Child Abuse and Neglect

The term dementia comes from Latin for: Madness. Senseless.

both a and b

Animal cruelty by children has not been associated with exposure to family violence.

false

More than ________ women and men are the victims of rape, physical violence, or stalking by an intimate partner in the U.S. each year.

12 million

Which is not a category of child fire-setters? Normal curiosity Plea for help Despondent Delinquent

Despondent

Use of derogatory language in addressing one's partner is not legally prohibited, but usually signifies emotional abuse.

True (ch11)

Acts of IPV by a police officer against an intimate partner are estimated to be ________ acts committed by the general population.

at least as common as (ch11)

By 2050, senior citizens will outnumber ________ for the first time in history, which is noteworthy since individuals will require additional care and support as they grow older.

children ages 14 and under

According to Teaster et al., the most frequent perpetrator of abuse against an older adult is his or her:

own adult child.

The majority of offenders against older adults are male, except when the victim is a ________, the offender is equally either male or female.

parent (ch11)

The concept of learned helplessness was developed to explain the psychological response to repeated violence.

true

The stigma of being a male victim and the fear of not being believed are among the reasons why men are less likely to report the violence and seek services.

true

There is a strong link between juvenile abuse victimization and fire-setting.

true

Women with a disability are at a greater risk for experiencing rape, sexual coercion, and non-contact unwanted sexual experiences.

true

Major studies on dating violence find that women have the same or higher levels than men regarding inflicting and sustaining physical dating violence.

true (ch11)

The most common date rape drug used by high school and college students is:

Rohypnol.

Physical abuse behaviors do NOT include:

Asking for some kind of abuse.

A victim of intimate partner violence can apply for a domestic violence green card:

Without the knowledge of her or his partner.

From the original statute, Trafficking Victims Protection Act ("TVPA," 2000)(4), ________ is any sex act on account of which anything of value is given to or received by any person.

A commercial sex act

Which of the following is not a consequence of teen sexting?

Legal charges for sexual abuse of a minor

Family-based theories are examples of:

Multidimensional theories.

Recent reports indicate that victimization of children has grave:

Social consequences.

Polyvictimization refers to:

The co-occurrence of violence across multiple forms of victimization at the hands of multiple perpetrators.

The consequences of abuse will vary according to all of the following factors except: Characteristics of the child. The way a child is raised to be an adult. Type of trauma. Co-occurrences of types of abuse and neglect.

The way a child is raised to be an adult.

Though there are many causes for both substance abuse and for intimate partner violence, little evidence suggests that one problem causes the other.

true (ch11)

Violence against pets is considered to be a predictor for adult violence in children.

true (ch11)

Some experts suggest that fear of retaliation, cultural barriers, emotional trauma, or stress may play a role in the failure to report domestic violence to:

victims advocates

The most frequent victims of intimate partner violence are:

women

Due to new policies outlined by the military, jurisdiction is no longer an issue when it comes to dealing with intimate partner violence committed by military personnel.

false (ch11)

Dysphoric or borderline offenders frequently engage in violent behavior both inside and outside the home.

false (ch11)

Of all the types of offenders, the antisocial batterer is the least dangerous.

false (ch11)

________ is a form of manipulation used against a partner to convince them they are wrong.

gaslighting

As far back as 1991, Murray Straus included previous animal cruelty as an assessment criterion for predicting future ________ violence against women.

lethal (ch11)

Unlike the picture presented for physical dating violence, sexual aggression is almost exclusively perpetrated by:

males (ch11)

________ is any unwanted intercourse or penetration (vaginal, anal, or oral) obtained by force, threat of force, or when the marital partner is unable to consent.

marital rape

________ refers to any unwanted intercourse or penetration (vaginal, anal, or oral) obtained by force, threat of force, or when the wife is unable to consent.

marital rape (ch11)

Dual arrests by police occur ________ when same-sex partners are involved.

most frequently

Researchers are finding that a significant number of family violence survivors go directly to courts for civil orders of protection, bypassing the:

police (ch11)

One promising approach for the LGBTI population has been the requirement that police officers make arrests based on the ________ determination.

primary aggressor

________ is a term that refers to verbal abuse such as calling names, criticizing, playing mind games, humiliating the partner, and reinforcing internalized homophobia.

psychological abuse

What is an example of a long-term impact on college students with disabilities who are victimized by intimate partner violence?

self harm and depression

IPV is the leading cause of injury and death to American women, causing more harm than vehicular accidents, rapes, or muggings combined.

true

If the abuser is a military service member, intimate partner violence situations are handled on two separate tracks: the military justice system and the Family Advocacy system.

