CJ 12 Jails and Prison

Jack is incarcerated in the Southwest State Prison. He has been there for the past 12 years and has over 30 years left on his sentence. While incarcerated, his communication with his family has been restricted; most notably, any letters that he has attempted to send that criticize the conditions of the prison have been censored. If Jack were to argue that his First Amendment rights are being violated, he would cite the U.S. Supreme Court decision in:

Procunier v.Martinez

Bob has been incarcerated in California for the past five years. During his sentence, he could have monthly visits with his wife where they were given a private trailer on the prison grounds. Bob has been granted a ________ visit with his wife.

conjugal

Which of the following is an explanation for the rapid increase in the population of female inmates in the United States?

A)The "get tough" sentencing movement B)The drug epidemic C)Mandatory sentencing policies All of these answers are correct.

Foreign-born offenders are often infected with:

tuberculosis (TB).

Less than ________ percent of prisoners escape from U.S.prisons.

A)0.1 B)5 C)1 D)10

The majority of the cost of confining senior citizens in prisons and jails can be attributed to:

health care.

Most women are incarcerated for ________ crimes.

Drug

Which of the following offenses would likely result in an inmate being placed in a supermax prison?

Raping and severely assaulting another inmate while incarcerated

Many states impose restrictions on convicted felons after they are released from prison. Which of the following is one of these restrictions?

A)On the right to run for public office B)On the right to carry a gun C)On the right to vote Answer: All of these

If you were charged with a minor offense and sentenced to less than one year of incarceration, you would most likely be incarcerated in a:

jail.

The Attica Prison riot can be attributed to:

desire for reform by prisoners.

The case of Cooper v. Pate gave inmates the right to:

file civil lawsuits against prison authorities.

In 2011,there were approximately ________ inmates in state prisons across the United States.

1,404,000 Its actually around 1,316,000

Approximately ________ of incarcerated women have minor children (under the age of 18).

65%

Women make up approximately ________ percent of state and federal inmates in the United States.

7%

Some groups have suggested that an inmate's time in solitary confinement should be limited to ________ days.

90

Which of the following statements best describes supermax prisons?

A) Cells are soundproof. B) Security is essential. C)Inmates are usually kept in their cells for 23-24 hours a day. Answer) All of these answers are correct.

Which of the following situations would be an example of deliberate indifference?

Prison officials are aware of inmates who are suffering from HIV/AIDS but refuse to provide them with the proper course of treatment and as a result, four inmates die while in custody because of the lack of proper medical care.

________ is the degree of danger associated with the inmates being housed in a prison.

Security Level

Prison gangs are also referred to as:

Securiy Threat Groups

Jack and his cellmate, Vlad, get into an argument one day. Jack assaults Vlad and is put into solitary confinement. Because he has been targeted, Vlad is also removed from the general population. It is likely that Vlad is placed into:

administrative segregation

Most male inmates divide themselves by:

race

Many inmates who are raped in prison do not report these rapes. The reluctance of rape victims to report their victimization and the general underreporting of rape incidents can be attributed to:

A)fear of retaliation. B)the refusal of correctional officers to report the rape to authorities. C)embarrassment. Answer: All of these.

Women's prisons often differ from men's prisons in:

A)that they are less violent. B)that there is less sexual aggression. C)that homosexual activity is usually consensual. Answer: all of these.

Suppose you are incarcerated in state prison. You are curious about the inmate subculture and inmate code that you keep hearing about and ask some other inmates about it. You also ask them to explain why they think an inmate subculture forms. One inmate, Frank, explains to you that all the things that inmates are deprived of when they are incarcerated, such as freedom, personal liberty, heterosexual relationships, and security, forcing inmates to create their own subculture. However, another inmate, Carl, disagrees with Frank. He argues that this subculture does not develop in prison; rather, he argues that inmates already hold the values of the prison code on the outside and bring them to prison with them. The process of developing the inmate subculture that Carl is referring to is the:

importation model

If you have committed a serious crime and have not been granted bail, you will most likely be held in a ________ while awaiting trial.

jail

As a response to the sexual abuse of male and female inmates, President George W. Bush signed the ________ into law in 2003.

Prison Rape Elimination Act

Steve, Brandon, and Dylan are three friends who have been convicted of burglary. After their sentencing, they are all sent to a prison where they take many tests to determine their programming needs. After they complete these tests, they are each sent to a different prison. Steve does not have a prior prison record and is considered a nonviolent offender, so he is sent to a prison where he resides in a dormitory-style housing unit and has a great deal of freedom of movement. Brandon, like Steve, does not have a prior prison record and is sent to a prison where he must share his cell with another inmate, and he does not have very many opportunities for educational or vocational programs. Dylan is considered a high security risk given his prior record and his behavior while he was on bail awaiting trial. He is sent to a prison where he is subjected to a count at least four times a day and spends very little time outside of his cell. The testing process that Steve, Brandon, and Dylan go through after being sentenced is referred to as:

Classification

The process of determining which inmates go to which institutions and what the specific conditions of their confinement will be is referred to as:

Classification

Beginning in the 1950s, most of the mental health hospitals in the United States were closed, and mentally ill individuals were returned to the community. The process of closing mental hospitals and returning the mentally ill to the community is called:

Deinstitutionalization.

