Microbiology Chapter 1 Q&A
The domains - and - are made up of prokaryotes.
Bacteria and Archaea
Which microorganism typically lack a membrane-bound nucleus
Bacteria and Archaea
Which types of microorganisms have cells that typically lack membrane-bound organelles?
Bacteria and Archaea
Using microorganisms to degrade toxic chemical spills is an example of
Biodegradation
- is the process by which microbes carry out the decomposition of harmful chemicals.
Bioremediation
Which of the following diseases killed one-third of the population of Europe in the 14th century?
Bubonic Plague
A scientific experiment includes a component that rules out alternative explanations of the results by showing that the only features that varied in the experiment was the characteristic being tested. The component that does this is called
Control
John Tyndall's experiments in the 1800s showed that live microorganisms remained in some broths even after they had been boiled fro 5 hours. This observation can be explained by the presence of heat-resistant from of bacteria called
Endospore
Fungi, Algae, Protozoa, and Helminths are all
Eukarya
The cells of which microorganisms contain membrane-bound organelles?
Eukarya
Which of the following cells has a defined nucleus and various organelles?
Eukaryotic cell
- is a microbial process used in the manufacture of yogurt and cheese.
Fermenting
Which of the following are parasitic helminths?
Flukes, Roundworms, and Tapeworms
For the name Streptococcus pyogenes, the first part indicates the - and gives information about the shape of the organism.
Genus
The principle that microorganisms cause certain diseases is called the - Theory of Disease
Germ
The term - refers to a multicellular parasite such as a roundworm or tapeworm.
Helminth
Eukarya studied by microbiologists include
Helminths, Protozoa, Algae, Fungi, and Protists
Which of the following diseases are newly emerged?
Hep C, HIV/AIDS, and Ebola
Another name for the microscopic filaments of molds is
Hyphae
- is the infectious disease of the early 1900s that killed more individuals than were killed in World War I and II, the Korean, Vietnam, and Iraq wars combined.
Influenza
Which describes a vlorid?
It consists of a single short piece of RNA
Microbes are useful in the study of higher life-forms for which of the following reasons?
It is cheaper to study microbial life-forms. They have the basic same metabolic mechanisms. Microbes multiply quickly.
Which of the following is true regarding all prokaryotes?
Lack a Nucleus
Characteristics of archaea that are similar to bacteria include
Method of multiplication, shapes, prokaryotic cell structure, and energy sources used.
Organisms that can convert N2 into a form other organisms can use to make proteins and nucleic acid include
Microorganisms
Which of the following are characteristics of protozoa?
Microscopic. Single-celled eukaryotes.
Disease can reemerge as a result of
Parents refusal to vaccinate their children. Pathogens becoming resistant to antimicrobial medications.
The term used for any diseases-causing microorganism.
Pathogen
Which is a paralysis-inducing disease that has been nearly eliminated due to vaccination?
Polio
Spongiform encephalopathies are caused by infectious proteins. This information indicates that the infectious agent is a
Prion
Which of the following cannot reproduce independently?
Prions and Vlroids
When scientists share their work in scientific journals, they are communicating the
Results, Conclusions, and Methods
Which is true regarding scientific names?
Scientific names are italicized or underlined. Genus names are commonly abbreviated.
Algae are
Single-celled, photosynthetic eukaryotes, and multicellular, photosynthetic eukaryotes.
Solid, repeatable, extensive amounts of scientific evidence can lead to which of the following?
Theory
Identify which of the following characteristics describe protozoa
They can be found in terrestrial and aquatic habitats. Most of them are motile
Which of the following describes how fungi gain energy
They degrade organic material with enzymes.
Designing organisms that can provide human products through genetic engineering or clean up environmental waste through bioremediation is part of the broader field of
biotechnology
For the name Streptococcus pygogenes, the first part indicates the
genus
Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis are in the same
genus
Compared to the diversity of plants and animals, microbes as a group are
more diverse
Organisms that populate the human body and which protect it from disease are termed
normal microbiota
Eukaryotes such as algae and protozoa are also referred to as
protists
If cattle, sheep, and deer had a mictrobe-free digestive tract they would
starve
The scientific process involves a series of steps. Rank the first four steps of this process in order.
1. Make an observation about something and ask a question about the situation. 2. Develop an explanation and then devise an experiment to test this explanation. 3. Collect data from this experiment. 4. Draw a conclusion.
True or False: Eukaryotic mictrobes are generally larger than prokaryotic microbes.
True
True or False: Without microorganisms we would run out of certain nutrients.
True
Which of the following are long-established microbial diseases?
Tuberculosis and Malaria
Which of the following are classified as a acellular infectious agent?
Viroids, Viruses, and Prions
Which of the following are true regarding viruses?
Viruses are acellular. Viruses are nonliving. Viruses are smaller than most bacteria.
Which of the following is/are true regarding viruses?
Viruses can only multiply within host cells. Outside of host cells, viruses are inactive.
Which of the following about mircroorganisms is/are true?
We could not live without them.
Which of the following is a difference between archaea and bacteria?
Bacteria possess peptidoglycan in their cell walls whereas archaea do not.
Based on the name, the characteristics of which organism are probably different from the others
Balantidium coli