl2 d) HOCl

HCl

Which of the following rules requires that each of the p orbitals at a particular energy level receive one electron before any of them can have two electrons? a) the Aufbau principle b) the Pauli exclusion principle c) Hund's rule d) the quantum rule

Hund's rule

According to Dalton's atomic theory, atoms a) are destroyed in chemical reactions. b) of different elements cannot combine. c) of each element are identical in size, mass, and other properties. d) can be divided.

I DONT KNOW IM SORRY

What is the SI scale for temperature? a) Fahrenheit scale b) Celsius scale c) Rankine scale d) Kelvin scale

Kelvin scale

Who first proposed the idea of quanta? a) Heisenberg b) Einstein c) Planck d) Bohr

Planck

What is the balanced equation for the combustion of sulfur? a) S(s) + 2O2(g) --> SO42-(aq) b) S(s) + O2(g) --> SO2(g) c) S(s) + O2(g) --> SO(g) d) 2S(s) + 3O2(g) --> SO3(g)

S(s) + O2(g) --> SO2(g)

The element with electron configuration 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p2 is a) Mg (Z = 12) b) Si (Z = 14). c) S (Z = 16). d) C (Z = 6).

Si (Z = 14).

In a balanced redox equation, how does the total charge of reactants compare with the total charge of products? a) The two totals are always equal. b) No relationship exists between the two totals. c) Total reactant charge is always greater. d) Total product charge is always greater.

The two totals are always equal.

Which of the following processes always decreases the number of protons by an even number? a) alpha decay b) beta decay c) fusion d) fission

alpha decay

Which of the following is not one of the three fundamental particles that makeup atoms? a) alpha particle b) proton c) neutron d) electron

alpha particle

Oxidation and reduction a) do not occur in the same reaction. b) always occur at different times. c) always occur simultaneously. d) always occur with oxidation first, then reduction.

always occur simultaneously.

Quantum numbers are sets of numbers that describe the properties of a) atoms. b) atomic orbitals. c) the atomic nucleus. d) molecules.

atomic orbitals.

Because most particles fired at metal foil passed straight through, Rutherford concluded that a) atoms contained no charged particles b) atoms were indivisible. c) electrons formed the nucleus. d) atoms were mostly empty space.

atoms were mostly empty space.

All of the following describe the Heisenberg uncertainly principle EXCEPT a) it states that it is impossible to determine simultaneously both the position and velocity of an electron or any other particle. b) it is one of the fundamental principles of our present understanding of light and matter. c) it helps to locate an electron in an atom. d) it helped lay the foundation for the modern quantum theory.

c) it helps to locate an electron in an atom.

The scientist who first proposed the idea of matter waves was a) de Broglie. b) Heisenberg c) Bohr. d) Einstein

de Broglie.

Another name for an oxidation-reduction reaction is a(n) a) decomposition reaction. b) electrochemical reaction. c) double-replacement reaction. d) redox reaction.

redox reaction.

Resonance structures are also called a) resonance hybrids. b) Lewis structures. c) molecular structures. d) dichotomous structures.

resonance hybrids.

The alkali metals belong to the ____-block in the periodic table. a) p b) d c) s d) f

s

The alkali metals belong to the ____-block in the periodic table. a) p b) s c) d d) f

s

The letter designations for the first four sublevels with the number of electrons that can be accommodated in each sublevel are a) s:1, p:3, d:5, and f:7. b) s:1, p:3, d:10, and f:14. c) s:1, p:2, d:3, and f:4. d) s:2, p:6, d:10, and f:14.

s:2, p:6, d:10, and f:14.

The lanthanides series of elements are known as the Rare Earth metals. All are more abundant naturally in the Earth's Crust than a) barium b) silver c) uranium d) potassium

silver

Orbitals that result from a mixture of an s orbital and two p orbitals are called a) sp2 orbitals b) 2sp orbitals. c) sp orbitals. d) s2p orbitals.

sp2 orbitals

Which hybrid orbitals help explain how methane bonds? a) sp3 orbitals b) pd3 orbitals c) df3 orbitals d) sp orbitals

sp3 orbitals

The hybrid orbitals in SF6 are a) 3sp orbitals. b) s2p4 orbitals c) sp3 orbitals. d) sp3d2 orbitals.

sp3d2 orbitals.

