Cold War Questions

Mikhail Gorbachev contributed to the fall of communism in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe by (a) introducing the policies of Perestroika and Glasnost (b) violating nuclear arms agreements (c) invading Afghanistan (d) signing the Camp David Accords

A

One way in which Vladimir Lenin's New Economic Policy and Mikhail Gorbachev's policy of Perestroika are similar is that both (a) allowed elements of capitalism within a communist economic system (b) strengthened their country's military defenses (c) supported censorship of news and of personal correspondence (d) increased tensions during the Cold War

A

Mikhail Gorbachev's reforms of Perestroika and Glasnost resulted in (a) an era of world peace and Soviet prosperity (b) conditions that helped lead to the breakup of the Soviet Union (c) a successful transition to a command economy in Russia (d) censorship of the news media in Russia

B

United States involvement in the Vietnam War and the Soviet Union's involvement in Afghanistan were motivated mainly by a desire to (a) exploit the mineral resources of the regions (b) support governments that would remain strong allies (c) stop the expansion of Japan into the Middle East (d) establish independent nation-states in the

B

Which action occurred in the Soviet Union under Mikhail Gorbachev? (a) Peasants were forced onto collective farms. (b) Citizens experienced more personal freedoms under Glasnost. (c) The United States and the Soviet Union ended diplomatic relations. (d) The Soviet government increased its control over the Orthodox Church.

B

During the Cold War Era, many Asian and African nations followed a policy of nonalignment because they (a) had the same goals and needs as the Soviet Union (b) needed the natural resources of Western European nations (c) wished to receive aid from the Soviet Union and the United States (d) were afraid of losing their vote in the United Nations

C

During the Cold War period, India's foreign policy was committed to (a) supporting communism in Asia (b) rejecting democracy in Pakistan (c) nonalignment with the world powers (d) isolationism in international commerce

C

The Berlin Blockade in 1948, the Hungarian Revolt of 1956, and the invasion of Afghanistan in 1979 all demonstrated that the Soviet Union (a) wanted to join the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) (b) used economic sanctions to achieve its foreign policy goals (c) was willing to use military force in situations that challenged its power (d) hoped to advance its economy through cultural exchange

C

The Truman Doctrine, Korean War, crisis in Guatemala, and Soviet invasion of Afghanistan were all (a) reasons for the Industrial Revolution (b) examples of Japanese imperialism (c) events of the Cold War (d) causes of World War II

C

The goal of Mikhail Gorbachev's policies of Perestroika and Glasnost was to (a) expand collectivization and communes (b) resume development of Soviet nuclear weapons (c) stimulate economic growth and political discussion (d) stop expansion of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) into Eastern Europe

C

The purpose of both the Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan was to a. support the construction of the Iron Curtain b. increase membership in the United Nations c. prevent the spread of communism d. attempt to solve world hunger

C

Which statement would be consistent with the views of Fidel Castro? (a) The spread of Communism is the greatest danger facing Latin America. (b) An American military presence is the key to the defense of Latin America. (c) Progress and justice in Latin America can be achieved only through revolutionary Socialism. (d) Introducing a free-market system will improve the economies of Latin American nations.

C

Which title best completes the partial outline below? I. ___________________________ A. Berlin blockade B. Cuban Missile Crisis C. Vietnam War (a) Path to World War I (b) Victories for Democracy (c) Cold War Confrontations (d) Terrorism in the 20th Century

C

"Warsaw Pact Tanks Invade Budapest" "Wall Divides Berlin" "Liberal Czechoslovak Government Replaced" These historical newspaper headlines were related to (a) Mikhail Gorbachev's introduction of the policy of glasnost (b) Adolf Hitler's efforts to promote national socialism (c) the Soviet Union's acceptance of capitalism (d) attempts by the Soviet Union to strengthen Communist control

D

. . "We may anticipate a state of affairs in which two Great Powers will each be in a position to put an end to the civilization and life of the other, though not without risking its own. We may be likened to two scorpions in a bottle, each capable of killing the other, but only at the risk of his own life.". — J. Robert Oppenheimer, July 1953 This statement expresses concern about the (a) threats to the environment by developed and developing economies (b) differences between command and market economies (c) economic costs of World War II (d) dangers of the Cold War

D

In the 1980s, Mikhail Gorbachev's attempts to change the Soviet Union resulted in (a) an increase in tensions between India and the Soviet Union (b) a strengthening of the Communist Party (c) a shift from producing consumer goods to producing heavy machinery (d) a series of economic and political reforms

D

One reason Mikhail Gorbachev implemented the policies of Glasnost and Perestroika in the Soviet Union was to (a) eliminate freedom of speech and press (b) destroy the power of the opposition party (c) dominate the governments of Eastern Europe (d) encourage political discussion and economic reform

D

One reason for both the French Revolution (1789) and the Cuban Revolution (1959) was that (a) people often rebel when they are governed by a foreign power (b) the monarchs did not meet the needs of culturally diverse populations (c) the writings of Karl Marx encouraged workers and the industrialists to unite (d) existing governments failed to address the major economic differences between social classes

D

The 38th parallel in Korea and the 17th parallel in Vietnam were used to mark (a) boundaries created by mountain ranges (b) demarcation lines instituted by papal authority (c) territorial claims disputed between ethnic minorities (d) political divisions established between communist and noncommunist territories

D

The expansion of Communism into Eastern Europe was a direct result of a. the Crimean War b. the Napoleonic Wars c. World War I d. World War II

D

The invasion of Hungary in 1961 by the Soviet Union and the building of the Berlin Wall in 1961 are examples of (a) United Nations Security Council resolutions (b) Truman Doctrine failures (c) Marshall Plan effects (d) Cold War Era conflicts

D

The term iron curtain refers to the (a) scars left on the land by the trenches of World War I (b) no-fly zone in northern Iraq after the Persian Gulf War (c) border established between India and Pakistan after World War II (d) western boundary of Soviet domination in Europe during the Cold War

D

Which is a result of India's policy of nonalignment? (a) India has kept its defense spending at a low level. (b) The Indian government has been successful in limiting population growth. (c) The Indian government has worked to reduce religious conflicts. (d) India has accepted aid from both the United States and the Soviet Union.

D

Which sequence of 20th-century Cold War events is in the correct chronological order? (a) fall of the Berlin Wall Cuban missile crisis adoption of the Marshall Plan (b) Cuban missile crisis fall of the Berlin Wall adoption of the Marshall Plan (c) fall of the Berlin Wall adoption of the Marshall Plan Cuban missile crisis (d) adoption of the Marshall Plan Cuban missile crisis fall of the Berlin Wall

D

• Reunification of East and West Germany • Restructuring of the economy of the former Soviet Union • Eastern Europe's extensive political changes Which is a valid conclusion that can be drawn from a study of these events of the late 1980s and early 1990s? (a) The former Soviet Union succeeded in isolating its satellites from Western influences. (b) The United Nations forced Communist leaders to accept changes. (c) Communist leaders used new strategies to win the cold war. (d) Communism did not succeed as a workable political and economic system in Europe.

D