Chemistry Chapter 20 Vocab
no such relationship always exists between the two numbers
In a balanced, redox equation, how does the total number of reactant molecules compare to the total number of product molecules?
Na+ only
In the reaction Na+ + Br- --> NaBr, which species is being reduced?
electrolyzed
In the reaction O2 + 4e- --> 2O3-, O2 is being ___
fluorine
The most active oxidizing agent among the elements is ___
lithium
The most active reducing agent among the elements is ___
+1
The oxidation number of hydrogen in a compound is usually equal to ___
electrolysis
The process of decomposing a chemical compound by the passage of an electric current.
correctly balanced for numbers of atoms, but not for charge
The redox equation Cu2+ + 2Fe --> Cu + 2Fe2+ is ___
2,5,6,5,2,8
Using the oxidation-number method to balance the redox equation MnO4- + H2S + H+ --> S + Mn2+ + H2O, the final coeffidients, in order from left to right, should be ___
2,16,2,2,5,8
Using the oxidation-number method to balance the redox equation NaMnO4 + HBr --> NaBr + MnBr2 + Br2 + H2O, the final coeffidients, in order from left to right, should be ___
K=+1 Cl=-1
What are the oxidation numbers in the compound KCl
H2SO4
Which of the following products could be made from SO3 through an oxidation-reduction reaction?
electrode
a conductor used to make electrical contact with some part of a circuit
standard electrode potential
a half-cell potential measured relative to a potential of zero for the standard hydrogen electrode
reduced
a species that undergoes a change in oxidation state in a negative sense
electrochemical cell
a system of electrodes and electrolytes in which a spontaneous redox reaction is used as a source of electrical energy
half-cells
a voltaic cell consists of 2 portions each consisting of a metal electrode in contact with a solution of its ions
voltaic cell
an electrochemical cell in which a spontaneous chemical reaction causes a flow of electrons
half-reaction
an equation showing either the oxidation or the reduction that takes place in a redox reaction
redox reaction
any chemical lrocess in which elements undergo a change in oxidation number
oxidizing agent
attains a more negative oxidation state during a redox reaction
the more positive E' is, the more it will be reduced
describe the rate and direction at which a reaction takes place when E' is positive.
both a reducing and an oxidizing agent
during the process of auto-oxidation, one reactant acts as ___
NO3-
electrolysis solutions containing which of the following produces O2 at the anode?
the two numbers are always equal
in a balanced, redox equation, how does the total number of reactant atoms compare to the total number of product atoms
zinc occurs at the positive electrode
in a dry cell, oxidation of ___
2 lost
in a redox reaction in which CO is changed to CO2, how many electrons must be lost or gained by C?
write a skeleton equation with correct formulas
in the oxidation0number method for balancing redox equations, the first step is to ___
always occur simultaneously
oxidation and reduction ___
-2
oxidation state of O in Na2O
-1
oxidation state of O in Na2O2
0
oxidation state of O in O3
+2
oxidation state of O in OF2
O2^2-
peroxide ions have the formula ___
reduction process
reaction in which the atoms or ions of an element attain a more negative oxidation state
oxidation processes
reactions in which the atoms or ions of an element attain a more positive oxidation state
auto-oxidation
such a process, in which a substance acts as both an oxidizing and reducing agent and it's self-oxidizing and self-reducing
electrolyte cell
system of electrodes and electrolytes in which a current is used to drive a nonspontaneous redox reaction
is always zero
the algebraic sum of the oxidation numbers of the atoms in a compound ___
highly stable
the bond within a peroxide ion is ___
electrochemistry
the branch of chemistry that deals with the relationships between electricity and chemical reactions
anode
the electrode at which oxidation occurs
cathode
the electrode at which reduction occurs
electroplating
the fact makes possible an electrolytic process in which a medal is deposited on a surface
electrode potential
the potential different between an electrode and it's solution
not balanced for numbers of atoms or charge
the redox equation H2 + O2 --> 2H+ + O2- is ___
hydrogen electrode
the standard electrode that is assigned a potential of 0 volts is a ___
ion migration
the transfer of electric charge in the electrolyte between electrodes occurs by means of ___
3,8,3,2,4
using the oxidation-number method to balance the redox equation Cu + HNO3 --> Cu(NO3)2 + NO + H2O, the final coefficients, in order from left to right, should be ___
12 volts
what is the voltage of the standard automobile battery?
electrical energy is converted to chemical energy
when an automobile battery is being charged, ____
reduced only
when hydrogen peroxide decomposes, its oxygen is ___
285.9 kJ of energy is absorbed
when one mole of water is decomposed ___
