Chemistry Unit 1
Who was Copernicus?
Polish astronomer
How does chemistry affect our world?
chemicals can help or hurt our world
What is the study of matter called?
chemistry
How do scientists test their ideas?
By controlling their experiments to isolate a single variable
Which is a testable hypothesis regarding the amount of sleep that students get and how it affects their work?
Children who get a minimum of nine hours of sleep per night achieve higher test scores than those that get fewer hours of sleep.
Who developed the philosophical idea of the atom?
Democritus
Which of the following best describes technology?
the application of engineering to create useful products
What might a biologist choose to study?
the causes of honeybee deaths in hives
What is alchemy?
An early form of chemistry that people used to try and turn metal into gold
Why is it important for all of us to have some understanding of chemistry?
An understanding of chemistry helps us make safer choices
Which of the following facts demonstrates a rule that governs the physical world?
Antifreeze keeps water from freezing when it gets cold out
What are the steps of the scientific method?
Ask a Question Construct a Hypothesis Test Your Hypothesis by Doing an Experiment Analyze Your Data and Draw a Conclusion Communicate Your Results
How does a scientist answer a scientific question?
By observing and measuring
How have chemists changed our daily lives the most?
By using what they know to create new and helpful products
How has the scientific community addressed the safety of chemicals?
Chemicals are repeatedly tested, even those that have been around for a long time.
What is an example of how chemicals make our lives easier?
Chemicals can keep food fresh for longer
What was the result of the first atomic theory?
Chemists began to better understand the properties of matter
How has the work of chemists affected the environment over the years?
Chemists have both hurt and helped the environment through their work
Before creating a product, what is something that engineers could do in the planning stages?
Estimate how much consumers would be willing to pay
How has the work of chemists affected the environment?
The work of some chemists causes environmental problems, while the work of others tries to fix problems
What do biologists study?
how living things function, and what affects them
What do physicists study?
how matter and energy interact
Which of the following is a property of matter?
it takes up space
Which is not an example of how engineers have affected society?
our understanding of how cancer cells grow and spread
If engineers test a shoe that only proves helpful for 5% of people, they should:
redesign and start the process again
Which of the following is an experiment that raises ethical concerns?
research that releases poisonous gas into the air
What is biology?
the study of living things
What makes up matter?
tiny particles called atoms
When is a scientific theory formed?
when a scientific idea has been tested many times
What is a pattern in nature?
An event that occurs over and over
What is an example of how research into the effects of chemicals has changed how it's used?
Finding out that asbestos is dangerous and limiting its use in buildings.
Which best describes why governmental funding for scientific research is important?
Governmental funding provides a way to control what kind of scientific research is done
What significant contribution did Lavoisier make to chemistry?
He was the first to use scientific experiments to learn about atoms
What is always true about a scientific hypothesis?
It must be testable
What could be a hypothesis for an experiment that compares the health of wild vs. captive salmon?
Salmon living in the wild experience fewer diseases than salmon raised in fish farms.
What makes carcinogens so dangerous?
They cause cancer
Why are carcinogens a concern to people?
They cause cancer
What is the purpose of the scientific method?
To provide a reliable answer to a scientific question
What is not something engineers do at the beginning of their process?
decide if they have made the best possible product
What part of Dalton's atomic theory was later proved to be incorrect?
All atoms of one kind are identical and cannot be divided
What did Aristotle believe?
All matter is made of earth, air, fire, water
Which of the following best describes a scientist?
A person who learns about the world by observing it
What type of scientist would study the effect of wind on different bike helmets?
A physicist
Which of the following is the best definition of a hypothesis?
A testable, possible answer to a scientific question
Why do scientists look for patterns in the world?
Patterns can help explain observations
What is an example of a scientific question about cuttlefish?
How do cuttlefish change colors?
Which of the following is a scientific question about butterflies?
How far do butterflies fly each winter?
What are the steps of the engineering process in order?
Identify a need, know the background, make a plan, do the work, test result, and evaluate and redesign.
What factors indicate that the scientific method was followed for an experiment?
If it is clear that the experiment tests the hypothesis and produces reliable results
Where are chemicals found?
In solids, liquids, and gases
What is a scientific question about the flu?
Is the flu shot effective in preventing the flu?
What was important about the Copernican revolution?
It demonstrated that scientific understanding is always changing
How does the scientific method help scientists?
It helps them get reliable results
What makes a question scientific?
It requires observations in order to answer it
What is science?
Learning about the physical world through observation
Which of the following is a type of cancer?
Leukemia
Which of the following is an engineering solution?
Manufacturing a drill that can be used to drill for energy sources at the bottom of the ocean
How does a scientist benefit society?
The scientist uses specialized training to help solve problems faced by society.
How do ethics affect scientific research?
Scientists should not be allowed to conduct experiments that are harmful to others
Why is alchemy no longer accepted?
Scientists used evidence, analysis, and experiments to disprove alchemy
What is a fact about cicadas that demonstrates a pattern observed by scientists?
Some species of cicadas emerge from the ground every 17 years
Which of the following experiments could both biologists and physicists do?
Study how the body's nerve cells react to electric shock
What is the best definition of chemistry?
The study of matter, its properties, and its reactions
What do the conclusions tell about the experiment?
The conclusions tell why the data support or reject the hypothesis
How could the government enforce ethical standards of scientific experiments?
The government could take away funding if the ethical standards aren't met
Why is governmental funding of scientific research important?
The government uses funding to force scientists not to do experiments that harm people
What kind of scientist would study the affect of acid rain on a marble statue?
a chemist
What is a scientific theory?
an idea that is backed from many sources
What is the scientific method?
an organized way to test scientific ideas
What comes right before analyzing the data in the scientific method?
collecting the data
Where are people exposed to chemicals?
everywhere
