CNA Chapter 5
True/False: A nursing assistant should use her hands to pick up large pieces of broken glass and use a broom and dustpan for smaller pieces
False
True/False: Blood circulation increases as a person ages
False
True/False: Handwashing will not help control the spread of MRSA
False
True/False: Infections are less dangerous in the elderly than they are in younger people
False
True/False: Nutrition is not normally a factor in preventing infections
False
True/False: Once vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) is established it is relatively easy to get rid of
False
True/False: The elderly are less likely than younger people to have healthcare-associated infections
False
True/False: The elderly have a lower risk for infection than younger people
False
True/False: Under Standard Precautions, body fluids do not include saliva
False
True/False: Waste containing blood or body fluids should be disposed of in the resident's trash can and the housekeeping department should be notified
False
True/False: Waste that contains blood can be disposed of in the regular trash can
False
True/False: disinfectant should be placed directly on the spilled fluid before absorbing and removing the fluid
False
Droplet precautions
For Diseases that are spread by droplets in the air. Normally do not travel more than 6 ft. Ex. Influenza
contact precautions
For diseases spread by direct contact with a person or an object. Ex. Conjunctivitis (pink eye), C. Diff
Contact protections
Gloves, Gown, resident isolation
If blood or body fluids may be splashed or sprayed into the eye area, proper protection for the eyes is
Goggles
Which of the following is true of hepatitis B (HBV)
HBV can be transmitted through blood or needles that are contaminated with the virus
The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) is a federal government agency that protects workers from
Hazards on the job
The bloodborne pathogens standard is a federal requirement which states that
Healthcare employers must have a written exposure control plan designed to eliminate or reduce employee exposure to infectious material
Employers must offer a free vaccine to protect nursing assistants from
Hepatitis B
What type of personal protective equipment may be needed when caring for a resident with a respiratory illness
Mask and goggles
The word resistant in multi-drug resistant TB (MDR-TB) means that
Medications can no longer kill the specific bacteria
The following are necessary links in the chain of infection. Which link is broken by wearing gloves, thus preventing the spread of disease
Mode of transmission (a way for a disease to spread)
Airborne precautions
Prevent the spread of pathogens that can be transmitted through the air after being expelled ex. tuberculosis
how should sharps such as needles be disposed of?
Sharps should be placed in biohazard containers
When a resident is in isolation
She needs to feel that her feelings are understood by care team members
By getting a vaccination shot for hepatitis B, which link will a person affect to prevent him from getting this disease
Susceptible host
Why is it important for an employee to report any potential exposures immediately
To protect the employees health and the health of others
Nursing assistants play an important role in protecting elderly residents from infections
True
True/False: A nursing assistant should wash her hands before donning (putting on) gloves
True
True/False: Following Standard Precautions means treating all blood, body fluids, non-intact skin, and mucous membranes as if they were infected
True
True/False: Frequent hand washing can help prevent the spread of VRE
True
True/False: Frequent handwashing can help prevent the spread if VRE
True
True/False: Giving mouth care is one task that requires a nursing assistant to wear gloves
True
True/False: It is normal for a person's immune system to grow weaker as he or she ages
True
True/False: Limited Mobility increases the risk of pressure injuries among the elderly
True
True/False: MRSA can be spread through indirect contact by touching objects contaminated by a person with MRSA
True
True/False: Methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is almost always spread by direct physical contact
True
True/False: VRE causes life threatening infections in people with weak immune systems
True
True/False: an absorbing powder may be used to absorb the spill before removing it
True
A nursing assistant (NA) will come into contact with microorganisms
Every time the NA touches something
True/False: A nursing assistant can usually tell if someone is infectious just by looking at him
False
True/False: A nursing assistant does not need to wear gloves to clean up a very small spill
False
True/False: A nursing assistant should carefully recap using syringes before putting them in a biohazard container
False
What type of personal protective equipment is used most often by caregivers
gloves
The CDC defines hand hygiene as
handwashing with soap and water and using alcohol based hand rubs
Mode of transmission
