Chemistry Chapter 5
What is the formula for the compound formed between Al and P?
AlP
Name the following compound: AlBr3
Aluminum Bromide
What polyatomic ion is in the following compound? NH4Cl
Ammonium
Which electron dot symbol is correct for Ba?
B
What is the formula for the compound formed between Be and P?
Be3P2
Which electron dot symbol is correct for Se?
C
Which of the following compounds would NOT include a roman numeral in their name? NiO CO2 Al2O3 Fe2O3
CO2, Al2O3
Write the formula for Ca(2+) and NO3(-).
Ca(NO3)2
Write the formula for calcium nitride.
Ca3N2
What is the correct formula for the ionic compound formed between calcium and oxygen?
CaO
Ca(OH)2 The metal ion in this compound is fixed-charge metal and the polyatomic ion is negative. 1. Name of positive ion _______? 2. Name of negative ion ________? 3. Name of compound _______ ________?
Calcium, Hydroxide, Calcium Hydroxide
The loss or gain of electrons destroys the proton-electron balance and leaves the atom with a _____.
Charge
_____ _____ are the forces which hold atoms together in chemical compounds.
Chemical Bonds
The arrangement of electrons in an atom determines its _____.
Chemical Properties
What is the stem name for chlorine?
Chlor
What is the name for Cr(3+)
Chromium (III)
What is the name for Cu2O?
Copper (I) oxide
What is the name for Cu(2+) ion?
Copper (II)
What is the name for CuO?
Copper (II) Oxide
The sharing of electron pairs between atoms makes what type of chemical bond?
Covalent
What type of bond forms a molecular compound?
Covalent
The atoms in a polyatomic ion are _____ bonded.
Covalently
Write the formula for the compound; copper (II) hydroxide
Cu(OH)2
Write the formula for copper (II) oxide
CuO
The charges on these ions are the _____. CO3(-2) and HCO3(-)
Different
There is one _____ for each _____ electron in an electron dot symbol.
Dot, Valence
The valence electrons are the _____ to transfer or share in chemical bonds.
Easiest
The _____ _____ determines how atoms combine.
Electron Structure
To be neutral substance the positive charges and negative charges must be _____.
Equal
Write the formula for the compound containing: Fe(3+) and OH(-)
Fe(OH)3
Which of the following compounds has a correct name that includes a roman numeral? CaCl2 CO2 Al2O3 Fe2O3
Fe2O3
What materials contain phosphates?
Fertilizers
Determining if a compound is ionic or covalent is the _____ _____ in naming chemical compounds.
First Step
A metal ion which always has the same charge is a _____-_____ metal ion.
Fixed-charged
All metals in group IA and IIA are _____-_____ metals.
Fixed-charged
An ionic bond forms when one atom _____ electrons and the other atom _____ electron.
Gains, Loses
Sodium _____ an electron _____ chlorine when they react to form an ionic compound.
Gives, To
The chemical properties of an element are determined by the electrons in the _____ energy shell.
Highest
An _____ is an atom that is charged because it has lost or gained electrons.
Ion
NaF is _____
Ionic
Polyatomic ions always combine with other ions to form _____ compounds.
Ionic
The attraction between positive and negative charges makes an _____ bond.
Ionic
The transfer of electrons between atoms or groups of atoms makes what type of chemical bond?
Ionic
What type of bond forms an ionic compound?
Ionic
The major types of chemical bonds are _____ and _____ bonds.
Ionic, Covalent
The major types of chemical compounds are _____ and _____ compounds.
Ionic, Molecular
Polyatomic ions are always combined with other _____.
Ions
Name the following pair of ionic compounds; FeO and Fe2O3
Iron (II) Oxide, Iron (III) Oxide
Write the formula for the compound containing: K(+) and CO3(2-).
K2CO3
Give the formula for the ionic compound formed between potassium and sulfur.
K2S
Write the formula for; potassium bromide
KBr
For an element to gain electrons a different element must _____ electrons.
Lose
An ion with a charge of +3 has _____ three electrons.
Lost
Positive ions have _____ electrons. Negative ions have _____ electrons.
