CNA exam ch 1-7
child abuse and neglect
18 years or younger recent act or failure to act on the part of parent or caregiver types: physical abuse neglect sexual abuse: rape, assault, molestation, incest, child pornography, prostitution emotional abuse substance abuse abandonment
Competency evaluation for nursing assistants
3 attempts allowed retraining and new competency evaluation program for nursing assistants who have not worked for 24 months agencies provide 12 hours of educational programs to nursing assistants every year
medicaid
A health care payment program sponsored by federal government and operated by the state governments people with low incomes qualify, so do some children, blind, and disabled persons no premium
will
A legal document of how a person wants property distributed after death
licensed practical nurse (LPN)
A nurse who has completed a 1-year nursing program and has passed a licensing test; called licensed vocational nurse (LVN) in some states
registered nurse (RN)
A nurse who has completed a 2-, 3-, or 4-year nursing program and has passed a licensing test
functional nursing
A nursing care pattern focusing on tasks and jobs; each nursing team member has certain tasks and jobs to do
case management
A nursing care pattern; a case manager (an RN) coordinates a person's care from admission through discharge and into the home setting
patient-focused care
A nursing care pattern; services are moved from departments to the bedside
word element
A part of a word
nursing assistant
A person who has passed a nursing assistant training and competency evaluation program; performs delegated nursing tasks under the supervision of a licensed nurse
courtesy
A polite, considerate, or helpful comment or act
law
A rule of conduct made by a government body
abbreviation
A shortened form of a word or phrase
acute illness
A sudden illness from which a person is expected to recover
kardex
A type of card file that summarizes information found in the medical record-drugs, treatments, diagnoses, routine care measures, equipment, and special needs
root
A word element containing the basic meaning of the word
suffix
A word element placed after a root; it changes the meaning of the word
prefix
A word element placed before a root; it changes the meaning of the word
right to information
Access to all records about the person which includes medical records, contracts, incident reports and financial records.
boundary sign
An act, behavior, or thought that warns of a boundary crossing or violation
negligence
An unintentional wrong in which a person did not act in a reasonable and careful manner and a person or the person's property was harmed unintentional tort
representative
Any person who has the legal right to act on the resident's behalf when he or she cannot do so for himself or herself
work ethics
Behavior in the workplace how you look what you say how you behave how you treat how you work with others
assessment
Collecting information about the person; a step in the nursing process
progress note
Describes the care given and the person's response and progress
neglect
Failure to provide the person with the goods or services needed
ethics
Knowledge of what is right conduct and wrong conduct
libel
Making false statements in print, writing, or through pictures or drawings intentional tort
malpractice
Negligence by a professional person unintentional tort
assisted living residence (ALR)
Provides housing, personal care, support services, health care, and social activities in a home-like setting to persons needing help with daily activities
fraud
Saying or doing something to trick, fool, or deceive a person intentional tort
planning
Setting priorities and goals; a step in the nursing process
stressor
The event or factor that causes stress
communication
The exchange of information a message sent is received and correctly interpreted by the intended person
priority
The most important thing at the time
distal
The part farthest from the center or from the point of attachment
nursing team
Those who provide nursing care--RNs, LPNs/LVNs, and nursing assistants
implementation
To perform or carry out nursing measures in the care plan; a step in the nursing process
boundary crossing
a brief act or behavior outside of the helpful zone
conflict
a clash between opposing interests or ideas
hospice
a health care agency or program for persons who are dying usually they have less than 6 months to live focus on comfort not cure
team nursing
a nursing care pattern; a team of nursing staff is led by an RN who decides the amount and kind of care each person needs
primary nursing
a nursing care pattern; an RN is responsible for the person's total care
vulnerable adult
a person 18 years old or older who has a disability or condition that makes him or her at risk to be wounded, attacked, or damaged
self-neglect
a person's behaviors and way of living that threaten his or her health, safety, and well-being
end-of-shift report
a report that the nurse gives at the end of the shift to the on-coming shift
preceptor
a staff member who guides another staff member mentor
nursing care plan
a written guide about the person's nursing care; care plan
medical record
a written or electronic account of a person's condition and response to treatment and care chart clinical record
tort
a wrong committed against a person or the person's property some unintentional some intentional
right to be free from verbal, sexual, physical, and mental abuse
abuse: willful infliction of injury, unreasonable confinement, intimidation, or punishment depriving the person of goods to surfaces needed to attain to maintain well-being
contents of medical record
admission record heath history physical examination results doctors orders doctors progress notes progress notes (nursing team and health team) graphic sheets flow sheets laboratory sheets x-ray reports IV therapy record respiratory therapy record consultation reports assessments from nursing social dietary and recreational services special consents
health care systems