how a pathogen travels
Transmission-based precautions are used
in addition to standard precautions
Alcohol-based hand rubs are used
in addition to washing with soap and water
Clean
in health care, objects that have not been contaminated with pathogens
Bloodborne diseases can be transmitted by
infected blood entering the bloodstream
Healthcare-associated infection (HAI)
infections acquired in healthcare settings during the delivery of medical care
infection prevention
methods practiced in healthcare facilities to prevent and control the spread of disease
Infection
occurs when pathogens invade the body and multiply
Standard precautions should be practiced
on every single person under a nursing assistant's care
How many times can disposable equipment be used before it needs to be discarded
one time
Disposable
only to be used once and then discarded
Causative agent
pathogen that causes disease
Why should a nursing assistant not wear artificial nails to work
they harbor bacteria and increase risk of contamination
True/False: hand washing and proper handling of contaminated wastes can help prevent C. diff
true
transmission-based precautions
used in addition to standard precautions for patients with suspected infection Include airborne, droplet, or contact precautions
Standard precautions include the following measures
wearing gloves if there is a possibility of coming into contact with blood, body fluids, mucous membranes, or broken skin
Reservoir
where pathogens live and multiply
5 Chains of infection
1. Causative Agent 2. Reservoir 3. Portal of exit 4. Mode of transmission 5. Portal of entry 6. Susceptible host
What is the correct order for doffing PPE (gloves, mask, goggles, gown)
1. Gloves 2. Goggles, 3. gown 4. mask
What is the correct order for donning PPE (gloves, mask, goggles, gown)
1. Gown 2. Mask 3. Goggles 4. Gloves
How long should a nursing assistant use friction when lathering and washing her hands
20 seconds
Standard Precautions
A strict form of infection control that is based on the assumption that all blood and other body fluids are infectious.
CDC
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
How should dirty linen be rolled or folded?
Dirty area is inside
Dirty
In health care, objects that have been contaminated with pathogens
In what type of environment do microorganisms grow best
In warm, dark, moist places
How does the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) affect the body
It weakens the immune system so that the body cannot fight infection
Airborne protection
N95 or HEPA mask
What does OSHA consider a significant exposure
NA is stuck by a needle, mucous membrane contact, a cut from an object containing infectious body fluid (bites), Non-intact skin (including acne)
Which of the following is true of wearing personal protective equipment (PPE) while caring for residents in isolation
Nursing assistants would remove PPE before exiting a resident's room
OSHA
Occupational Safety and Health Administration
How many times can a gown be work before it needs to be discarded
One time
According to OSHA employers must give all employees, residents, and visitors
PPE
Actions that cause droplets
Talking, coughing, sneezing, laughing, singing, suctioning
Which of the following is the primary route of disease transmission within healthcare settings
The hands of healthcare workers
Which of the following is true of Transmission-Based Precautions
They are practiced in addition to standard precautions
TB disease is more likely to develop in people
Who have weakened immune systems
Pathogen
a harmful microorganism
Microorganism/microbe
a living thing that is only visible under a microscope
Sterilization
a measure that destroys all microorganisms, including pathogens
Disinfection
a process that kills pathogens but does not destroy all pathogens
tuberculosis is
an airborne disease
systemic infection
an infection that is in the bloodstream and spread throughout the body
localized infection
an infection that is limited to a specific location in the body
Susceptible host
an uninfected person who could become ill
Portal of exit
any body opening on an infected person that allows pathogens to leave
Portal of entry
any body opening on an uninfected person that allows pathogens to enter
Tuberculosis may be transmitted
by coughing
A person with TB disease
can infect others
someone with latent TB infection
cannot infect others
Dirty linen should be
carried away from the NA's uniform
In health care, the most common way to get a blood borne disease is by
contact with infected blood or certain body fluids
Dedicated equipment refers to
equipment that is only used by one resident
Droplet protection
face mask, covering mouth during sneezing, washing hands, distancing
Chain of Infection
factors that lead to the transmission or spread of disease
True/False: Increasing the use of antibiotics helps lower the risk of developing C. diff diarrhea
false
True/False: both hand sanitizers and washing hands with soap and water are considered equally effective when dealing with C. diff
false