Chp 7 CHM 1045

98) Hydrogen is unique among the elements because __________. 1. It has only one valence electron. 2. It is the only element that can emit an atomic spectrum. 3. Its electron is not at all shielded from its nucleus. 4. It is the lightest element. 5. It is the only element to exist at room temperature as a diatomic gas. A) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 B) 1, 3, 4 C) 1, 2, 3, 4 D) 2, 3, 4 E) 3, 4

A) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5

97) Hydrogen is unique among the elements because __________. 1. It is not really a member of any particular group. 2. Its electron is not at all shielded from its nucleus. 3. It is the lightest element. 4. It is the only element to exist at room temperature as a diatomic gas. 5. It exhibits some chemical properties similar to those of groups 1A and 7A. A) 1, 2, 3, 5 B) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 C) 1, 4, 5 D) 3, 4 E) 2, 3, 4, 5

A) 1, 2, 3, 5

100) Astatine has a __________ density and a __________ atomic radius compared to iodine. A) greater; greater B) smaller; greater C) smaller; smaller D) greater; smaller E) equal; equal Answer: A

A) greater; greater

6) The first ionization energies of the elements __________ as you go from left to right across a period of the periodic table, and __________ as you go from the bottom to the top of a group in the table. A) increase, increase B) increase, decrease C) decrease, increase D) decrease, decrease E) are completely unpredictable

A) increase, increase

96) In nature, the noble gases exist as A) monatomic gaseous atoms B) the gaseous fluorides C) solids in rocks and in minerals D) alkali metal salts E) the sulfides Answer: A

A) monatomic gaseous atoms

101) Xenon has been shown to form compounds only when it is combined with __________. A) something with a tremendous ability to remove electrons from other substances B) another noble gas C) something with a tremendous ability to donate electrons to other substances D) an alkali metal E) an alkaline earth metal Answer: A

A) something with a tremendous ability to remove electrons from other substances

90) Which one of the following elements has an allotrope that is produced in the upper atmosphere by lightning? A) N B) O C) S D) Cl E) He Answer: B

B) O (OZONE)

99) Ozone is a (an) __________ of oxygen. A) isotope B) allotrope C) precursor D) peroxide E) free radical Answer: B

B) allotrope

5) In which orbital does an electron in a phosphorus atom experience the greatest shielding? A) 2p B) 3s C) 3p D) 3s E) 1s

C) 3p

89) Of the following statements, __________ is not true for oxygen. A) The most stable allotrope of oxygen is . B) The chemical formula of ozone is . C) Dry air is about 79% oxygen. D) Oxygen forms peroxide and superoxide anions. E) Oxygen is a colorless gas at room temperature. Answer: C

C) Dry air is about 79% oxygen.

84) All of the following are ionic compounds except __________. A) K2O B) NA2SO4 C) SIO2 D) LI3N E) NaCl Answer: C

C) SIO2

7) The __________ have the most negative electron affinities. A) alkaline earth metals B) alkali metals C) halogens D) transition metals E) chalcogens

C) halogens

91) In nature, sulfur is most commonly found in __________. A) pure elemental sulfur B) sulfur oxides C) metal sulfides D) sulfuric acid E) S

C) metal sulfides

95) Of the following elements, which have been shown to form compounds? helium neon argon krypton xenon A) xenon and argon B) xenon only C) xenon, krypton, and argon D) xenon and krypton E) None of the above can form compounds. Answer: C

C) xenon, krypton, and argon

75) Consider the general valence electron configuration of and the following statements: (i) Elements with this electron configuration are expected to form -1 anions. (ii) Elements with this electron configuration are expected to have large positive electron affinities. (iii) Elements with this electron configuration are nonmetals. (iv) Elements with this electron configuration form acidic oxides. A) (i) and (ii) B) (i), (ii), and (iii) C) (ii) and (iii) D) (i), (iii,) and (iv) E) All statements are true.

D) (i), (iii,) and (iv)

3) An electron in a(n) __________ subshell experiences the greatest effective nuclear charge in a many-electron atom. A) 3f B) 3p C) 3d D) 3s E) 4s

D) 3s

93) This element reacts with hydrogen to produce a gas with the formula HX. When dissolved in water, HX forms an acidic solution. X is __________, A) Na B) H C) C D) Br E) O

D) Br

76) Consider the following properties of an element: (i) It is solid at room temperature. (ii) It easily forms an oxide when exposed to air. (iii) When it reacts with water, hydrogen gas evolves. (iv) It must be stored submerged in oil. Which element fits the above description the best? A) sulfur B) copper C) mercury D) sodium E) magnesium Answer: D

D) sodium

94) The noble gases were, until relatively recently, thought to be entirely unreactive. Experiments in the early 1960s showed that Xe could, in fact, form compounds with fluorine. The formation of compounds consisting of Xe is made possible by __________. A) the availability of xenon atoms B) xenon's noble gas electron configuration C) the stability of xenon atoms D) xenon's relatively low ionization energy E) xenon's relatively low electron affinity Answer: D

D) xenon's relatively low ionization energy

4) A tin atom has 50 electrons. Electrons in the __________ subshell experience the lowest effective nuclear charge. A) 1s B) 3p C) 3d D) 5s E) 5p

E) 5p