Over half of the inmates sentenced to federal prison have been convicted of a ________ offense.

Drug

Jack is incarcerated in the Southwest State Prison. He has been there for the past 12 years and has over 30 years left on his sentence. While incarcerated, his communication with his family has been restricted; most notably, any letters that he has attempted to send that criticize the conditions of the prison have been censored. Further, he has not been allowed to practice his religion because it is not a commonly practiced religion in the United States. If Jack were to sue prison officials, he would to argue that his __________ Amendment rights are being violated.

First

Which of the following inmates are most likely to be housed in a supermax prison?

Gang members

The most common educational requirement for correctional officers is a:

High School Diploma

Which of the following statements best describes inmates' First Amendment rights with respect to freedom of religion?

In general,inmates may practice their religion while in prison as long as their religious practices do not compromise the security and safety of the prison.

The most common formal sanction for criminal behavior is

Incarceration

________ is confinement against one's will in the criminal justice system (in a jail or prison)or a mental health facility (a secure psychiatric institution).

Incarceration

Which group of inmates is considered to be at the bottom of the hierarchy of prison society?

Inmates convicted of sex offenses

A ________ is a municipal or regional facility that houses pretrial individuals believed to present a risk of danger or flight, those awaiting probation or parole revocation, and those sentenced to less than 1-year incarceration.

Jail

Jack and Jill have both been convicted of possession of illegal drugs and have been sentenced. Jack is sentenced to 9 months of incarceration, while Jill has been sentenced to 18 months of incarceration. Jack will most likely serve his sentence in a:

Jail

There are three main ways in which drugs enter prison. Which of the following is NOT among them?

Mail

Steve, Brandon, and Dylan are three friends who have been convicted of burglary. After their sentencing, they are all sent to a prison where they take many tests to determine their programming needs. After they complete these tests, they are each sent to a different prison. Steve does not have a prior prison record and is considered a nonviolent offender, so he is sent to a prison where he resides in a dormitory-style housing unit and has a great deal of freedom of movement. Brandon, like Steve, does not have a prior prison record and is sent to a prison where he must share his cell with another inmate, and he does not have very many opportunities for educational or vocational programs. Dylan is considered a high-security risk given his prior record and his behavior while he was on bail awaiting trial. He is sent to a prison where he is subjected to a count at least four times a day and spends very little time outside of his cell. Dylan has been sentenced to a ________-security prison.

Maximum

Prisons guarded by correctional officers on patrol and in gun towers, with electronic locking systems and massive concrete walls, are most likely to be ________ prisons.

Maximum-Security

John Smith has been convicted of a nonviolent drug crime and has been sentenced to 18 to 24 months in prison. He does not have a prior record and is considered a low security risk. John will most likely be held in a ________ prison.

Minimum-Security

There are ________ people with HIV/AIDS in prisons and jails as/than in the general population of the United States.

More

jack and Jill both have been convicted of possession of illegal drugs and have been sentenced. Jack is sentenced to 9 months of incarceration, while Jill has been sentenced to 18 months of incarceration. Jill will most likely serve her sentence in a

Prison

Steve,Brandon,and Dylan are three friends who have been convicted of burglary.After their sentencing,they are all sent to a prison where they take many tests to determine their programming needs.After they complete these tests,they are each sent to a different prison.Steve does not have a prior prison record and is considered a nonviolent offender,so he is sent to a prison where he resides in a dormitory-style housing unit and has a great deal of freedom of movement.Brandon,like Steve,does not have a prior prison record and is sent to a prison where he must share his cell with another inmate,and he does not have very many opportunities for educational or vocational programs.Dylan is considered a high security risk given his prior record and his behavior while he was on bail awaiting trial.He is sent to a prison where he is subjected to a count at least four times a day and spends very little time outside of his cell.While incarcerated,Dylan is continually in trouble and commits many disciplinary infractions.He also severely injures his cellmate when they get into an argument one day.Prison administrators ultimately determine that he cannot remain in general population and transfer him to a prison where he spends his days alone in his cell and has very little time outside of his cell.He has little or no contact with other inmates or corrections officers.Dylan has been transferred to a ________-security prison.

SuperMax Security

From 1970 to 1991,the U.S. Supreme Court:

Supported the constitutional rights of inmates.

The Supreme Court ruled that the prohibition against cruel and unusual punishment is not applicable to overcrowding because:

The standard implies intent on the part of the perpetrator.

________ women make up the largest percentage of female inmates in the United States.

White

You are a member of the Aryan Brotherhood, and prison administrators want to segregate you and your fellow members from the general population of the prison. As a result, they place all known members of the Aryan Brotherhood in a special location in the prison, often called:

a gang block.