Lost, Gained
Name the following compound: Mg3N2
Magnesium Nitride
Name the following compound: Mg3(PO4)2
Magnesium Phosphate
Name the following pair of ionic compounds; MnO and MnO2
Manganese (II) Oxide, Manganese (IV) Oxide
The only way to learn the polyatomic ions is to _____ them.
Memorize
Positive polyatomic ion names are used in place of the _____ name.
Metal
What name comes first in naming an ionic compound?
Metal
If an element loses electrons it is a _____. If an element gains electrons it is a _____.
Metal, Non-metal
What is the correct formula for the compound formed between magnesium and nitrogen?
Mg3N2
Give the formula for the ionic compound formed between bromine and magnesium.
MgBr2
Write the formula for magnesium chloride.
MgCl2
Write the formula for the compound: ammonium chloride
NH4Cl
Write the formula for the compound containing: Ammonium and Nitrate NH4(+) NO3(-)
NH4NO3
What is the correct formula for the compound formed between sodium and oxygen?
Na2O
The formula for this compound needs three sodiums and one phosphate. Write the formula for the ionic compound.
Na3(PO4)
Give the formula for the ionic compound formed between sodium and fluorine.
NaF
Write the formula for the compound; sodium bicarbonate
NaHCO3
Atoms that gain electrons will have a _____ charge?
Negative
The most common charge on polyatomic ions in table 5.1 is _____.
Negative
When an atom gains electrons it will have a _____ charge.
Negative
Consider the following compound: Ca(OH)2 The polyatomic ion is _____. What is the name of the polyatomic ion?
Negative, Hydroxide
Which of the following compounds has a correct name that includes a roman numeral? CaSO4 K2SO4 Ni2SO4 Al2(SO4)2
Ni2SO4
What is the formula for nickel (II) chloride?
NiCl2
Write the formula for Nickel (II) Sulfide
NiS
Are the charges of the ions shown in a formula for an ionic compound?
No
Can the charge on a variable-charge metal ion be determined from the periodic table?
No
In covalent bonding, does one atom lose electrons?
No
Name the following compound; (NH4)2SO4 1. Is the positive ion a variable-charge metal? (yes, no) 2. Name of positive ion _______? 3. Name of negative ion ________? 4. Name of compound __________ ________?
No, Ammonium, Sulfate, Ammonium Sulfate
The formation of a covalent bond usually involves _____.
Non-metals
What type of elements are usually involved in covalent bonding?
Non-metals
The tendency for atoms to lose, gain, or share valence electrons so that they can have a noble gas electron structure is known as the _____ _____.
Octet Rule
The way atoms combine to form compounds is explained by the _____ _____.
Octet Rule
When atoms come together, only the electrons in the _____ shell interact.
Outermost
The electrons which interact when atoms come together are in the _____ shell and are known as _____ electrons.
Outermost, Valence
Atoms that lose electrons will have a ______ charge?
Positive
When an atom loses electrons it will have a _____ charge.
Positive
In the ionic compound NaCl, sodium has a _____ charge and chlorine has a _____ charge.
Positive, Negative
Name the following compound: K3P
Potassium Phosphide
Ionic formulas give the _____ of metal ions to non-metal ions.
Ratio
The numbers in an ionic formula are given by the _____ of positive to negative charges that make the compound neutral.
Ratio
The compounds formed by _____ elements can be explained by the octet rule.
Representative
When naming a variable-charge ionic compound the positive charge must be given using a _____ _____.
Roman Numeral
When naming compounds containing a variable charge metal, the charge on the metal ion is given by a _____ _____.
Roman Numeral
In covalent bonding each atom gets eight electrons in its outer shell by _____ electrons.
Sharing
Naming compounds containing polyatomic ions is _____ to naming other ionic compounds.
Similar
Covalent bonds form between _____ or _____ atoms.
Similar, Identical
What is the name of the metal in NaF?
Sodium
Name the following compound; Na2CO3
Sodium Carbonate
What is the name of NaF?
Sodium fluoride
Ionic bonding makes compounds _____.
Stable
The electron structure of the noble gases is considered to be _____.
