Chemistry Comp Review

A nonpolar covalent bond is most likely to form between two elements that have a difference in electronegativity values of

0.1

The number of valence electrons in Group 1 elements is

1

A polar covalent bond is most likely to form between two elements that have a difference in electronegativity values of

1.5

The elements whose electron configurations end with s2 p5 in the highest occupied energy level belong to Group

17

Chlorine has atomic number 17 and mass number 35. It has

17 protons, 17 electrons, and 18 neutrons

Phosphorus-33 (atomic number 15) contains

18 neutrons

What is the electron configuration for nitrogen, atomic number 7?

1s2 2s2 2p3

The electron notation for aluminum (atomic number 13) is

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p1

The spin quantum number indicates that the number of possible spin states for an electron in an orbital is

2

Determine the number of moles of helium in 10.0 g of helium. The molar mass of helium is 4.00 g/mol.

2.5 moles

An aluminum isotope consists of 13 protons, 13 electrons, and 14 neutrons. Its mass number is

27

The electron configuration of aluminum, atomic number 13, is [Ne] 3s2 3p1. Aluminum is in Period

3

The electron configuration for nitrogen is 1s2 2s2 2p3. What does the 3 in 2p3 mean?

3 electrons

The molar mass of H2O is 18.02 g/mol. How many grams of H2O are present in 0.20 mol?

3.6 g

How many electrons are needed to completely fill the fourth energy level?

32

The mass of 2.0 mol of oxygen atoms (atomic mass 16.00 amu) is

32 g

What is the mass of 0.240 mol glucose, C6H12O6?

43.2 g

What is the mass percentage of OH- in Ca(OH)2?

45.9%

What is the formula mass of ethyl alcohol, C2H5OH?

46.08 amu

What is the percentage composition of CuCl2?

47.27% Cu, 52.73% Cl

The percentage composition of sulfur in SO2 is about 50%. What is the percentage of oxygen in this compound?

50%

The mass of 1 mol of chromium (atomic mass 51.996 amu) is

51.996 g

The number of atoms in 1 mol of carbon is

6.022 * 10^23

The mass of 5.000 mol of cesium (atomic mass 132.9 amu) is

664.5 g

Bromine, atomic number 35, belongs to Group 17. How many electrons does bromine have in its outermost energy level?

7

The number of valence electrons in Group 17 elements is

7

The molar mass of CS2 is 76.15 g/mol. How many grams of CS2 are present in 10.00 mol?

761.5 g

Determine the mass in grams of 10.0 mol of bromine. The molar mass of bromine is 79.90 g/mol.

799 grams

In drawing a Lewis structure, each nonmetal atom except hydrogen should be surrounded by

8 electrons

Carbon-14 (atomic number 6), the radioactive nuclide used in dating fossils, has

8 neutrons

Determine the mass in grams of 5.00 mol of oxygen. The molar mass of oxygen is 16.00 g/mol

80 grams

What is the formula mass of magnesium chloride, MgCl2?

95.21 amu

Which of the following statements is true according to modern atomic theory?

Atoms of the same element may have different masses

Molar mass

Both a and b (is numerically equal to the average atomic mass of the element & is the mass in grams of one mole of a substance)

Which element has the following electron configuration: [Ar] 4s2 3d10 4p5?

Bromine

A compound's empirical formula is C2H5. If the formula mass is 58 amu, what is the molecular formula?

C4H10

What is the formula for the compound formed by calcium ions and chloride ions?

CaCl2

What element's orbital diagram is shown in the figure below?

Fluorine

What is the correct Lewis structure for hydrogen chloride, HCl?

H-Cl (with Cl with a full shell)

A compound contains 64 g of O and 8 g of H. What is the empirical formula for this compound?

H20

What is the empirical formula for a compound that is 31.9% potassium, 28.9% chlorine, and 39.2% oxygen?

KClO3

The idea of arranging the elements in the periodic table according to their chemical and physical properties is attributed to

Mendeleev

A compound's empirical formula is N2O5. If the formula mass is 108 amu, what is the molecular formula?

N2O5

What is the formula for sulfur dichloride?

SCl2

What is the empirical formula for a compound that is 53.3% O and 46.7% Si?

SiO2

Explain why metals are good conductors of electricity

They allow their electrons to move freely around, which helps them conduct electricity

What is the formula for zinc fluoride?

ZnF2

Write the noble-gas electron configuration represented in the orbital diagram below.

[Ne] 3s2 3p3

Write the noble-gas electron configuration for silicon.

