Chemistry Unit 1

Who was Copernicus?

Polish astronomer

How does chemistry affect our world?

chemicals can help or hurt our world

What is the study of matter called?

chemistry

How do scientists test their ideas?

By controlling their experiments to isolate a single variable

Which is a testable hypothesis regarding the amount of sleep that students get and how it affects their work?

Children who get a minimum of nine hours of sleep per night achieve higher test scores than those that get fewer hours of sleep.

Who developed the philosophical idea of the atom?

Democritus

Which of the following best describes technology?

the application of engineering to create useful products

What might a biologist choose to study?

the causes of honeybee deaths in hives

What is alchemy?

An early form of chemistry that people used to try and turn metal into gold

Why is it important for all of us to have some understanding of chemistry?

An understanding of chemistry helps us make safer choices

Which of the following facts demonstrates a rule that governs the physical world?

Antifreeze keeps water from freezing when it gets cold out

What are the steps of the scientific method?

Ask a Question Construct a Hypothesis Test Your Hypothesis by Doing an Experiment Analyze Your Data and Draw a Conclusion Communicate Your Results

How does a scientist answer a scientific question?

By observing and measuring

How have chemists changed our daily lives the most?

By using what they know to create new and helpful products

How has the scientific community addressed the safety of chemicals?

Chemicals are repeatedly tested, even those that have been around for a long time.

What is an example of how chemicals make our lives easier?

Chemicals can keep food fresh for longer

What was the result of the first atomic theory?

Chemists began to better understand the properties of matter

How has the work of chemists affected the environment over the years?

Chemists have both hurt and helped the environment through their work

Before creating a product, what is something that engineers could do in the planning stages?

Estimate how much consumers would be willing to pay

How has the work of chemists affected the environment?

The work of some chemists causes environmental problems, while the work of others tries to fix problems

What do biologists study?

how living things function, and what affects them

What do physicists study?

how matter and energy interact

Which of the following is a property of matter?

it takes up space

Which is not an example of how engineers have affected society?

our understanding of how cancer cells grow and spread

If engineers test a shoe that only proves helpful for 5% of people, they should:

redesign and start the process again

Which of the following is an experiment that raises ethical concerns?

research that releases poisonous gas into the air

What is biology?

the study of living things

What makes up matter?

tiny particles called atoms

When is a scientific theory formed?

when a scientific idea has been tested many times

What is a pattern in nature?

An event that occurs over and over

What is an example of how research into the effects of chemicals has changed how it's used?

Finding out that asbestos is dangerous and limiting its use in buildings.

Which best describes why governmental funding for scientific research is important?

Governmental funding provides a way to control what kind of scientific research is done

What significant contribution did Lavoisier make to chemistry?

He was the first to use scientific experiments to learn about atoms

What is always true about a scientific hypothesis?

It must be testable

What could be a hypothesis for an experiment that compares the health of wild vs. captive salmon?

Salmon living in the wild experience fewer diseases than salmon raised in fish farms.

What makes carcinogens so dangerous?

They cause cancer

Why are carcinogens a concern to people?

They cause cancer

What is the purpose of the scientific method?

To provide a reliable answer to a scientific question

What is not something engineers do at the beginning of their process?

decide if they have made the best possible product

What part of Dalton's atomic theory was later proved to be incorrect?

All atoms of one kind are identical and cannot be divided

What did Aristotle believe?

All matter is made of earth, air, fire, water

Which of the following best describes a scientist?

A person who learns about the world by observing it

What type of scientist would study the effect of wind on different bike helmets?

A physicist

Which of the following is the best definition of a hypothesis?

A testable, possible answer to a scientific question

Why do scientists look for patterns in the world?

Patterns can help explain observations

What is an example of a scientific question about cuttlefish?

How do cuttlefish change colors?

Which of the following is a scientific question about butterflies?

How far do butterflies fly each winter?

What are the steps of the engineering process in order?

Identify a need, know the background, make a plan, do the work, test result, and evaluate and redesign.

What factors indicate that the scientific method was followed for an experiment?

If it is clear that the experiment tests the hypothesis and produces reliable results

Where are chemicals found?

In solids, liquids, and gases

What is a scientific question about the flu?

Is the flu shot effective in preventing the flu?

What was important about the Copernican revolution?

It demonstrated that scientific understanding is always changing

How does the scientific method help scientists?

It helps them get reliable results

What makes a question scientific?

It requires observations in order to answer it

What is science?

Learning about the physical world through observation

Which of the following is a type of cancer?

Leukemia

Which of the following is an engineering solution?

Manufacturing a drill that can be used to drill for energy sources at the bottom of the ocean

How does a scientist benefit society?

The scientist uses specialized training to help solve problems faced by society.

How do ethics affect scientific research?

Scientists should not be allowed to conduct experiments that are harmful to others

Why is alchemy no longer accepted?

Scientists used evidence, analysis, and experiments to disprove alchemy

What is a fact about cicadas that demonstrates a pattern observed by scientists?

Some species of cicadas emerge from the ground every 17 years

Which of the following experiments could both biologists and physicists do?

Study how the body's nerve cells react to electric shock

What is the best definition of chemistry?

The study of matter, its properties, and its reactions

What do the conclusions tell about the experiment?

The conclusions tell why the data support or reject the hypothesis

How could the government enforce ethical standards of scientific experiments?

The government could take away funding if the ethical standards aren't met

Why is governmental funding of scientific research important?

The government uses funding to force scientists not to do experiments that harm people

What kind of scientist would study the affect of acid rain on a marble statue?

a chemist

What is a scientific theory?

an idea that is backed from many sources

What is the scientific method?

an organized way to test scientific ideas

What comes right before analyzing the data in the scientific method?

collecting the data

Where are people exposed to chemicals?

everywhere