Chemistry Chapter 5

Which element has the largest atomic radius 1. Al 2. Si 3. P 4. S 5. Cl

1. Al

Which element has the highest ionization energy? 1. B 2. Al 3. Ga 4. In 5. Tl

1. B

Which of the following elements has the smallest ionic radius? 1. Li 2. K 3. O 4. S

1. Li

Which of the following statements correctly compares the relative size of an ion to its neutral atom. 1. The radius of an anion is greater than the radius of its neutral atom 2. The radius of an anion is identical to the radius of its neutral atom 3. The radius of an cation is greater than the radius of its neutral atom 4. The radius of an cation is identical to the radius of its neutral atom

1. The radius of an anion is greater than the radius of its neutral atom

In which of the following groups of ions are the charges all shown correctly? 1. Li-, 02-, S2+ 2. Ca2+, Al3+, Br- 3. K2-, F-, Mg2+ 4. Na+, I-, Rb-

2. Ca2+, Al3+, Br-

Which of the following statements is true about ions? 1. Cations form when an atom gains electrons. 2. Cations form when an electron loses electrons. 3. Anions form when an atom gains protons. 4. Anions form when an atoms loses protons.

2. Cations form when an electron loses electrons.

In which of the following sets are the charges given correctly for all ions? 1. Na+, Mg+, Al+ 2. K+, Sr2+, 02- 3. Rb-, Ba2-, P3+ 4. N-, O2-, F3-

2. K+, Sr2+, 02-

Which of the following elements has the most negative electron affinity? 1. As 2. Al 3. K 4. Se 5. Sn

4. Se

Which element has the smallest radius? 1. Na 2. Mg 3. Al 4. Si 5. P

5. P

Which of the following groupings contains only representative elements? (See periodic table)

Al, Mg, Li

Which of the following factors contributes to the increase in ionization energy from left to right across a period? 1. An increasing in the shielding effect 2. An increase in the size of the nucleus 3. An increase of protons 4. Fewer electrons in the highest occupied energy level

An increase of protons

What is the element with the lowest electronegativity value?

Cesium

Which of the following elements has the smallest atomic radius? Sulfur, Chlorine, Selenium, Bromine (See periodic table)

Chlorine

Which subatomic particle plays the greatest part in determining the properties of an element.

Electron

What causes the shielding effect to remain constant across a period?

Electrons are added to the same principal energy

Which of the following factors contributes to the decrease in ionization energy within a group in the periodic table as the atomic number increases?

Increase in atomic size

What is the energy required to remove an electron from an atom in the gaseous state called?

Ionization Energy

How does atomic radius change from left to right across a period in the periodic table

It tends to decrease

How does atomic radius change from top to bottom in a group of a periodic table?

It tends to increase

What element in the second period has the largest atomic radius? (See periodic table)

Lithium

Which of the following elements has the lowest electronegativity? 1. Lithium 2. Carbon 3. Bromine 4. Fluorine

Lithium

The first ionization energy of sulfur is less than that of a phosphorus. A reasonable explanation for this fact involves

Pairing of two electrons in one 3p orbital in Sulfur atoms

Which of the following elements has the smallest first ionization energy? (See periodic table) 1. Sodium 2. Calcium 3. Potassium 4. Magnesium

Potassium

Which of the following is true about the electron configuration of the noble gases?

The highest s and p sublevels are completely filled

What is an anion? Cation?

anion=negative ion cation= positive ion