CIS 1610-Chapter 13
Browser Windows (Tabs)
-opening a new tab is the same as opening a new browser window -you can open a separate web page in each tab and switch between them by simply clicking on the tab -only one tab can be active at any given time -to create a new tab: --click the new tab button -OR- --press CTRL + T -OR- --right-click the active tab and then click new tab -OR- --if the Menu bar is displayed, click File and then click New tab
DNS
-the Domain Name System (DNS) is a service that keeps track of which domain names are associated with a specific IP address -Domain names are text based and easy to remember -Every domain consists of DNS records which are stored in a DNS database -The DNS database is distributed/shared among DNS servers all over the Internet
What is the Internet?
-the internet is a vast global network comprised of many smaller networks -the Internet backbone is a series of high-speed networks owned and operated y Tier 1 providers (AT&T, Verizon, Sprint, CenturyLink, etc. in the US) -Tier 1 networks connect with one another at Internet Exchange Points (IXPs) -Consumers connect to the Internet through a local Internet Service Provider (Tier 2 or 3), who connects to a Tier 1 provider
File size and Connection Speed Considerations
-the speed of your Internet connection, and the file size of the elements on a web page directly affect your browsing experience
Meet the Browser!
-web browsers are software applications -they allow you to interact with web sites and experience multimedia -they provide a number of services -they are configurable
Handling Pop-ups -Internet Explorer
1. Click Tools, Internet Options, Privacy 2. Select or clear the Turn on Pop-up Blocker check box, or click settings to open the pop-up blocker settings dialog box -you can add web sites to the allowed sites list
Mouse Over
A mouse over is a special effect that displays when you pass or point your mouse over a specific object on the screen. Popular mouse over affects are to change the appearance of a button or link, or to display a drop-down menu.
Consider the following domain name: www.ccilearning.com. Which of the following is the top-level domain?
COM
Which keyboard combination will open a new browser tab?
CTRL + T
Add Bookmarks
Click star to bookmark the page, name the location and click done
Show Address
Click the (down arrow) button to display a history of the URLs
Security report
Click the Security report button (padlock) to view digital certificates and encryption information
Add Favorites (Edge and IE)
Click the Star to add a favorite to the list and save or in IE, click view favorites, click add to favorites, specify name and location, click add
Which service enables users to access web sites by domain name instead of by IP address?
DNS
Data Packets
Data is exchanged from computer to computer in a unit called a packet. A packet contains: -source device address -receiving device address -data payload (the information that you want to send/receive_ --images --documents --web pages --videos --email
Which of the following is a web browser?
Google Chrome
Which of the following statements is accurate?
HTML and CSS allows web page designers to separate content/structure from presentation
Drag and drop
HTML5 supports drag and drop. That is, you can drag an object from one play on a web page and drop it into another location
Delayed click or long press
Holding down the left mouse button on a link or clickable button generally has no result until you release the mouse button. On a touch screen device, however, a long press may open a shortcut menu, or it may select text and offer to copy the selection to the clipboard.
Ann visited a site last Tuesday which contained a meatloaf recipe that she really wants to try, but now she can't remember the URL. What should she do?
Look for the URL in the History folder
Double-click
Many users double-click links even though a single click is all that is necessary. if you double-click within the web page text, you can select a word. Sometimes double-clicking can cause difficulty when using an online store.
A Connected Community
Over the last 40 years, we have gone from standalone personal computers to a vast network of connected computers and devices.
Login page
Sites that allow access to secure areas usually provide a page for signing in to your account
Hardware
The internet is a physical collection of hardware -wires -routers -switches -microwave links -servers -communication protocols
What is the purpose of browser plug-ins and add-ons?
