Chemistry Chapter 20 Vocab

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no such relationship always exists between the two numbers

In a balanced, redox equation, how does the total number of reactant molecules compare to the total number of product molecules?

Na+ only

In the reaction Na+ + Br- --> NaBr, which species is being reduced?

electrolyzed

In the reaction O2 + 4e- --> 2O3-, O2 is being ___

fluorine

The most active oxidizing agent among the elements is ___

lithium

The most active reducing agent among the elements is ___

+1

The oxidation number of hydrogen in a compound is usually equal to ___

electrolysis

The process of decomposing a chemical compound by the passage of an electric current.

correctly balanced for numbers of atoms, but not for charge

The redox equation Cu2+ + 2Fe --> Cu + 2Fe2+ is ___

2,5,6,5,2,8

Using the oxidation-number method to balance the redox equation MnO4- + H2S + H+ --> S + Mn2+ + H2O, the final coeffidients, in order from left to right, should be ___

2,16,2,2,5,8

Using the oxidation-number method to balance the redox equation NaMnO4 + HBr --> NaBr + MnBr2 + Br2 + H2O, the final coeffidients, in order from left to right, should be ___

K=+1 Cl=-1

What are the oxidation numbers in the compound KCl

H2SO4

Which of the following products could be made from SO3 through an oxidation-reduction reaction?

electrode

a conductor used to make electrical contact with some part of a circuit

standard electrode potential

a half-cell potential measured relative to a potential of zero for the standard hydrogen electrode

reduced

a species that undergoes a change in oxidation state in a negative sense

electrochemical cell

a system of electrodes and electrolytes in which a spontaneous redox reaction is used as a source of electrical energy

half-cells

a voltaic cell consists of 2 portions each consisting of a metal electrode in contact with a solution of its ions

voltaic cell

an electrochemical cell in which a spontaneous chemical reaction causes a flow of electrons

half-reaction

an equation showing either the oxidation or the reduction that takes place in a redox reaction

redox reaction

any chemical lrocess in which elements undergo a change in oxidation number

oxidizing agent

attains a more negative oxidation state during a redox reaction

the more positive E' is, the more it will be reduced

describe the rate and direction at which a reaction takes place when E' is positive.

both a reducing and an oxidizing agent

during the process of auto-oxidation, one reactant acts as ___

NO3-

electrolysis solutions containing which of the following produces O2 at the anode?

the two numbers are always equal

in a balanced, redox equation, how does the total number of reactant atoms compare to the total number of product atoms

zinc occurs at the positive electrode

in a dry cell, oxidation of ___

2 lost

in a redox reaction in which CO is changed to CO2, how many electrons must be lost or gained by C?

write a skeleton equation with correct formulas

in the oxidation0number method for balancing redox equations, the first step is to ___

always occur simultaneously

oxidation and reduction ___

-2

oxidation state of O in Na2O

-1

oxidation state of O in Na2O2

0

oxidation state of O in O3

+2

oxidation state of O in OF2

O2^2-

peroxide ions have the formula ___

reduction process

reaction in which the atoms or ions of an element attain a more negative oxidation state

oxidation processes

reactions in which the atoms or ions of an element attain a more positive oxidation state

auto-oxidation

such a process, in which a substance acts as both an oxidizing and reducing agent and it's self-oxidizing and self-reducing

electrolyte cell

system of electrodes and electrolytes in which a current is used to drive a nonspontaneous redox reaction

is always zero

the algebraic sum of the oxidation numbers of the atoms in a compound ___

highly stable

the bond within a peroxide ion is ___

electrochemistry

the branch of chemistry that deals with the relationships between electricity and chemical reactions

anode

the electrode at which oxidation occurs

cathode

the electrode at which reduction occurs

electroplating

the fact makes possible an electrolytic process in which a medal is deposited on a surface

electrode potential

the potential different between an electrode and it's solution

not balanced for numbers of atoms or charge

the redox equation H2 + O2 --> 2H+ + O2- is ___

hydrogen electrode

the standard electrode that is assigned a potential of 0 volts is a ___

ion migration

the transfer of electric charge in the electrolyte between electrodes occurs by means of ___

3,8,3,2,4

using the oxidation-number method to balance the redox equation Cu + HNO3 --> Cu(NO3)2 + NO + H2O, the final coefficients, in order from left to right, should be ___

12 volts

what is the voltage of the standard automobile battery?

electrical energy is converted to chemical energy

when an automobile battery is being charged, ____

reduced only

when hydrogen peroxide decomposes, its oxygen is ___

285.9 kJ of energy is absorbed

when one mole of water is decomposed ___


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