Chemistry - Unit 4: Arrangement of Electrons in Atoms
How many orbitals in the p sub level?
3 orbitals
How many orbitals are in the d sub level?
5 orbitals
What happens when an electron drops from a higher energy state to a lower energy state
An atomic emission spectrum is produced
What is hertz a unit of?
frequency
Any form of energy that exhibits wavelike behavior as it travels through space is called?
Electro magnetic radiation
How are the lines on the atomic emission spectrum of an atom formed?
Electrons exist in orbitals which are located in a specific energy level. The lowest energy state is the ground state. When the electrons gain energy, it moves to a higher energy level known as the excited state. This state is unstable and the electron will fall back down too. Lower energy level. In this process it loses energy and emits it in the form of light. Thus light has certain frequency and appears as lines on the atomic emission spectrum.
The energy of a photon depends on the ———— of the radiation.
Frequency
Which word describes the number of waves that pass a certain point in a given amount of time?
Frequency
What did Louis de Broglie Propse?
He proposed that electrons behave as waves
Which rule requires that each of the p orbitals at a particular energy level have one electron before any of them can have two electrons?
Hund's Rule
How many orbitals are in the S sub level?
1 orbital
What does the Aufbau Principle state?
An electron occupies the lowest-energy orbital that can receive it. It helps explain electron configuration.
Electrons that move to a higher enneagram level are in which state?
An excited state
How does an electron go from it's ground state to an excited state?
By absorbing a photon with a specific energy.
How can an electron move from a lower energy level to a a higher energy level?
By gaining a photon of energy
Which equation shows the relationship between the frequency of a wave and its wavelength.?
C=λV
If electromagnetic radiation A has a lower frequency that electromagnetic radiation b , the wavelength of a is
Larger
The ejection of electrons by metals when light of a certain frequency shines on them is called the
Photoelectric effect
What two measurements are we unable to determine at the same time for an electrons according to Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle?
Position and Velocity of an electron
When an electron falls from an excited state to its ground state. It ———— a photon of energy.
Releases/emits
Wavelength is defined by:
The distance between corresponding point of adjacent waves
What is the relationship between the energy of a photon and its frequency?
The energy of a photon is directly proportional to its frequency. This means that as the frequency of a photon increases, its energy also increases. The relationship is described as being the equation, E=hf, where E is the energy, H is plancks constant and f is the frequency.
What is the wavelength of a photon that has a frequency of 6.0 X 10^14 Hz?
The equation relating wavelength, frequency, and the speed of light is c = Af, where c is the speed of light (3.00 x 10^8 m/s), ^ is wavelength, and f is frequency. Rearranging this equation to solve for wavelength, we get: ^ = c/f. Plugging in the values given in the problem, we get: ^ = (3.00 × 10^8 m/s) / (6.0 × 10^14 Hz)
The lowest energy state of an atom is called
The ground state
orbital notation
a diagramic representation that uses dashes and arrows to show the principal energy levels and sublevels for all the electrons in an atom
What does the Pauli Exclusion Principle state?
no two electrons in an atom can have the same four quantum numbers
What does hunds rule state?
orbitals of equal energy are each occupied by one electron before any orbital is occupied by a second electron
Nobel gas notation
shortcut→ find the closest noble gas (column 18) with fewer electrons than the element then finish electron configuration
The symbol for frequency is?
v (nu)
electron configuration notation
written with numbers/letters (1s2 2s2 2p6...)
The symbol for wavelength is?
λ (lambda)