true

Individuals with disabilities are at a significantly increased risk of violence of all forms.

true

Internalized homophobia may also continue long after the individual reconciles his or her sexual orientation.

true

Marital rape is defined as any unwanted intercourse or penetration obtained by force, threat of force, or when the wife is unable to consent.

true

Not all those who enter into nursing home stay there permanently.

true

Research tells us that most offending adolescents do not continue to perpetrate sexual offenses as adults.

true

Sexual violence has gone down by more than 60 percent since 1993.

true

The antisocial batterer is the most dangerous.

true (ch11)

Using a cell phone or the Internet, ________ is a pattern of behaviors that control, pressure or threaten a dating partner. Emotional dating abuse Digital dating abuse Cyber dating abuse Both B and C

(which 2?)

Albanese (2013) described the organizational structure of CSEC through three categories. Which of the following is NOT one of them?

Baby selling

Which of the following is not an example of elder financial abuse?

Bankruptcy fraud

Dutton and Nicholls (2005) argue that society has a responsibility of protecting all victims, regardless of the ________ of the offender or victim.

Gender (ch11)

________ violence refers to an act by an individual that is against another individual with whom that person has or has had a dating relationship and that is intended to result in physical harm, bodily injury, assault, or sexual assault or that is a threat that reasonably places the individual in fear of imminent physical harm, bodily injury, assault, or sexual assault, but does not include defensive measures to protect oneself.

dating

Major studies on ________ violence find that women are both victims and perpetrators of physical violence at the same rate as or a higher rate than men.

dating (ch11)

Youth who perpetrated and experienced violence were likely to have also perpetrated or experienced:

dating violence and cyber dating abuse

Which school of thought has been identified as the best-suited framework to address the causes, consequences, and treatment formulations for abused children?

ecological model

________ occurs when the abuser makes or tries to make the victim financially reliant.

economic abuse

________ abuse is defined as an intentional act or failure to act that causes harm or risk serious harm to a vulnerable older adult by a caregiver or another person in a relationship involving expectation of trust.

elder

According to the Full Faith and Credit provision of the VAWA, if a same-sex survivor of IPV successfully obtains a domestic violence restraining order in his or her state, that protection order is ________ in every state in the United States.

enforceable

Aging LGBTI adults were found to be less likely to suffer from chronic conditions as they age as compared to heterosexual men and women, despite similar access to health care.

false

Among both men and women, pornography is associated with degreased sexual violence and physical aggression.

false

Experts are not in favor of recording interviews with sexual abuse victims because it may cause secondary trauma.

false

In a situational IPV relationship, victims experience abuse at least twice as a result of a crisis situation.

false

In a study of LGB youth who engaged in risky behaviors, authors found a noticeable presence of supportive and involved parents.

false

In some situations it is acceptable to use restraints on someone in a nursing home without a physician's order.

false

Institutional abuse of an older adult typically occurs at the workplace.

false

Male partner reproductive coercion applies to homosexual couples

false

Most cases of older adult abuse lead to the elder seeking criminal charges against their abuser.

false

Physical abuse behaviors include asking for some type of abuse.

false

Police often lack the jurisdiction to enforce domestic violence restraining orders that were issued from another state.

false

Sexually explicit images involving a minor must be saved on a computer, and not just merely looked at, for possession to occur under federal law.

false

The Department of Justice has a large-scale system to track elder abuse in the U.S.

false

The first hotline for battered women started in St. Paul, Wisconsin, in 1981.

false

The intergenerational cycle of violence asserts that abused children are at low risk to become abusers in their adult intimate relationships.

false

________ officers were 60 percent more likely to use aggression against their partners as compared to the other officers according to a reanalysis of data collected from the Baltimore Police Stress and Domestic Violence Study.

female (ch11)

Girls and young women are more likely to be victims of rape, while boys and young men are more apt to experience being:

forced into penetrating someone else.

Police have a duty to enforce domestic violence restraining orders that were issued from another state under the Violence Against Women Act (VAWA), passed by Congress as part of the Federal crime bill. This is known as:

full faith and credit

Which of the following is not a protective factor which promotes positive outcomes for teens? Connectedness to family High intelligence Connectedness to religion High self-esteem

high intelligence

According to the military process for domestic violence prevention, ________ offenders should be separated from the military and/or receive disciplinary action.

high risk (ch11)

In severe cases, the ________ is one who beats his partner as frequently as 60 times per year.

high-risk offender (ch11)

Intimate partner violence is believed to be strongly linked to:

homelessness

Abuse of an older adult who lives in a long-term care facility such as a nursing home or residential care facility is termed:

institutional abuse.

