Clinical Chemistry-Protein
Mary's total protein is 7.5 g/dL and her albumin is 4.2 g/dL. What is her A/G ratio?
1.3
Protein is approximately _______ nitrogen.
16%
A protein can be made up of a maximum of _________ different amino acids.
20
A polypeptide has to have more than ______ amino acids.
5
Board Review Question: A 24-hr urine specimen (total volume = 1136 mL) is submitted to the laboratory for quantitative urine protein. Calculate the amount of protein excreted per day if the total protein is 52 mg/dL
591 mg
Bromcresol Green (BCG) may be used in the dye-binding assay of:
Albumin
Why do patients with Waldenström's macroglobulinemia sometimes develop hyperviscosity syndrome?
All of these are correct.
Which of the following protein deficiencies causes liver cirrhosis?
Alpha-1-antitrypsin
Board Review Question: Which of the following serum proteins migrates with the beta-globulins on cellulose acetate at a pH of 8.6?
C3 complement
Which condition is associated with fusion of the β-ϒ bridging?
Cirrhosis
Ceruloplasmin is an α 2-globulin that contains:
Copper
Hyperalbuminemia is caused by:
Dehydration syndromes.
Which of the following is true regarding proteins and enzymes?
Enzymes are found in lower concentrations than proteins seen on serum protein electrophoresis.
Which of these proteins prevents the loss of hemoglobin and its iron through the kidneys?
Haptoglobin.
Which of these proteins removes heme from circulation?
Hemopexin
Which ϒ-globulin is found in secretions?
IgA
_____ is found in abundance in body secretions.
IgA
Which ϒ-globulin is increased in allergies?
IgE
Which is the most abundant ϒ-globulin?
IgG
Which of the following is true regarding prealbumin?
It functions to bind thyroid hormones.
What is the clinical significance of testing for prealbumin?
Low levels indicate compromised nutritional status
Which of the following conditions is associated with an elevated total protein?
Malignancy
High serum total protein but low albumin is usually seen in:
Multiple myeloma.
The chemical bonds between amino acids in the primary structure of proteins are:
Peptide bonds.
The structure of a protein that is determined by the sequence of amino acids in the polypeptide chain is the:
Primary structure.
Which metal is involved in Wilson's disease?
There is excess copper that can be deposited into the liver and central nervous system.
The principal protein for transport of iron from the intestine to the liver, bone marrow, or spleen for storage is:
Transferrin.
Oligoclonal bands in the CSF are indicative of
a disease associated with the demyelation of the myelin sheath.
The definition of microalbuminuria is
a slightly above-normal level of urine albumin.
Board Review Question: Bromcresol purple at a pH of 5.2 is used in a colorimetric method to measure
albumin
Which of these proteins is important in colloidal osmotic pressure and water balance?
albumin
Which of these conditions can cause hypoalbuminemia?
all of the above
Which of these proteins neutralizes leukocyte elastase and collagenase?
alpha 1 antitrypsin
Which of these proteins is associated with Down's syndrome, Trisomy 18 and neural tube defects?
alpha fetoprotein
Board Review Question: A characteristic of the Bence-Jones protein that is used to distinguish it from other urinary proteins is its solubility
at 100 degrees Celsius
Board Review Question: Most chemical methods for determining total protein utilize which of the following reactions?
biuret
Board Review Question: Serum haptoglobin
can be separated into two distinct phenotypes by starch gel electrophoresis
Board Review Question: Which of the following amino acids is associated with a sulfhydryl group?
cysteine
Board Review Question: Increased serum albumin concentrations are seen in which of the following conditions?
dehydration
Board Review Question: The identification of Bence-Jones protein is best accomplished by
immunofixation
Board Review Question: The primary function of serum albumin in the peripheral blood is to
maintain colloid osmotic pressure
Overexpression of one B-cell clone is termed
monoclonal gammopathy.
Multiple myeloma is characterized by all of the following except
multiple sclerosis.
Essential amino acids
must be obtained from our diet
Which element does protein contain that is not present in carbohydrates or lipids?
nitrogen
Board Review Question: The biuret reaction for the analysis of serum protein depends on the number of
peptide bonds
What links amino acids together?
peptide bonds
Which one of these protein structures is determined by the sequence of amino acids?
primary structure
The heme moiety of hemoglobin is an example of a
prostetic group.
Which one of these protein structures is determined by arrangement of two or more polypeptides?
quaternary structure
Which one of these protein structures is determined by the interaction of adjacent amino acids and the formation of hydrogen bonds?
secondary structure
In blood of healthy subjects, _____ are seen in CSF protein electrophoresis but not typically in serum protein electrophoresis.
tau band and prealbumin
Which one of these protein structures is determined by the the way the protein chain folds back upon itself?
tertiary structure
What distingishes one amino acid from another?
the radical group
Which one of these is a primary function of proteins in our body?
transport
Board Review Question: Maple syrup urine disease is characterized by an increase in which of the following urinary amino acids?
valine, leucine, and isoleucine
A decrease in this protein will result in an emphysema-like condition.
α1-antitrypsin.
A protein that is increased or normal in nephrotic syndrome is:
α2-macroglobulin.