agencies join together as one provider of care hospitals, nursing centers, home care agencies, hospice, and doctors offices
boundary violation
an act or behavior that meets your needs, not the person's
professional sexual misconduct
an act, behavior, or comment that is sexual in nature
nursing intervention
an action or measure taken by the nursing team to help the person reach a goal
terminal illness
an illness or injury from which the person will not likely recover
chronic illness
an on-going illness, slow or gradual in onset; it has no known cure; it can be controlled and complications prevented with proper treatment
crime
and act that violates a criminal law
elder abuse
any knowing, intentional, or negligent act by a caregiver or any other person to an older adult; the act causes harm or serious risk of harm
delegation process
assess and plan communication surveillance and supervision evaluation and feedback
medial
at or near the middle or midline of the body or body part
posterior
at or toward the back of the body or body part dorsal
anterior
at or toward the front of the body to body part ventral
lateral
away from the midline at the side of the body or body part
right to personal privacy
closing privacy curtains, doors, windows coverings removing residents from public view providing clothes or draping the person to prevent unnecessary exposure of body parts
right to keep and use personal items
clothing and some furnishings items are labelled
problem solving
define the problem collect information about the problem identify possible solutions select the best solution carry out the solution evaluate the results
Nurse Practice Acts
defines and describes the scope of practice, education, and licensing requirements for RNs and LPN/LVN protects the public from persons practicing nursing without a license decide what nursing assistants can and cant do
employers look for
dependable, well-groomed, skilled and trained with a good attitude
nursing diagnosis
describes a health problem that can be treated by nursing measures; a step in the nursing process
domestic abuse
domestic violence intimate partner abuse spousal abuse physical abuse sexual abuse verbal abuse economic abuse social abuse
assignment sheets
each persons care what measures and tasks need to be done which nursing unit tasks to do
hospitals
emergency care surgery nursing care x-ray procedures and treatments laboratory testing respiratory, physical, occupational, speech, and other therapies often short stays
group insurance
employee benefit bought by groups or organizations for individuals
right to safe, clean, comfortable, and home-like setting
environment make changes when person: refuses a bath because shower is preferred prefers to shower at different time or day refuses shower because of fear of falling is uneasy about the staff assigned to help worried about falling cannot reach or use signal light cannot reach personal items does not like food served
long-term care centers
ex: nursing homes residents (NOT patients) cannot care for themselves but don't need hospital care needs range from simple to complex medical, nursing, dietary, recreation, rehabilitation, and social services provided housekeeping and laundry services provided temporary or permanent most residents are elderly: chronic disease, poor nutrition, memory problems, poor health younger residents: disabled from birth defects accidents, diseases skilled nursing facilities (SNF): provide more complex care, rehabilitation and time to recover, shorter stays
Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act
federal law sets minimum training and competency evaluation requirements for nursing assistants requires that nursing centers post the names addresses and phone numbers of local and state ombudsmen training program: communication infection control safety and emergency procedures residents' rights personal care skills basic nursing skills feeding methods elimination procedures skincare transferring, positioning, and turning methods dressing helping the person walk range-of-motion signs and symptoms of common diseases how to care for cognitively impaired persons
professionalism
following laws, being ethical, having good work ethics, and having the skills to do your work
right not to have body movements restricted
freedom from restraint doctors order is needed for restraint use not used for staff convenience or to discipline a person
right to voice concerns, questions, and complaints about treatment and care
grievances cannot be punishes for voice
types of health care agencies
hospital rehabilitation and subacute care agencies long term care centers assisted living residencies mental health centers home care agencies hospice health care systems
protected health information
identifying information and information about the person's health care that is maintained or sent in any form (paper, electronic, oral)
private insurance
in surname companies pay for some or all health care costs bought by individuals and families
objective data
information that is seen, heard, felt, or smelled by an observer signs
defamation
injuring a person's name and reputation by making false statements to a third person intentional tort
assault
intentionally attempting or threatening to touch a person's body without the person's consent intentional tort
criminal law
laws concerned with offenses against the public and society in general
civil law
laws concerned with relationships between people
slander
making false statements orally intentional tort
right to activities that enhance each person's physical, mental, and psycho-social well-being
meaningful activities reflect persons interests and lifestyle enjoyed by the person help the person feel useful to produce something useful provide a sense of belonging
right to work or perform services if they want
not required
delegation
nurse practice acts give nurses certain responsibilities the RN is accountable for all nursing care nursing assistants cannot delegate
nursing assistant registry
official record or listing of persons who have successfully completed that state's approved NATCEP.