________ is a social category that reflects real biological variation in which a person has a sexual anatomy that does not fit the typical definition of male or female.

intersex

________ partner violence is violence committed by a current or former spouse, opposite sex co-habiting partner, same sex co-habiting partner, date, boyfriend, or girlfriend.

intimate

________ means that the victim of sexual assault reports the incident and is given an exam with the evidence collected anonymously.

jane doe reporting

If a person is residing in the United States and is a victim of domestic violence, she or he can self-petition for a domestic violence green card, under a provision of the VAWA without:

knowledge of the abuser.

Which is the most critical factor in the development of children?

parents

Adults who perpetrate intimate partner violence often abuse the victim's ________ as a means to control and intimidate.

pets (ch11)

Which is the most common form of abuse and neglect investigated?

self

________ is characterized as the behavior of an older adult that threatens his or her health or safety.

self neglect

The association between alcohol and drug use to IPV is contributory rather than causal, increasing both the risk of IPV occurring and ________ to the victim.

severity of injury (ch11)

The victims of domestic violence are 85 percent female and 15 percent male. The rates have remained relatively stable:

since 1994

Which is not one of the theoretical explanations for abuse in the LGBT community?

sociocultural approach

Lesbian survivors of abuse may deny their victimization due to: the utopian myth. unwillingness to give up their expectations of the lesbian relationship. fear of fueling hatred against them.

all of the above

Mutual abuse assessments can have consequences on an IPV survivor, such as: Humiliation. Arrest. Risk for further victimization.

all of the above

Typically, older adult abuse is defined to include individuals who are: age 60 or older. 65 years and older. age 70 or older.

all of the above

What is an example of IPV impacting a victim's quality of life? Incidence of posttraumatic stress disorder Missing school and work because of the violence Increased risk for poverty, divorce, and unemployment

all of the above

Which of the following is a risk factor for victims of physical abuse? Distrust of others Over compliance with authority figures Use of aggression to solve interpersonal problems all of the above

all of the above

Which of the following is a risk factor to victimization for commercial sexual exploitation? all of the above History of abuse Runaway Throwaway

all of the above

Which of the following is an example of cyber dating abuse? all of the above Spreading rumors Forcing cybersex Reading a partner's text messages

all of the above

The 2009 National Elder Mistreatment Study found that sexual abuse against older adults: is underreported to the police. is committed by family members in more than half of cases. is primarily a form of domestic violence.

all of the above (ch11)

The ________ is an individual with a diagnosable mental illness or personality disorder, a substance abuse problem, and is more likely to have a criminal record.

antisocial batterer (ch11)

The most frequent form of family violence is simple assault, and approximately three-quarters of the incidents occur in or near the victim's residence.

beg for forgiveness (ch11)

After an abusive attack, it is not unusual for the offender to:

beg for forgiveness. (ch11)

A tyrannical offender:

both A and C Knows what he's doing and intends to frighten, intimidate, and punish his partner., Describes his partner as being submissive and careful around him. (ch11)

Aging lesbians were found to have a greater risk of experiencing ________ as compared to similarly situated heterosexual women. Psychological distress symptoms Physical disability

both a and b

Children exhibiting a "shame-rage" type of explosive anger is associated with: Sexual abuse against female victims Delinquency Self-harming behaviors Both A and B

both a and b

When "Q" appears in the acronym after LGBT is may refer to the term: Queer. Questioning.

both a and b

Which of the following is a commonly recommended interview approach within the trauma-informed victim approach? Forensic Experiential Trauma Interview (FETI) Enhanced Cognitive Interview (ECI) Trauma-Informed Forensic Interview (TIFI) both a and b!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1 check

both a and b

Which of the following is an example of identity abuse? -Outing -Exploitation of internalized homophobia

both a and b

Which variable is thought to affect the intergenerational cycle of violence? Type, frequency, and degree of violence Witnessing interparental aggression Socioeconomic status of family Both A and B

both a and b

According to the U.S. Department of State (2017b), ________ occurs when a child (under 18 years of age) is recruited, enticed, harbored, transported, provided, obtained, patronized, solicited, or maintained to perform a commercial sex act, proving force, fraud, or coercion is not necessary for the offense to be prosecuted as human trafficking. There are no exceptions to this rule: no cultural or socioeconomic rationalizations alter the fact that children who are exploited in prostitution are trafficking victims.

child sex trafficking

Which of the following is not a phase of the cycle of violence?

control and dominance

Only recently have commercial sexual exploitation and sex trafficking of youth been categorized as forms of:

crime

The three-stage description for the abusive pattern of battering is called the:

cycle of violence

Which is not a risk factor for abandonment?