To extend the functionality of a browser
Web Standards
Web page/ web site standards include: -site home page -navigation bar -widgets -expected pages (about us, privacy policy, login page, online store) -mouse behavior
Search
enter your search criteria in the address bar and click the Search button or press ENTER
Understanding URLs-Path and Filenames in URLs
http://www.opera.com/browser/tutorials/mail/setup/#account-setup -#account-setup is a web page -/browser/tutorials/mail/setup is the path to the folder on the web server where the page is stored -www is the name of the web server -opera.com- is the registered domain name of the company that owns the web server .com indicates that it is a commercial enterprise
Cookies are:
text files
Your computer wants to send a request for a web page to the web server at CCI Learning.com. Which address information will your computer include in those packets?
the web server's IP address
Popular Browsers
-Microsoft Edge -Microsoft Internet Explorer -Mozilla Firefox -Google Chrome -Opera -Apple Safari
Site Home Page
-the "starting point" for a web site -contains links to all the other pages on the web site -not the same as a browser home page
Deleting the Browsing History
-when you delete your browsing history you can also delete temporary internet files, cookies and web site data, form data and stored passwords -to delete your browsing history in chrome, click customize and control google chrome, settings, show advanced settings, then in the privacy section, click clear browsing data -in internet explorer, click tools, point to safety, click delete browsing history, select the desired options in the delete browsing history dialog box, then click delete
Which of the following items would take the longest to download?
0.5 GB video
Handling Pop-ups-Chrome
1. Click customize and control Google chrome, settings, show advanced settings 2. click content settings, and scroll to the pop-ups section 3. to add exception, click manage exceptions
Which of the following data transfer speeds is the fastest?
700 Mbps
What can you surmise from the following URL: http://bountifulbaskets.com?
A user may be paying for a purchase
Kevin was paying bills in his online banking site when he was timed out without warning. What might he need to do the prevent this from happening in the future?
Adjust his pop-up blocker settings
Privacy Policy
Any site that collects personal information should provide a description of how they use your personal information
Introducing the Internet
Public Networks -the Internet is a public network -when you connect to the Internet, you also potentially connected to everyone else who is connected -in network diagrams, the Internet is represented by a cloud
Which action is usually used to select an option in a web site menu?
Single Click
Online Store
Sites that allow you to make purchases over the internet host online stores. These may be subsections of the main web site, or may be entirely separate sites that you can access from the main site.
About Us
This page gives information about the company that owns the web sites which often include contact information, links to social media pages, employment opportunities, and perhaps information about the company philosophy and its owners/directors.
What is the purpose of a browser cache?
To improve browser performance
Single Click
Use a single click to follow a link or click a button to perform an action
Pointing
When you hold the mouse pointer over some web elements you may be able to view the contents of a pull-down menu or the target of a hyperlink
Generic Top-Level Domains
-.com-Commercial Sites -.net-Commerical sites hosted by an Internet Service Provider (ISP) -.edu-Sites associated with academic and research organizations -.gov-Sites associated with a local, regional, or national government -.int- Sites associated with international organizations -mil- Sites associated with military organizations -.org- Sites associated with non-profit organizations
Understanding URLs
-A Uniform Resource Locator (URL) is the global address of a resource on the World Wide Web -There are 2 parts: a protocol identifier and a domain name http=Protocol Identifier www.ccilearning.com=domain name
Browsing History
-In chrome, click customize and control Google Chrome, point to history, then click history, to go to a site, click a link in the list. -in Internet Explorer, click view favorites, feeds, and history, then click the history tab, click a date to expand it so that it displays the sites visited on that day -In microsoft edge, click Hub, then click History, click the arrow beside a date to expand the list, and in the expanded list, click a site to visit it
Searching from the Address Bar
-Microsoft Edge and Internet Explorer, use Bing as the default search engine for address bar searches -Google chrome uses Google as its default search engine for address bar searches -to change the default in Chrome: -1. click Customize and control Google Chrome, then click settings -2. in the search section, click the drop-down arrow to the right of Google and select the search engine to use
Deleting Bookmarks/Favorites
-Right-click the bookmark on the Bookmarks bar or favorites bar, then click Delete from the shortcut menu, -OR- -open a bookmark management page or panel, click a bookmark to select it, then press Delete
DNS Domain Levels
-Root-level domain-the top of the hierarchy (represented by a dot), this domain contains entries for each top-level domain -top-level domains-.com, .net, .edu, and so on. Every domain name ends with a top-level domain label -Second-level domains-registered domain names such as Microsoft.com
Home Page and Start Page
-The Start Page displays when you open the browser -the Home Page is the page that displays whenever you click the Home button
Navigation Bar
-The primary means of navigation for a web site -similar to a table of contents for the site; it shows users what is on the site and provides a way to get them there
Routers
-Transmitted data is broken down into packets -Routers forward those packets to your ISP -ISP forwards them to another router along the Internet and through different interconnecting networks along the way until it reaches the network where the target server exists -Routers determine the best path -High speed Internet backbone routers transmit the vast amounts of data that stream through the Internet backbone
Specifying a Network Connection Type
-When you connect to a trusted network, specify the connection type as Private, this will make your PC discoverable -When you connect to a public network, specify the network connection type as public --public networks may allow users with viruses or malware
Hyperlinks
-a hyperlink is a reference to data that is located somewhere other than the present location -hyperlinks are HTML elements defined with a <a> tag; they take the form: <a href= "url"> link text<a/a> example: <a href="http://www.ccilearning.com".visis CCI learning </a>
HTML
-a standardized language used to create web pages -pages are built using HTML elements, which consist of tags enclosed in angle brackets -most HTML tags are written in pairs: an opening tag and the closing tag
What is the World Wide Web?