informed consent
person has the right to decide what will be done to his or her won body doctor informs person reason for treatment, procedure, or care measure what will be done how it will be done who will do it the expected outcomes other treatment, procedure, or care options effects of not having the treatment, procedure, of care measure under 18 or mentally incompetent cannot give consent
right to make their own choices
personal choice choose own doctors choose when to get up, go to bed, what to wear, what to eat promotes quality of life, dignity, self-respect
types of elder abuse
physical abuse neglect verbal abuse involuntary seclusion financial exploitation or misappropriation emotional or mental abuse sexual abuse abandonment
your health
physically and mentally healthy diet sleep and rest body mechanics exercise eyes smoking drugs alcohol
rehabilitation and subacute care agencies
post hospital care for patients who cannot return home needs fall between hospital care and long-term care
right to quality of life
promote dignity and respect for self
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)
protect privacy and security of a persons health information
role in meting standards and survey process
provide quality care protect persons rights provide for the persons and own safety help keep clean and safe agency conduct self in professional manner good work ethic follow agency policies and procedures answer questions honestly and completely
right to form and take part in resident groups
right to take part in social cultural religious and community events right to help in getting to and from events of their choise
involuntary seclusion
separating a person from others against his or her will, keeping the person to a certain area, or keeping the person away from his or her room without consent
home care agencies
services provided to peoples homes by nurses or nursing assistants health teaching and supervisions to bedside nursing care physical therapy rehabilitation food services hospitals, health care systems, public health departments, and private businesses may offer home services
assisted living residences
some are part of nursing centers or retirement communities resident has a room or apartment services provided: 3 meals a day, housekeeping, laundry, and transportation, social and recreational activities help given with personal care and drugs access to health and medical care
mental health centers
some have problems with life events others present dangers to themselves and others due to behavior and thoughts outpatient care is common short or long term inpatient care
ombudsman
someone who supports or promotes the needs and interests of another person investigate and resolve complaints provide services to assist the person assist persons on medicare Wirth hospital access or discharge concerns provide information about long term care services monitor nursing center care monitor nursing center conditions provide support to resident and family groups help the person and family resolve conflicts within the family help the center manage difficult problems educate persons, families, and the public about long term care issues and concerns represent older persons interests before local state and federal governments
teamwork
staff members work together as a group; each person does his or her part to provide safe and effective care working when schedules being cheerful and friendly performing delegated tasks being available to help others help willingly be kind to others
goal
that which is desired for or by a person as a result of nursing care
professional boundary
that which separates helpful behaviors from behaviors that are not helpful
treatment
the care provided to maintain or restore health, improve function, or relieve symptoms
medicare
the federal health insurance program for people who are 65 or older, certain younger people with disabilities part A pays for some hospital, SNF, hospice, And home care costs part B pays for doctors services, out patient hospital care, voluntary monthly premium
medical diagnosis
the identification of a disease or condition by a doctor
right to refuse treatment
the legal right of patients to refuse certain forms of treatment center must: find out reason for refusal educate the person about the problems that can result from refusing offer other treatment options continure to provide all other services
health team
the many health care workers whose skills and knowledge focus on the person's total care; interdisciplinary health care team
nursing process
the method nurses use to plan and deliver nursing care 5 steps assessment diagnosis planning implementation evaluation
proximal
the part nearest to the center or to the point of origin
stress
the response or change in the body caused by any emotional, physical, social, or economic factor
5 rights of delegation
the right task the right circumstance the right person the right directions and communication the right supervision
standard of care
the skills, care, and judgments required by a health team member under similar conditions come from: laws textbooks agency policy and procedure manuals manufacturer instructions for equipment and supplies job descriptions approval and accrediting agency standards standards and guidelines from governemnet agencies
recording
the written account of care and observations charting
subjective data
things a person tells you about that you cannot observe through your senses symptoms
evaluation
to measure if goals in the planning step were met; a step in the nursing process
gossip
to spread rumors or talk about the private matters of others
harassment
to trouble, torment, offend, or worry a person by one's behavior or comments
battery
touching a person's body without his or her consent intentional tort
confidentiality
trusting others with personal and private information
false imprisonment
unlawful restraint or restriction of a person's freedom of movement intentional tort
observation
using the senses of sight, hearing, touch, and smell to collect information
invasion of privacy
violating a person's right not to have his or her name, photo, or private affairs exposed or made public without giving consent intentional tort
abuse
willful infliction of injury, unreasonable confinement, intimidation or punishment with resulting physical harm, pain, or mental anguish
advanced directives
written instructions about health care when the person is not able to make such decisions DNR