cognitive processes final exam WORKSHEET
Which of the following describes the relationship between Broca's aphasia and Wernicke's aphasia?
Broca's aphasia is a disorder of language production, whereas Wernicke's aphasia is a disorder of language comprehension
Which term best describes the process of brainstorming?
Divergent
In what way is animal communication different from human language?
Humans seem predisposed to develop generative language, whereas animals are not.
Gick and Holyoak consider which of the following to be the most difficult step to achieve in the process of analogical problem solving?
Noticing that there is an analogous relationship between problems because most participants need prompting before they notice a connection
Insight refers to
a sudden realization of a problem's solution
Mia has lived in New York City all her life. She has noticed that people from upper Manhattan walk really fast, but people from lower Manhattan tend to walk slowly. Mia's observations are likely influenced from a judgment error based on her using
an illusory correlation
Boxing champion George Foreman recently described his family vacations with the statement, "At our ranch in Marshall, Texas, there are lots of ponds and I take the kids out and we fish. And then of course, we grill them." That a reader understands "them" appropriately (George grills fish, not his kids!) is the result of a(n) ____________________ inference.
anaphoric
Intermediate states can be created by
creating subgoals
Behavioral economics research has shown that people tend to be "risk averse" when making decisions about potential gains. Which of the following decisions is consistent with risk aversion?
deciding to reinvest stock market earnings in more stock -Risk-aversion strategy used when problem is stated in terms of gains
Problem solving involves multiple steps. Of the following steps, which much occur first for the problem to be solved most efficiently?
defining the problem
One reason that most people do not easily solve the original (abstract) version of the Wason four-card problem is that they
ignore the falsification principle
Bonnie has ordered her monthly supply of medicines through the mail for the past five years. Except for one order, all orders have arrived within two business days. Bonnie placed an order yesterday, and she expects to receive her order tomorrow. Bonnie is using
inductive reasoning
Functional fixedness would be LOWEST for a(n)
novel object
According to the situation model of text processing
people create a mental representation of what the text is about in terms of people, objects, locations, and events.
Syntax is the
rules for combining words into sentences
The idea that the rules governing the grouping of words in a sentence is the primary determinant of the way a sentence is parsed is part of the ____________________ approach to parsing
syntax-first
In an experiment that combined both physiological and behavioral approaches to the study of decision making, prefrontal cortex activity was recorded while participants accepted or rejected proposals to split a sum of money ($10). Prefrontal cortex activation was
the same for accepted and rejected offers
Economic Utility Theory
People are rational If they have all relevant information, they will make a decision that results in the maximum expected utility
Decision making research has investigated the accuracy of economic utility theory. Which conclusion is supported by this research?
People are very good at using logic to make rational decisions.