Civil Rights Test

De jure segregation is segregation that results from ___. A. Laws. B. Random choice. C. Habit and custom. D. Inequalities in education.

A

In the 1920s and 1930s, the NAACP had success in challenging A. Segregation laws. B. Labor unions. C. Economic inequality. D. Bus companies.

A

Many women rejected the women's movement because they A. Preferred traditional roles B. Thought it was too weak to succeed C. Thought it was too easy on men D. Wanted to achieve equality on their own

A

Opposition to civil rights reform in the 1960's is best illustrated by A. Police action in Birmingham, Alabama B. President Kennedy's actions C. Northern members of Congress D. All of the above

A

The Freedom Rides were organized to test A. A Supreme Court decision. B. The safety of buses. C. A congressional decree. D. The character of local police officers.

A

The black power movement taught that African Americans should A. Separate from white society and lead their own communities. B. Strive to end segregation with boycotts and strikes. C. Emigrate back to Africa, similar to Marcus Garvey. D. Use nonviolent protest to bring about change.

A

The greatest achievement of the NAACP during the Civil Rights movement was winning the Brown v. Board of Education decision which A. Ordered public schools to desegregate. B. Allowed black-white marriages. C. Ended segregation of transportation. D. Protected blacks rights to vote.

A

The modern feminist movement became more organized and focused after the A. Passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. B. Publication of the Feminine Mystique. C. Publication of the first issue of Ms. magazine. D. Founding of the National Women's Political Caucus.

A

This organization goals were equal rights through gradual change using nonviolent protest based on Gandhi's philosophy of non-violent civil disobedience. A. SCLC B. SNCC C. NAACP D. CORE

A

Unlike the early civil rights leaders, Malcolm X believed strongly that A. The races should be separated. B. African Americans should copy whites. C. School should be fully integrated. D. African Americans should move to Mecca.

A

Urban rioting by blacks from1964 to 1968 occurred where and was a result of? A. The south, frustration with discriminationin jobs, education, and lack of voting rights B. The north, frustration with dis crimination in jobs, education and police brutality C. The south, young blacks becoming frustrated with SCLC's peaceful civil disobedience D. The north, Martin Luther King and Malcom X's assassinations

A

Use the following quotation from a Supreme Court decision to answer the following question. "We conclude that in the field of public education the doctrine of "separate but equal" has no place. Separate educational facilities are inherently unequal." The decision was based on the idea that segregated schools are likely to A. Cause members of a minority to feel socially inferior. B. Experience unnecessary administrative problems. C. Place excessive burdens on school transportation. D. Require unfair increases in school taxes.

A

Which group was founded specifically to address the grievances of women that were not adequately addressed by the Civil Rights Act of 1964? A. National Organization for Women B. New Right C. New Left D. Ohio Women's Suffrage Association

A

Which of the following was NOT a result of Governor Faubus opposing the desegregation of Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas in 1957? A. President Eisenhower refused to intervene fearing a loss of southern political support B. The NAACP supporting Little Rock Nine throughout their yearlong experience at Central High C. President Eisenhower sending in the army to protect the nine black students D. White segregationalists harassed the nine black students the entire school year

A

Which of the following was not advocated by the Black Panthers? A. Nonviolence B. Black Power C. Black nationalism D. Community development

A

Why was ratification of the Equal Rights Amendment important to NOW members? A. It would provide a legal guarantee of equal opportunities for women B. It would legalize "conciousness-raising" groups C. It would outlaw legal segregation D. It would prohibit discrimination based on race

A

Who started the Black Panthers? A. Huey B Newton B. Bobby Seale C. Malcolm X D. James Meredith E. Elaine Brown

A & B

According to the Kerner Commission, what was the main cause of urban violence? A. White racism. B. School segregation. C. Black nationalism. D. De jure segregation.

A & C

Appealing to many African Americans' anger and frustration over a lack of social and economic power, ___ preached a militant approach to civil rights. A. Martin Luther King, Jr. B. Malcolm X C. Medgar Evars. D. Fannie Lou Hamer.

B

At first, President Kennedy moved slowly on civil rights issues to avoid A. Promoting the Freedom Rides. B. Offending the southern Democratic senators. C. Upsetting Martin Luther King, Jr. D. Embarrassing Soviet leader Khrushchev.

B

One accomplishment of the ____ was bringing about a federal ban on segregation in all interstate travel facilities. A. Little Rock Nine. B. Freedom riders. C. Black Panthers. D. Freedom summer.