According to a study conducted in 2013,the majority of jail inmates:

are awaiting arraignment or trial.

The first stop in the risk classification process of an inmate is a:

classification facility

Suppose you are incarcerated in state prison. You are curious about the inmate subculture and inmate code that you keep hearing about and ask some other inmates about it. You also ask them to explain why they think an inmate subculture forms. One inmate, Frank, explains to you that all the things that inmates are deprived of when they are incarcerated, such as freedom, personal liberty, heterosexual relationships, and security, forcing inmates to create their own subculture. However, another inmate, Carl, disagrees with Frank. He argues that this subculture does not develop in prison; rather, he argues that inmates already hold the values of the prison code on the outside and bring them to prison with them. The process of developing the inmate subculture that Frank is referring to is the:

deprivation model.

The U.S. Supreme Court case of Wolff v. McDonnell held that inmates had due process rights when they were facing placement in solitary confinement and when they were:

facing loss of good time credits.

The most common form of sexual abuse of female inmates is:

forced sex with male staff.

The British have moved away from solitary confinement and developed a strategy to prevent violence in prisons rather than simply punishing inmates after they have committed a violent act. If you are incarcerated in a British prison, you most likely:

have ample opportunities to participate in work and educational programs and mental health treatment.

Upon entering prison, most inmates go through a process where they learn and adopt the values and norms of the prison. Some of these values and norms include not portraying themselves as weak or needy, not associating with corrections officers, and not snitching on others. The norms and values of prisons that inmates learn is referred to as the:

inmate code.

Jack is incarcerated in the Southwest State Prison. He has been there for the past 12 years and has over 30 years left on his sentence. While incarcerated, his communication with his family has been restricted; most notably, any letters that he has attempted to send that criticize the conditions of the prison have been censored. Further, he has not been allowed to practice his religion because it is not a commonly practiced religion in the United States. Because Jack has been incarcerated for so long, it is likely that he will face great difficulty in integrating back into society. The difficulty of inmates in reintegrating is referred to as:

institutionalization.

Steve, Brandon, and Dylan are three friends who have been convicted of burglary. After their sentencing, they are all sent to a prison where they take many tests to determine their programming needs. After they complete these tests, they are each sent to a different prison. Steve does not have a prior prison record and is considered a nonviolent offender, so he is sent to a prison where he resides in a dormitory-style housing unit and has a great deal of freedom of movement. Brandon, like Steve, does not have a prior prison record and is sent to a prison where he must share his cell with another inmate, and he does not have very many opportunities for educational or vocational programs. Dylan is considered a high-security risk given his prior record and his behavior while he was on bail awaiting trial. He is sent to a prison where he is subjected to a count at least four times a day and spends very little time outside of his cell. Brandon has been sentenced to a ________-security prison.

medium

Steve, Brandon, and Dylan are three friends who have been convicted of burglary. After their sentencing, they are all sent to a prison where they take many tests to determine their programming needs. After they complete these tests, they are each sent to a different prison. Steve does not have a prior prison record and is considered a nonviolent offender, so he is sent to a prison where he resides in a dormitory-style housing unit and has a great deal of freedom of movement. Brandon, like Steve, does not have a prior prison record and is sent to a prison where he must share his cell with another inmate, and he does not have very many opportunities for educational or vocational programs. Finally, Dylan is considered to be a high-security risk given his prior record and his behavior while he was on bail awaiting trial. He is sent to a prison where he is subjected to a count at least four times a day and spends very little time outside of his cell. Steve has been sentenced to a ________-security prison.

minimum

Upon entering prison, most inmates go through a process where they learn and adopt the values and norms of the prison. Some of these values and norms include not portraying themselves as weak or needy, not associating with corrections officers, and to always be suspicious of the motives of others. The process of learning these norms and values is called:

prisonization.

Unlike men, women develop emotional bonds with other inmates; they often develop ________ while they are incarcerated.

pseudo-families

The most common form of treatment for mentally ill inmates is:

psychotropic medications.

Jack and his cellmate, Vlad, get into an argument one day. Jack assaults Vlad and is put into solitary confinement. Because he was the aggressor and assaulted Vlad, it is likely that Jack is placed into:

punitive segregation.

Many foreign-born offenders are incarcerated due to:

residing in the United States without lawful documentation

Steve is a convicted sex offender who has been in prison for 15 years. His sentence is completed, but authorities are worried that he might commit future sex offenses. Because of this fear, Steve is released from prison and held in an institution indefinitely. Steve has been:

sent into a civil commitment program.

Tom overhears another inmate talking about his girlfriend and referring to her as a "mule." If this inmate's girlfriend is a mule, she most likely:

smuggles drugs into the prison.

The agency that deports criminal aliens from the United States is:

the U.S. Bureau of Immigration and Customs Enforcement.

The fastest-growing group of inmates in state prisons consists of:

those over 55 years of age.