Stable
The octet rule says that atoms in a compound will lose, gain, or share valence electrons to achieve a _____ electron structure like a noble gas.
Stable
What is the name of the polyatomic ion in the following compound? ZnSO4
Sulfate
Iron can form ions with more than one type of positive ion.
True
Polyatomic ions form ionic compounds.
True
Sodium chloride is an ionic solid made up of a metal and a non-metal.
True
When an atom has eight electrons in its outer shell it is non-reactive.
True
Atoms _____ occur naturally as clusters with other atoms.
Usually
Look at sulfur (S) in the periodic table. Give the following information: Group number: Outer shell electrons: Valence electrons: Total electrons:
VIA, 6, 6, 16
What is fluorine's (F) group number? How many electrons are in the outermost shell of fluorine? How many valence electrons does fluorine have?
VIIA, 7, 7
Chemical bonds between atoms are determined by their _____ electrons.
Valence
The electron dot symbol is a way to picture an atom's _____ electrons.
Valence
The electrons involved in chemical bonds are the _____ electrons.
Valence
Can a chemical symbol be used more than once in a chemical formula?
Yes
Can variable-charge metals form more than one positive ion?
Yes
Is the ratio of calcium to chlorine in CaCl2 1:2?
Yes
The number of electrons lost must always equal the number of electrons gained when an ionic compound is formed.
Yes
Name the following compound; Fe2(CO3)3 1. Is the positive ion a variable-charge metal? (yes, no) 2. Name of positive ion _______? 3. Name of negative ion ________? 4. Name of compound _______ ___ ________?
Yes, Iron (III), Carbonate, Iron (III) Carbonate
Name the following compound; AgCl 1. Is the compound ionic? (yes, no) 2. Is the metal a fixed-charge metal? (yes, no) 3. Charge on the metal ion ____? 4. Metal name ________? 5. Non-metal stem ______? 6. Compound name ________ ________?
Yes, Yes, +1, Silver, Chlor, Silver Chloride
Name the following compound; Na2S 1. Is the compound ionic? (yes, no) 2. Is the metal a fixed-charge metal? (yes, no) 3. Charge on the metal ion ____? 4. Metal name ________? 5. Non-metal stem ______? 6. Compound name ________ ________?
Yes, Yes, +1, Sodium, Sulf, Sodium Sulfide
Name the following compound; CaCl2 1. Is the compound ionic? (yes, no) 2. Is the metal a fixed-charge metal? (yes, no) 3. Charge on the metal ion ____? 4. Metal name ________? 5. Non-metal stem ______? 6. Compound name ________ ________?
Yes, Yes, +2, Calcium, Chlor, Calcium Chloride
Name the following compound; Al2O3 1. Is the compound ionic? (yes, no) 2. Is the metal a fixed-charge metal? (yes, no) 3. Charge on the metal ion ____? 4. Metal name ________? 5. Non-metal stem ______? 6. Compound name ________ ________?
Yes, Yes, +3, Aluminum, Ox, Aluminum Oxide
Name the following compound; CaO 1. Is the compound ionic? (yes, no) 2. Is the metal a fixed-charge metal? (yes, no) 3. Metal name ________? 4. Non-metal stem ______? 5. Compound name ________ ________?
Yes, Yes, Calcium, Ox, Calcium oxide
In a compound containing polyatomic ions the total charge must equal _____.
Zero
Which of the following compounds are ionic? a) NaCl b) NO2 c) CaO d) CO2
a, c
What is the name for the "copper ion" in Cu2O
copper (I)
What is the stem name of the non-metal in NaF?
fluor
Name the following compound; TiCl4 1. Is the compound ionic? (yes, no) 2. Is the metal a variable-charge metal? (yes, no) 3. Charge on the metal ion ____? 4. Metal name ________? 5. Non-metal stem ______? 6. Compound name ________ ___ ________?
yes, yes, +4, Titanium (IV), Chlor, Titanium (IV) Chloride
Name the following compound; CuCl 1. Is the compound ionic? (yes, no) 2. Is the metal a variable-charge metal? (yes, no) 3. Charge on the metal ion ____? 4. Metal name ________? 5. Non-metal stem ______? 6. Compound name ________ ___ ________?
yes, yes, 1+, Copper (I), Chlor, Copper (1) Chloride
What is the charge on an ammonium ion?