In what kind of reaction do two or more substances combine to form a new compound? a) ionic reaction b) decomposition reaction c) double-replacement reaction d) synthesis reaction

synthesis reaction

The major difference between a 1s orbital and a 2s orbital is that a) the 2s orbital has a slightly different shape. b) the 2s orbital can hold more electrons. c) the 2s orbital is at a higher energy level. d) the 1s orbital can have only one electron.

the 2s orbital is at a higher energy level.

All of the following statements are correct EXCEPT a) according to the Bohr model of the atom, the single electron of a hydrogen atom circles the nucleus in specific, allowed orbits. b) the quantum model uses probability to locate the electron within the atom. c) the Bohr model of the atom explains the reactivity of hydrogen. d) the orbitals of the quantum model of the atom were suggested by descriptions of electrons as waves.

the Bohr model of the atom explains the reactivity of hydrogen.

Two electrons in the 1s orbital must have different spin quantum numbers to satisfy a) Hund's rule. b) the Pauli exclusion principle. c) the Aufbau principle. d) the magnetic rule.

the Pauli exclusion principle.

To use the crisscross method of writing the formula of an ionic compound, write the numerical charge of a) each ion as its own subscript. b) the anion as the subscript of the cation. c) the cation as the subscript of the cation. d) each ion as its own superscript.

the anion as the subscript of the cation.

What are the elements with atomic numbers from 58 to 71 in the periodic table called? a) the noble gases b) the actinide elements c) the alkali metals d) the lanthanide elements

the lanthanide elements

A chemical reaction has NOT occurred if the products have a) less total bond energy than the reactants. b) more total bond energy than the reactants. c) the same mass as the reactants. d) the same chemical properties as the reactants.

the same chemical properties as the reactants.

Dissolved phosphate acids and salts are used in animal metabolism a) to provide immunity to coronavirus infections b) as a catalyst for peptide synthesis c) to prevent large changes in fluid acidity and alkalinity d) as a pigment for certain cells

to prevent large changes in fluid acidity and alkalinity

Alchemists through the centuries were men who did NOT a) transmute elements into other elements b) have the ability to read and write c) earn a living as physicians d) make significant progress in medicine, ceramics, and metallurgy

transmute elements into other elements

How many electrons can occupy the s orbitals at each energy level? a) two, if they have opposite spins b) no more than eight c) two, if they have the same spin d) one

two, if they have opposite spins

The electrons involved in the formation of a chemical bond are called a) Lewis electrons. b) s electrons. c) valence electrons. d) dipoles.

valence electrons.

The Law of Definite Proportions, or Constant Composition a) assumes that atoms of all elements are identical. b) replaced the law of conservation of mass. c) was explained by Dalton's atomic theory. d) contradicted Dalton's atomic theory.

was explained by Dalton's atomic theory.

Compared with molecular bonds, the strength of intermolecular forces is a) about the same. b) too variable to compare. c) weaker. d) stronger.

weaker.

Round 1.245633501 x 108 to four significant figures. a) 1.2456 x 108 b) 1.246 x 108 c) 1.246 x 104 d) 1246

1.246 x 108

1.06 L of water is equivalent to a) 10.6 mL. b) 0.001 06 mL c) 106 mL. d) 1060 mL.

1060 mL.

The result of dividing 10^-8 by 10^4 is a) 10^4 b) 10^-12 c) 10^12 d) 10^-4

10^-12

Using a metric ruler with 1 mm divisions, you find the sides of a rectangular piece of plywood are 3.54 cm and 4.85 cm. You calculate that the area is 17.1690 cm2. To the correct number of significant figures, the result should be expressed as a) 17.2 cm2 b) 17.17 cm2 c) 17.1 cm2 d) 17.169 cm2

17.2 cm2

In a carbon dioxide molecule, the bond angle is a) 120° b) 105 c) 109.5° d) 180°

180°

Oxidation state of Zn atom in: ZnCl2

2

When 1.92 x 10-6 kg is divided by 6.8 x 102 mL, the quotient in kg/mL equals a) 2.8 ´x10-8 b) 2.8 x 10-4 c) 2.8 x 10-9 d) 2.8 x 10-5

