Cognitive psych 5-7
The principle that we learn info together with its context, and that the overlap between the test context and what is represented in the memory determines accuracy is know as
encoding specificity
If someone is showing perseveration then they've likely had damage to their
frontal lobe
If you've had event-related potential recorded then you would have
small electrodes placed on your scalp
According to the phonological similarity effect, we're more likely to confuse words or letters that
sound similar. F + S
Although Emily doesn't very often think about her first love, she can't help getting caught up in happy memories when "their song" plays on the radio. This is an example of
state-dependent learning
The primary effect of chunking is to
stretch the capacity of STM
The standard model of consolidation proposes that the hippocampus is
strongly active when memories are first formed and being consolidated but becomes less active when retrieving older memories that are already consolidated
Consolidation that involves rapid changes at the neuronal level
synaptic consolidation
This suggestion is based on research showing that people remember material better if they learned it in a number of different locations, compared to studying the same amount of time in one location. The suggestion solves a problem raised by
the encoding specificity principle
Transfer-appropriate processing is likely to occur if
the type of encoding and type of retrieval match
Iconic memory is to echoic memory as
vision is to sound
The defining characteristics of implicit memory is
we are not conscious we are using it
refers to the number of digits a person can remember
digit span
The "magic number" according to Miller is
7 plus or minus 2
Occurs due to the repetition of an irrelevant sound
Articulatory suppression
The trail left behind by a moving sparkler
Sensory memory
The part of the working memory that coordinates the activity of the phonological loop and the visuospatial sketch pad is
The central executive
Someone has told you a number and you're repeating it over and over again to yourself this is an example of
a control process called rehearsal
Compared to the whole-report technique, the partial-report procedure involves
a smaller response set
Upper limit for STM
about 4 items
Neural process by which memories are strengthened and more permanently stored in the brain
consolidation
Refers to the process that transforms new memories into a state in which they are more resistant to disruption
consolidation
Helped bolster the idea that the prefrontal cortex is important for holding info for brief periods of time
delayed response task
Analysis of behavior after brain damage is an example of
demonstrating a double dissociation
Baddely's working memory model consists of 4 components they are
phonological loop, visuospatial sketchpad, central executive, episodic buffer
You recently just bought a new cell phone and had to change your number. However, your old phone number keeps interfering with your ability to remember your new number. This is an example of
proactive interference
Closely associated with implicit memory
propaganda effect
The primacy effect is attributed to
recall info stored in LTM
refers to a process proposed that occurs when a memory is later reactivated
reconsolidation
According to the multiple trace hypothesis, the hippocampus is involved in the retrieval of
remote, episodic memories
Coding refers to the way information is
represented
Memory pertains processes involved in
retaining, retrieving and using
Now that you're learning Spanish you're finding it harder to recall French words you learned earlier. This is an example of
retroactive interference
Based on the findings of Brook, which task should be easier? Keeping an image of a block letter "F" in your mind and
saying "yes" for each corner that is an inside corner and "no" for each corner that is an outside corner