+1
What is the charge on a sodium (Na) ion? What is the charge on a chlorine (Cl) ion?
+1, -1
If magnesium loses two electrons what will be the charge on the resulting magnesium ion?
+2
What charge must copper have to equal the negative charge?
+2
What is the charge on nickel in the compound nickel (II) chloride?
+2
What is the charge on a beryllium (Be) ion? What is the charge on a nitrogen (N) ion?
+2, -3
If chlorine gains one electron what will be the charge on the resulting chlorine ion?
-1
What is the charge on a nitrate ion?
-1
What is the charge on a sulfate ion?
-2
What is the charge on the oxygen ion?
-2
The name of ionic compounds that contain only two elements will always end in.
-Ide
How many electrons are in the highest energy shell of hydrogen, lithium, sodium, and potassium?
1
How many valence electrons must chlorine gain to achieve a noble gas structure?
1
Sodium is in group IA How many electrons will sodium lose? What will the charge be on a sodium ion?
1, +1
Sodium is a metal and will lose how many electrons? Chlorine is a non-metal and will gain how many electrons?
1, 1
How many calcium ions and nitrate ions are needed to make a molecule with zero charge?
1, 2
Indicate the number of electrons lost when the following metallic elements form ions. Na Ca Sr Al
1, 2, 2, 3
How many electrons are in the P atom? How many electrons are in the P3- ion?
15, 18
A chemical compound must contain at least _____ elements
2
How many electrons are in the highest energy shell for elements in group IIA?
2
How many electrons are in the highest energy shell of these elements? (Beryllium, magnesium, and calcium)
2
How many electrons are transferred when calcium and oxygen react to form an ionic compound?
2
How many electrons must magnesium lose to have a noble gas structure?
2
How many of the polyatomic ions in table 5.1 are positive
2
How many positive ions can iron form?
2
Since there are two nitrate ions, the nitrate polyatomic ion should be put inside parentheses. What number should be outside the parentheses?
2
The electron transfer between sodium and oxygen is shown below. How many sodium atoms must react with one oxygen atom?
2
There are how many types of ionic compounds?
2
What is the charge on iron (II)? What is the charge on iron (III)?
2+, 3+
How many electrons will oxygen gain? What will the charge be on an oxygen ion?
2, -2
The calcium (+2) ion has lost how many electrons? The oxygen (-2) ion has gained how many electrons?
2, 2
Predict the number of electrons lost or gained and the resulting ionic charge when the following atom forms an ion. Se
2, gained, -2
Predict the number of electrons lost or gained and the resulting ionic charge when the following atom forms an ion. Be
2, lost, +2
An ion that has a -3 charge has gained how many electrons?
3
Because aluminum and gallium are in group IIIA they always form ions with a positive _____ charge.
3
How many polyatomic ions have names that end in -ide?
3
How many sulfate polyatomic ions are in aluminum sulfate?
3
To make the positive and negative charges equal we need how many Sodium ions: Phosphate ions:
3, 1
Indicate the number of electrons gained when the following non-metallic elements form ions. N Cl S
3, 1, 2
Give the number of protons and electrons in the ion: Li+
3, 2
How many magnesium atoms are needed? How many nitrogen atoms are needed?
3, 2
How many dots are around boron? How many valence electrons does boron have?
3, 3
The number of positive charges equals? The number of negative charges equals?
3, 3
All the elements in group IVA will have how many dots?
4
How many valence electrons does phosphorus have?
5
When magnesium reacts with nitrogen, how many electrons are transferred from the magnesium atoms to the nitrogen atoms?
6
How many chloride ions are bonded to one sodium ion? How many sodium ions are bonded to one chloride ion?
6, 6
How many sodium ions are around a chloride ion? How many chloride ions are around a sodium ion?
6, 6
How many electrons are in the highest energy shell of these elements? (Neon and Argon)
8
How many electrons do the noble gases contain in their outer shell?
8
Give the number of protons and electrons in the ion: F-
9, 10