2.8 ´x10-8

What is the balanced equation when aluminum reacts with copper(II) sulfate? a) 2Al + 3CuSO4 --> Al2(SO4)3 + 3Cu b) Al + Cu2S --> Al2S + Cu c) Al + CuSO4 --> AlSO4 + Cu d) 2Al + Cu2SO4 --> Al2SO4 + 2Cu

2Al + 3CuSO4 --> Al2(SO4)3 + 3Cu

One inch is defined as 2.54 centimeters. How many millimeters are in 16.25 inches? a) 412 b) 413 c) 412.75 d) 412.8

412.8

Written in scientific notation, the measurement 0.000065 cm is a) 6.5 x 10-6 cm b) 65 x 10-4 cm c) 6.5 x 10-4 cm d) 6.5 x 10-5 cm

6.5 x 10-5 cm

One ounce has a mass of 28.34952 grams. One mole of gold has a mass of 196.97 grams. How many moles are in a one ounce gold coin? a) 0.14393 mole b) 6.9480 mole c) 6.948 mole d) 0.1439 mole

6.9480 mole

If the s and p sublevels of the highest main energy level of an atom are filled, how many electrons are in the main energy level? a) 2 b) 16 c) 32 d) 8

8

The Lewis structure for the ammonium ion has a) 12 valence electrons. b) 8 valence electrons. c) 4 valence electrons. d) 2 valence electrons.

8 valence electrons.

The symbol 19F indicates a fluorine atom that contains a) 9 protons and 10 neutrons b) 9 protons and 19 neutrons c) 9 protons and 10 electrons. d) 19 protons and 9 neutrons

9 protons and 10 neutrons

If 1 inch equals 2.54 cm, how many centimeters equal 1 yard? a) 14.17 cm b) 36 cm c) 0.0700 cm d) 91.4 cm

91.4 cm

Which of the following statements is true? a) Atoms can never combine with any other atoms. b) Matter is composed of large particles called atoms. c) Atoms may be divided in ordinary chemical reactions. d) Atoms of the same element may have different masses.

Atoms of the same element may have different masses.

Determine the formula of the compound formed between calcium and sulfate ions. a) CaSO4 b) Ca2S2 c) Ca2(SO4)2 d) CaS

CaSO4

Which temperature scales have units of equal size? a) Fahrenheit and Celsius b) Celsius and Rankine c) Kelvin and Fahrenheit d) Celsius and Kelvin

Celsius and Kelvin

The scientist who measured the charge of the electron was a) Millikan. b) Faraday. c) Rutherford. d) Thomson.

Millikan.

In a balanced redox equation, how does the total number of reactant molecules compare with the total number of product molecules? a) Product molecules are always more numerous. b) The two numbers are always equal. c) No relationship exists between the two numbers. d) Reactant molecules are always more numerous.

No relationship exists between the two numbers.

How would oxygen be represented in the formula equation for the reaction of methane and oxygen to yield carbon dioxide and water? a) O2 b) O3 c) O d) oxygen

O2

The electron configuration of sodium Na is a) [Ne] 3p1 b) [He] sp63s1 c) [Ne] 3s1 d) [Ar] 3s1

[Ne] 3s1

The electron notation for chlorine (atomic number 17) is a) [Ne]3s1 3p6. b) [Ar] 3s2 3p5 c) [Mg] 3p5. d) [Ne]3s2 3p5.

[Ne]3s2 3p5.

Rutherford's experimental results led him to conclude that atoms contain massive central regions that have a) a negative charge. b) both protons and electrons. c) no charge. d) a positive charge.

a positive charge.

A solid produced by a chemical reaction in solution that separates from the solution is called a) a reactant. b) the mass of the product. c) a molecule. d) a precipitate.

a precipitate.

When a covalent bond forms, as the distance between two atoms decreases, the potential energy a) remains constant. b) increases. c) becomes zero. d) decreases.

decreases.

The strong forces of attraction between the positive and negative regions of molecules are called a) lattice forces. b) dipole-dipole forces. c) orbital forces. d) London forces.

dipole-dipole forces.

Gamma rays are a) helium nuclei. b) electromagnetic waves. c) electrons. d) neutrons.

electromagnetic waves.

A cathode ray consists of a) neutrons b) gamma rays c) protons. d) electrons

electrons

A covalent bond results when ____ are shared. a) electrons b) ions c) Lewis structures d) dipoles

electrons

A chemical bond results from the mutual attraction of the nuclei of atoms and a) protons b) electrons. c) neutrons. d) dipoles.

electrons.

