Chemistry ( molarity, Molality, osmolarity, osmolality,normaity)
Osmole (units) per solution
amount of a substance that dissolves in solution to form 1 mole of osmotically active particles (ie) Nacl dissolved in on liter of water becomes two separate particles Na+ and Cl- ions thus = 2 osmol/L
Avogadro
scientist who worked with and determined the proportion of particles in 1 mole
Osmolality (osmol/kg)
the concentration of a solution expressed as the total number of solute particles per kilogram.
Normality
the number of equivalents of a substance dissolved in a liter of solution https://youtu.be/QCZMyx_557I
Avogadro's number
number of representative particles in a mole, 6.02 X 10^23
Solvent
A liquid substance capable of dissolving other substances
Solute
A substance that is dissolved in a solution.
Tonacity Vs Osmolarity
Both compare the solute concentration of two solutions separated by a membrane. ** Tonacity only considers the the concentration of non penetrating solutes *** Osmolarity considers the concentration of both penetrating and non penetration solutes
Osmolarity (Osm)
Measure of total concentration of solute particles ** Ionic compounds (ie) salts Disassociate in a solution into there constituent ion (NaCl = Na+ ion and Cl- Ion) yielding 2 Osmoles of solute particles *** Non ionic compounds do not disassociate and Yield 1 Osmole of solute per 1 mole of solute ( 1 mole glucose = 1 Osmole)
Molarity (M)
Number of mole of a solute dissolved in a liter solution. (ie) NaCl = 58.44 dissolved in a one liter volmetric flask = 1 molar solution
Tonacity
The ability of a solution surrounding a cell to cause that cell to gain or lose water.
Mole
The mole is defined as the amount of substance containing the same number of chemical units
Molality (m)
The number of moles of solute dissolved in one kilogram of solvent (ie) NaCl = 58.44 dissolved in 1kg of water = 1 molal (m) solution
Stoichiometry
The relationship between the relative quantities of substances taking part in a reaction or forming a compound, typically a ratio of whole integers.