Adequate personal resources

A(n) ________ is an advocate for residents of nursing homes, board and care homes, and assisted-living facilities.

APS

Bestiality is:

Human to animal sexual activity.

Which is not a descriptor of tactics used by abusers?

depression (ch11)

At what age are children most at risk for commercial sexual exploitation?

11-14

Almost ________ percent of adult male rape victims report sexual victimization before age 18.

25

More than ________ of children are exposed to some form of family violence during their lifetime.

25%

Due to the changing elder demographics, it is estimated that the number of investigations of elder abuse may increase ________ by 2030.

50 percent

The victims of intimate partner violence are ________ % female.

85

According to the National Council on Aging (2013) about ________ percent of cases, perpetrators of abuse in later life are family members.

90

________ are available in every state and in the District of Columbia to assist in the protection of older adults against abuse; these agencies act alone or in conjunction with law enforcement.

Adult protective services

The most common form of dementia among older people is ________, which initially involves the parts of the brain that control thought, memory, and language.

Alzheimer's disease

The most common perpetrator of abuse against an older adult is:

An adult child.

The Jeanne Clery Act, also known as the Campus Security Act, requires that:

Campuses provide community-wide prevention educational programming AND Public safety on college campuses report crimes that occur to the FBI through the Uniform Crime Report

The age, emotional and cognitive development, gender, race/ethnicity, personality, and strengths or resiliency of the child all play a part in determining the effects of maltreatment. These are referred to as the ________ of the child.

Characteristics

Which of the following is not a sign of self-neglect?

Compliance with medication

From an early review of the literature, ________ characterizes individual batterers as clinically assessed problematic individuals displaying poor impulse control, aggression, fear of intimacy, emotional dependence, fear of abandonment, and impaired ego functioning.

Hanson (ch11)

Internalized ________ refers to the internalized stress due to fear of those who are homosexual, which consists of condemnation, loathing, fear, societal disdain, and religious rejection of all things homosexual and of those who practice it.

Homophobia

This term refers to the condemnation, loathing, fear, societal disdain, and religious rejection of all things homosexual and those who practice it:

Homophobia.

What does LGBTI stand for?

Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Intersex

For failing to report abuse, a mandatory reporter could be found guilty of what?

Misdemeanor

Recent research suggests that police officers may experience ________ at higher levels than the general population, rendering them up to four times more likely to engage in domestic violence against an intimate or family member.

PTSD (ch11)

Juvenile victim pornography is frequently associated with: A sexual offense. Pedophilia. A violent offense. all of the above

all of the above

The issue of same-sex marriage was settled in 2015 when the U.S. Supreme Court ruled in ________ that same-sex couples have the right to marry under the Equal Protection Clause of the 14th Amendment.

Obergefell v. Hodges

Men are less likely to report the violence and seek services because:

Of the stigma of being a male victim and fear of not being believed.

Which refers to the act of killings one's parent and is a form of murder committed by juvenile?

Parricide

Which refers to the act of killing one's father?

Patricide

American Indian and Alaska native women are significantly more likely than white women, African American women, or mixed-race women to report they were:

Psychologically abused. Stalked. Sexually assaulted. Correct! Both B and C

Which of the following is untrue of juvenile child-care offenders? Older children account for as much as 40% of the offenses committed in the child-care context. Sex offenses committed by juveniles typically occur within a home. Sex offenses committed by juveniles typically occur during the early morning hours. Most juvenile sex offenders are teenagers between the ages of 12 and 17.

Sex offenses committed by juveniles typically occur during the early morning hours.

According to the Renzetti typology of abusive lesbian relationships, victims in this category experience abuse only once or twice as a result of a crisis situation.

Situational

Intimate partner violence can also be referred to as: Domestic violence. Battering. Spousal abuse.

all of the above

What is a sign of sexual abuse?

Torn, stained, or bloody underwear

An exploder offender:

Usually acknowledges that he has used the violence but blames his partner for provoking him. (ch11)

Historically, ________ have charged law-enforcement officers with failure to meet the needs of domestic violence survivors.

Victim advocates

Which is not a condition that allows for the use of restraints on someone in a nursing home?

When a person is difficult to handle for the staff and the person currently watching over the person needs a break, but wants to make sure they don't go anywhere.