[Ne] 3s23p2

The elements in Group 1 are also known as the

alkali metals

Name the compound Al2S3

aluminum sulfide

According to the quantum theory of an atom, in an orbital

an electron's position cannot be known precisely

A spherical electron cloud surrounding an atomic nucleus would best represent

an s orbital

A negative ion is known as a(n)

anion

In metals, the valence electrons

are shared by all of the atoms

Mendeleev noticed that properties of elements usually repeated at regular intervals when the elements were arranged in order of increasing

atomic mass

All atoms of the same element have the same

atomic number

Evidence gathered since Mendeleev's time indicates that a better arrangement than atomic mass for elements in the periodic table is an arrangement by

atomic number

The melting points of ionic compounds are higher than the melting points of molecular compounds because

attractive forces between ions are greater than the attractive forces between molecules

The atomic mass of an element listed in the periodic table is the

average atomic mass

Name the compound CF4

carbon tetrafluoride

A positive ion is known as a(n)

cation

After drawing a Lewis structure, one should

confirm that the total number of valence electrons used equals the number available

In a row in the periodic table, as the atomic number increases, the atomic radius generally

decreases

Name the compound N2O3

dinitrogen trioxide

In metallic bonds, the mobile electrons surrounding the positive ions are called a(n)

electron sea

What are shared in a covalent bond?

electrons

A formula that shows the simplest whole-number ratio of the atoms in a compound is the

empirical formula

The main energy level that can hold only two electrons is the

first

To find the molecular formula from the empirical formula, one must determine the compound's

formula mass

What is the sum of the atomic masses of all the atoms in a formula for a compound?

formula mass

If electrons in an atom have the lowest possible energies, the atom is in the

ground state

Refer to the figure below. To which group do fluorine and chlorine belong?

halogens

Hydrogen is placed separately from other elements in the periodic table because it

has many unique properties

Compared with ionic compounds, molecular compounds

have lower melting points

Ionic compounds are brittle because the strong attractive forces

hold the layers in relatively fixed positions

The B—F bond in BF3 (electronegativity for B is 2.0; electronegativity for F is 4.0) is

ionic

The empirical formula is always the accepted formula for a(n)

ionic compound

The energy required to remove an electron from an atom is the atom's

ionization energy

All of the following describe the Heisenberg uncertainly principle except

it helps to locate an electron in an atom

In drawing a Lewis structure, the central atom is generally the

least electronegative atom

Which of the following is NOT a property of an ionic compound?

low boiling point

The quantum number that indicates the position of an orbital about the three axes in space is the

magnetic quantum number

If a material can be shaped or extended by physical pressure, such as hammering, which property does the material have?

malleability

Atoms of the same element can differ in

mass number

The total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom is its

mass number

Isotopes are atoms of the same element that have different

masses

The average atomic mass of an element

may not equal the mass of any of its isotopes

The molar mass of an element is the mass of one

mole of the element

Which of the following shows the types and numbers of atoms joined in a single molecule of a molecular compound?

molecular formula

The average atomic mass of an element is the average of the atomic masses of its

naturally occurring isotopes

A nuclear particle that has about the same mass as a proton, but with no electrical charge, is called a(n)

neutron

The discovery of what elements added a new column to Mendeleev's periodic table?

noble gases

If two covalently bonded atoms are identical, the bond is

nonpolar covalent

A chemical formula includes the symbols of the elements in the compound and subscripts that indicate

number of atoms or ions of each element that are combined in the compound

The periodic law states that the properties of elements are periodic functions of their atomic numbers. What determines the position of each element in the periodic table?

number of protons

All isotopes of hydrogen contain

one proton

A three-dimensional region around a nucleus where an electron may be found is called a(n)

orbital

Multiple covalent bonds may occur in atoms that contain carbon, nitrogen, or

oxygen

The electron configurations of the noble gases from neon to radon in the periodic table make these elements part of the

p block

The set of orbitals that are dumbbell shaped and directed along the x, y, and z axes are called

p orbitals

A horizontal row of blocks in the periodic table is called a(n)

period

The electron configuration of cesium, atomic number 55, is [Xe] 6s1. In what period is cesium?

period 6

If the atoms that share electrons have an unequal attraction for the electrons, the bond is called

polar

Elements in a group or column in the periodic table can be expected to have similar

properties

A positively charged particle with mass 1.673 ´ 10-24 g is a(n)

proton

The atomic number of oxygen, 8, indicates that there are eight

protons in the nucleus of an oxygen atom

The chemical formula for an ionic compound represents the

ratio of the combined ions present in a sample

The angular momentum quantum number indicates the

shape of an orbital

The empirical formula for a compound shows the symbols of the elements with subscripts indicating the

smallest whole-number ratio of the atoms

The properties of both ionic and molecular compounds are related to the

strengths of attraction between the particles in the compounds

An atom is electrically neutral because

the numbers of protons and electrons are equal

The correct Lewis structure for the oxygen atom has

two pairs of valence electrons and two single valence electrons

How many electrons can occupy the s orbitals at each energy level?

two, if they have opposite spins

Mendeleev predicted that the spaces in his periodic table represented

undiscovered elements

The electrons available to be lost, gained, or shared when atoms form compounds are called

valence electrons