B

One legacy of the civil rights movement that has been challenged in recent years is ____. A. Equal opportunity in housing. B. Affirmative action programs. C. Black participation in politics. D. Separate but equal facilities.

B

Phyllis Schlafly became well known for her efforts to A. Get the Equal Rights Amendment ratified. B. Defeat the Equal Rights Amendment. C. Organize radical demonstrations for women's rights. D. Reverse the Supreme Court's decision in Roe v. Wade.

B

Sit-ins were primarily conducted by A. Church groups. B. Students. C. Black WWII veterans. D. The NAACP.

B

Stokely Carmichael called on African Americans to support A. The Nation of Islam. B. Black power. C. Sit-ins. D. None of these.

B

The "I Have a Dream" speech of Martin Luther King, Jr., during the March on Washington, in August 1963, appealed to African Americans because A. It coined the phrase "black pride" B. Many had long been deprived of their civil rights C. It caused nostalgia for life in the Old South D. It called for a violent revolution

B

The Civil Rights Act of 1968 banned discrimination in which activity? A. Hiring an employee B. Selling or renting a home. C. Awarding a construction contract. D. Admitting students to state universities.

B

The Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) was organized by A. Young African Americans. B. African American clergyman. C. Pacifists D. White and African American businessmen.

B

The brutality against blacks in Birmingham prompted Kennedy to A. Vote for a fair housing bill. B. Propose a strong civil rights bill. C. Jail several southern Democratic senators. D. Release Martin Luther King on bail.

B

The conservative reaction to the counterculture A. Was largely ineffective. B. Helped propel Richard M. Nixon into the White House. C. Set the nation on a more liberal course. D. Posed a danger to traditional values.

B

This ogranization focused on recruiting young activist and pushing for immediate change A. SCLC B. SNCC C. NAACP D. CORE

B

What was the main type of pressure exerted by the Montgomery Improvement Association in response to segregation on buses? A. Social B. Econmic C. Political D. Physical force

B

Which doctrine relating to public education was overturned by the Supreme Court decision in Brown v. Board of Education? A. Due process of law. B. "separate but equal". C. "all deliberate speed". D. Equal protection of the law.

B

Which of the following was a result of the civil rights movement? A. The federal government rebuilt the nation's ghettos. B. De facto segregation ended in the North. C. Racism in the South came to an end. D. Thousands of African Americans could vote for the first time.

B

A major turning point in the civil rights movement was marked by ____. A. The conversion of Malcolm X to orthodox Islam. B. The drifting apart of SNCC and SCLC. C. The assassination of Martin Luther King, Jr. D. The assassination of Robert Kennedy.

C

All of the following resulted from the civil rights movement EXCEPT A. Making segregation illegal. B. Opening the political process to more African Americans. C. Eliminating poverty for African Americans in the U.S. D. Giving African Americans a new sense of ethnic pride.

C

Cesar Chavez used nonviolent means to organize Mexican-American A. Voters B. Students C. Farm workers D. Factory workers

C

Civil rights activists used this technique to force segregated establishments (businesses) to serve African Americans. A. Freedom rides. B. Boycotts. C. Sit-ins. D. The March on Washington.

C

In what way were CORE and SCLC alike? A. Both relied on militant tactics. B. Both were founded by church leaders. C. Both promoted nonviolent protest. D. Neither was interracial.

C

Martin Luther King, Jr., was a founder and the first president of the ___. A. Nation of Islam. B. Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party. C. Southern Christian Leadership Committee. D. Students Nonviolent Coordinating Committee.

C

One example of the shift in attitudes brought about by the Women's movement was a significant change in A. Racial discrimination B. Men's treatment of women C. Women's career goals D. Homemaking tasks

C

The 1965 Voting Rights Act was a result primarily of A. President Kennedy's support B. The March on Washington and the Selma March C. Mississippi Freedom Summer and the Selma March D. The murders of civil rights workers: Chaney, Goodman, and Schwerner

C

To achieve victory in the struggle for civil rights, Martin L. King, Jr., and other members of SCLC encouraged a policy of A. Armed confrontation. B. Lawsuits. C. Nonviolent protest. D. National strikes.