Straus suggests two criteria to help identify high-risk offender cases (Straus, 1993): Criterion A-That the suspect initiated three or more instances of violence in the preceding year. Criterion B-That the suspect threatened a partner with ________ or verbally threatened to kill the partner.

a weapon in hand (ch11)

two types of trauma are related to the severity and intensity of the abuse. Type I, referred to as ________, is a single event; type II, chronic or repetitive abuse over time, is usually more difficult for the child to overcome.

acute trauma

________ women experience IPV at a slightly elevated rate compared to white American females.

african american

Definitions of elder maltreatment fall into which category? Family or domestic Institutional Self-neglect or self-abuse

all

Elder abuse can take the form of: Abandonment. Intentional neglect by the caregiver. Unintentional neglect by the caregiver.

all

Undue influence occurs when people use their role with the elder to exploit: Trust. Dependency. Fear of others.

all

According to the Renzetti typology of abusive lesbian relationships, which category best describes lesbian IPV? Situational IPV Chronic IPV Emotional or psychological IPV all of the above

all of the above

Chronic physical abuse can result in long-term: Physical disabilities. Brain damage. Hearing loss. all of the above

all of the above

In addition to the psychological and behavioral effects that children may experience due to their exposure to domestic violence, there is concern about: later criminalization. a greater risk of the victims becoming offenders. an increased likelihood of arrest as a juvenile and as an adult. all of the above

all of the above

In cases of shaken baby syndrome, the infant may experience: Developmental delays. Permanent blindness or deafness. Coma, paralysis, and death. all of the above

all of the above

Internalized homophobia can be associated with: Self-hatred. Self-imposed limits on one's aspirations. An acceptance of popular myths about homosexuality.

all of the above

The IACP 2003 policy on Domestic Violence by Police Officers establishes the policy and procedures for handling IPV committed by police officers recognizing that federal law prohibits police officers convicted of qualifying misdemeanor IPV crimes from possessing firearms and states that officers found guilty of an IPV crime through criminal proceedings shall be:

terminated (ch11)

A mandatory reporter is a person required by law to report allegations and/or suspicions of abuse.

true

A statistically significant predictive relationship between internalized homophobia and the number of acts of physical violence and sexual coercion has been documented.

true

A status offense is an act that would not be an offense if it were committed by an adult.

true

According to family-based theories, violent behaviors are caused by the family structure and family interactions rather than by an individual within the family.

true

According to the NVAW, gay men were approximately twice as likely to be victimized by IPV compared to heterosexual males and females.

true

Childhood problems have been linked to the exposure to domestic violence. These range from increased aggression and hostility to anxiety and depression and cognitive impairment.

true

Elder abuse is defined an intentional act or failure to act that cause harm or risk serious harm to a vulnerable elder by a caregiver.

true

Gay and bisexual men report sexual assault at frequencies similar to heterosexual women during their college years, approximately one in every four.

true

Homophobia refers to the condemnation, loathing, fear, societal disdain, and religious rejection of all things homosexual and those who practice it.

true

Miscarriages, stillbirths, bladder infections, infertility, and the potential contraction of sexually transmitted diseases, including HIV, are specific gynecological consequences of intimate partner rape.

true

Obtaining a clear picture of maltreatment of the older adult in nursing homes is difficult due to the various agencies and definitions that are involved in investigating complaints.

true

Often the relationship is of value to an increasingly isolated elder, and threats of abandonment or commitment to an institution make the elder reluctant to follow through with criminal court proceedings.

true

One in four youth reports verbal, emotional, physical, or sexual dating violence each year.

true

Only recently have commercial sexual exploitation and sex trafficking of youth been categorized as forms of child abuse.

true

Parents rarely consider a babysitter as a potential perpetrator of sexual abuse; however, older children account for as much as 40% of the offenses committed in the child care context.

true

Prevalence of financial exploitation of older adults is exceptionally high.

true

Research and theory suggest that some forms of victimization increase the risk of juvenile criminal offending.

true

Sexually abused children face a higher probability of sexual victimization as an adult.

true

Substance abuse was significantly related to physical abuse in LGBTI abusive intimate relationships.

true

The National Violence Against Women Survey (NVAW) is the only national survey on intimate partner violence that does not exclude same-sex respondents.

true

Though same-sex IPV appears to mirror opposite IPV in both type in prevalence, its victims receive fewer legal protections.

true

Turning refers to a major transition in the life of a person when she or he takes on a new set of roles, enters into fresh relationships with a new set of people, and achieves a new self-concept.

true

One criterion for identifying a high-risk offender is that the suspect initiated three or more instances of violence in the preceding year.

true (ch11)

Results from the NCVS indicate that males are the majority of offenders of intimate partner violence and females are the primary victims.

true (ch11)