-a system of interlinked documents that are accessible on the Internet -if you can type its address in a web browser to get to it, it is part of the Web -if you can click a hyperlink to get to it, it is part of the Web
Breadcrumbs
-a type of secondary navigation scheme that shows the user's location in a website -usually, they display as text links separated by > or / to separate the levels and indicate the level of a particular page relative to the page links beside it
What exactly is a Web Page?
-a web page is a document created with hypertext markup language (HTML) -usually, web pages contain hyperlinks to other web pages -a collection of related web pages is called a web site
Manage Bookmarks
-browsers include bookmark management tools -use these tools to create new bookmark folders and to move or delete bookmarks -most of them work like the panes in File Explorer; you can drag and drop bookmarks, and right-click to open shortcut menus -most include wizards to help you import bookmarks from other browsers
Hyperlinks in the Browser
-hyperlinks often display as underlined or colored text -can also display as pictures or icons -the mouse pointer changes to (a hand icon) when is is positioned on a hyperlink -click the hyperlink to move to its target
Settings
-in Microsoft Edge, click More (...) and then click Settings in the menu -in Google Chrome, click Customize and Control Google Chrome and then click Settings -In Internet Explorer, click Tools, then click Internet options
Controlling Cookies
-in internet explorer, from the privacy tab of the internet options dialog box, in the settings area, click sites to configure cookie-handling for specific web sites, or click advanced to specify whether to accept, block, or prompt when encountering cookies -in Microsoft edge, click more, settings, view advanced settings, then in the cookies section, display the drop-down list to make a selection -in chrome, click customize and control Google chrome, settings, show advanced settings, then in the privacy section, click content settings; make a selection or click manage exceptions to create a cookie exception list.
CSS
-presentational attributes (such as font size or boldface) are defined in Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) -CSS allows you to keep content separate from presentation -the browser reads the HTML document for content and the style sheet for formatting as it renders the page
Widgets
-small self-contained programs that run inside a container on a web page -the content for a widget comes from an outside source -widgets display live, dynamic content
Extending Browser Functionality
Browser extending technologies include plug-ins/add-ons, and in-browser apps -Plug-ins generally have a file type associated with them --when you visit a web site and your browser encounters a file type that it cannot natively support, you may be prompted to download and install a plug-in so you can properly experience everything on the web page -Add-ons are browser-specific applications that modify the browser interface; examples include a Google search toolbar or a firefox theme -in-browser apps are web-based extensions designed to extend the functionality of a browser by linking it to a web service
Refresh/Go
Click the Refresh button (half circle with an arrow on one end) to re-display or refresh the contents of the current web page. The Go to button (right arrow) displays in the address bar while you are typing in a web site address. You can click Go instead of pressing ENTER to go to the site.
Stop
Click the stop button (X) to halt the downloading of information for a web page
Finding Computers on the Internet
IP Address Review -IPv4 uses dotted quad notation -66.235.120.127 is a sample IPv4 address
Understanding Domain Names
www.ccilearning.com www=server name ccilearning=Registered Domain Name com=top-level domain name