C

Which of the following affirmed the legality of racial segregation and prompted the passage of the Jim Crow laws? A. The Fourteenth Amendment B. The Civil Rights Act of 1875 C. The decision in Plessy v. Ferguson D. The decision in Morgan v. Virginia

C

Which of the following is NOT considered a force that weakened the counterculture movement? A. Violent incidents. B. The effects of drug use. C. Transcendental meditation. D. Dependency on mainstream America.

C

Which of the following is an example of de facto segregation? A. Poll taxes. B. Jim Crow Laws. C. A concentration of urban African Americans in slum areas. D. A voter literacy test given to African Americans in the South.

C

Which of the following was NOT an effect of the Civil Rights movement? A. Black pride and black studies programs in schools B. Gauranteed right to vote C. Poverty in urban ghettos D. An increase in elected black officials

C

Which of the following was a government response to the Freedom Rides? A. Justice Department would sue transportation facilities that continued to segregate. B. Attorney General Kennedy stopped the Freedom Rides halfway along their route. C. Attorney General Kennedy had federal marshals escort the Freedom Rides to their finish. D. Attorney General Kennedy refused to support the Freedom Rides and had them arrested.

C

Which of the following was not a result of the Birmingham protests? A. City facilities were desegregated. B. Fairer hiring practices were instituted. C. White churches in the city fully supported equal rights for blacks in all areas. D. An interracial commission was established in Birmingham to aid in communication.

C

Which of the following women was the most outspoken critic of the women's movement? A. Gloria Steinem B. Helen Reddy C. Phyllis Schlafly D. Aileen Fernandez

C

"we will match your capacity to inflict suffering with our capacity to endure suffering... we will not hate you, but we cannot obey your unjust laws..." Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. The above quotation advocates: A. Segregation. B. Anarchy. C. Prohibition. D. Civil disobedience.

D

After Freedom Riders were violently attacked in Alabama, they A. Moved the protest to Chicago. B. Armed themselves for protection. C. Abandoned the protest. D. Received federal protection.

D

An analysis of the civil rights leadership of Martin Luther King Jr., Stokely Carmichael, and Malcolm X would show that each A. Received the greatest support from African Americans in the rural south. B. Believed in the philosophy of passive resistance. C. Rejected help from white supporters. D. Chose a different method to try to achieve racial justice.

D

Martin Luther King, Jr., influenced by Gandhi, believed in A. "an eye for an eye". B. Violent revolution. C. Fighting back only if struck first. D. Nonviolent protest.

D

The Civil Rights Act of 1964 made segregation illegal in which of the following? A. Housing. B. Churches. C. Private universities. D. Public accommodations.

D

The Congress of Racial Equality pursued its goals through A. Women's church groups. B. Bold newspaper advertisements. C. Congressional committees. D. Peaceful confrontation.

D

The Equal Rights Amendment passed Congress in 1972 and then A. Was vetoed by the President B. Was approved by the Supreme Court C. Became law 10 years later D. Failed in the ratification process

D

The Freedom Rides main purpose was A. To desegregate interstate busses. B. Desegregate restaurant chains. C. Desegregate bus waiting rooms. D. Test southern states compliance with the Supreme Court ruling.

D

The event that was most repsonsible for Cesar Chavez's group gaining negotiating power was A. A strike B. A protest march C. An act of Congress D. A national boycott

D

The members of the counterculture movement were mostly A. Entertainers, artists, and musicians. B. Latinos and Native Americans. C. Poor urban youth. D. White, middle-class college youths.

D

The sit-ins protested segregation in A. Lunch counters. B. Busses. C. Trains. D. All of these.

D

The women's movement was divided over A. Abortion B. Other women rejecting radical feminist's goals C. Radical feminist's rejection of men and marriage D. All of these

D

Use the following quotation from a Supreme Court decision to answer the following question. "We conclude that in the field of public education the doctrine of "separate but equal" has no place. Separate educational facilities are inherently unequal." This quotation expresses the decision in the case of A. Plessy v. Ferguson B. Virginia v. Loving C. Korematsu v. United States D. Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka

D

Which action in U.S. history is an example of civil disobedience? A. The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People sued the state of Kansas for violating the constitutional rights of public school students. B. The congress of racial equality supported legal segregation of buses and trains in the south. C. The Southern Christian Leadership Conference organized a boycott in Montgomery, Alabama, until transportation facilities were integrated. D. Rosa Parks refused to give up her bus seat to a white man.

D

Whom did conservatives blame for the increasing permissiveness in American society? A. Women and minorities. B. Democrats. C. The Beatles. D. Campus rebels and the counterculture.

D