The change of an atom from an excited state to the ground state always requires a) release of visible light. b) emission of electromagnetic radiation. c) absorption of energy. d) an increase in electron energy.

emission of electromagnetic radiation.

For an electron in an atom to change from the ground state to an excited state, a) the electron must make a transition from a higher to a lower energy level. b) energy must be absorbed. c) radiation must be emitted. d) energy must be released.

energy must be absorbed.

Avogadro's number a) equals 6.022 x 1023. b) depends on the number of moles. c) equals 1. d) depends on the substance.

equals 6.022 x 1023.

Group 1 metals react with water to produce metal hydroxides and a) hydrochloric acid. b) hydrogen. c) oxygen. d) metal hydroxides.

hydrogen.

Knowledge about what products are produced in a chemical reaction is obtained by a) writing a word equation. b) inspecting the chemical equation. c) laboratory analysis. d) balancing the chemical equation.

laboratory analysis.

The energy released when 1 mol of an ionic crystalline compound is formed from gaseous ions is called the a) potential energy. b) energy of crystallization. c) bond energy. d) lattice energy.

lattice energy.

The Bohr model of the atom was an attempt to explain hydrogen's a) mass. b) line-emission spectrum. c) flammability. d) density.

line-emission spectrum.

What shape does a carbon disulfide CS2 molecule have? a) linear b) bent c) pyramidal d) trigonal planar

linear

The average atomic mass of an element a) is the mass of the most abundant isotope. b) may not equal the mass of any of its isotopes. c) always adds up to 100. d) cannot be calculated.

may not equal the mass of any of its isotopes.

The symbols for units of length in order from smallest to largest are a) m, cm, mm, km. b) mm, m, cm, km. c) mm, cm, m, km. d) km, mm, cm, m.

mm, cm, m, km.

The actual number of atoms of each element in a molecular compound is given by the a) molar mass. b) empirical formula. c) formula mass. d) molecular formula.

molecular formula.

The only metal in the fifth period known to be essential to life is a) silver b) molybdenum c) xenon d) tellurium

molybdenum

Democritus reasoned all that matter must be made of atoms because a) motion requires empty space between particles of matter b) there is a limit to how cold matter can get c) the four elements theory did not account for the number of known elemental substances d) atoms are indestructible

motion requires empty space between particles of matter

A molecule is a a) negatively charged group of atoms held together by covalent bonds. b) positively charged group of atoms held together by covalent bonds. c) neutral group of atoms held together by ionic bonds. d) neutral group of atoms held together by covalent bonds.

neutral group of atoms held together by covalent bonds.

In a tetrahedral molecule, how many unshared pairs of valence electrons does the central atom have? a) one b) none c) three d) two

none

How would you describe a molecule of carbon tetrafluoride CF4? a) polar, with polar bonds b) nonpolar, with nonpolar bonds c) nonpolar, with polar bonds d) polar, with nonpolar bonds

nonpolar, with polar bonds

Long term sources of heat energy input to the Earth include solar radiation and a) nuclear fusion of iron to produce higher mass elements b) nuclear decay of long lived isotopes in the core c) combustion of coal in deep mines d) friction with particles from space as the Earth orbits the Sun

nuclear decay of long lived isotopes in the core

The forces that hold the particles in the nucleus together are called a) electron clouds. b) gravitational forces. c) magnetic forces. d) nuclear forces.

nuclear forces.

Use VSEPR theory to predict the shape of the sulfur hexafluoride, SF6. a) trigonal planar b) bent c) trigonal pyramidal d) octahedral

octahedral

If, after drawing a Lewis structure, too many valence electrons have been used, the molecule probably contains a) too many unshared pairs of electrons. b) one or more multiple covalent bonds. c) too many atoms. d) an ionic bond.

one or more multiple covalent bonds.

Dipoles are a) nonpolar bonds. b) polar bonds. c) polar molecules. d) nonpolar molecules.

polar molecules.

If some measurements agree closely but differ widely from the actual value, these measurements are a) accurate, but not precise. b) neither precise nor accurate. c) precise, but not accurate. d) acceptable as a new standard of accuracy.

precise, but not accurate.

Max Planck proposed that a hot object radiated energy in small, specific amounts called a) hertz b) electrons. c) waves d) quanta.

quanta.