College English Mid Term

Closed form writing

(Far left on the continuum) writing with a hierarchical structure of points and details in support of an explicit thesis.

10 expert habits that improve your writing process

1. Use exploratory writing and talking to discover and clarify ideas. 2. Schedule your time 3.Discover what methods of drafting work best for you. 4. Think about and purpose from the start. 5. For the first draft, reduce your expectations. 6. Revise on double or triple spaces hard copy. 7.as you revise, think increasingly about the needs of your readers. 8. Exchange drafts with others. 9. Save correctness for last. 10. To meet deadlines bring the process to a close, learn how to satisfice.

Summary

A condensed version of a text that extracts and presents main ideas in a way that does justice to the authors intentions.

Reflection

An introspective genre; it invites you to connect the reading to your own personal experiences, beliefs, and values.

Rhetorical critique

Analyzes a text's rhetorical strategies and evaluates how effectively the author achieves his or her intended goals. (How a text is constructed)

Multimodal texts

Any text that supplements words with another mode of communication such as images, sounds, or even the rhetorical use of page design.

Logos

Appeal to logic or reason

Angle of vision

Causes a reader to see a subject from one perspective only-the writers.

Remixing

Combining or editing existing materials to produce something new

"Nutshell" sentences

Convey the "take away" point of the page. Usually highlighted by a different color, enlarged font, or placement in a call out box, are the multimodal equivalent of a thesis statement or paragraph topic sentence in purely verbal text.

Intellectual property rights

Copyright laws; fair use; Creative Commons

All about writing

Covers a topic by presenting information organized by categories, like an encyclopedia.

Analyze

Divide or dissolve the whole into its parts, examine these parts carefully, look at the relationships among them, and then use this understanding of the parts to better understand the whole-how it functions, what it means.

Ideas Critique

Focuses on the ideas at stake in the text. (Treat it as a voice in a conversation)

Engfish papers

Have a thesis, but the thesis is the risk less truism that doesn't respond to a real problem with stakes.

Thinking rhetorically

Helps clarify your relationship to your audience and identify typical ways that a piece of writing might be structured and developed. (Express, explore, inform, analyze/synthesis, persuade, and reflect)

Rhetorical aim

Helps you clarify your relationship to your audience and identify typical ways that a piece of writing might be structured and developed.

Ladder of abstraction

High level: abstract or general (footwear) Middle level (Flip flops) Low level: specific or concrete (Purple platform flip-flops with rhinestones)

Strong response essays

Incorporate a summary of the text to which the writer is responding.

Reflection paper

Is often more exploratory, open-ended, musing, and tentative then a rhetorical critique, or ideas critique, which is usually closed-formed and thesis governed

Exploratory Essay

Narrates a writer's thinking process while doing research. Recounts your attempt to examine your question's complexity, explore alternatives, and arrive at a solution or answer.

Avoiding plagiarism

Obtain permission; bibliography; follow intellectual property law; create an ethical online persona.

The window effect

Provides vision of the future, promises of who we will become or what will happen if we align ourselves with this brand.

Genre

Refers to categories of writing that follow certain conventions of style, structure, approach to subject matter, and document design.

Coherence

Refers to the relationship between adjacent sentences and paragraphs.

Unity

Refers to the relationship between each part of an essay and the larger whole.

The mirror effect

Refers to the way in which the ad mirrors the target audience's self-image, promoting identification with the ad's message.

Old/new contract

Refers to the writer's obligation to help reads connect each new sentence in an essay to the previous sentences they have already read.

Open form writing

Resists reduction to a single, summarizable thesis. Characterized by narrative or story-like structure, sometimes with abrupt transitions, and uses various literary techniques to make the prose memorable and powerful

Online environments

Shifting audiences; shifting writers; Evolving messages

annotated bibliography

Summarizes and briefly critiques the research sources a writer used while exploring a problem. It encourages exploration and inquiry, provides a "tracing" of your work, and creates a guide for others interested in your research problem.

Ethos

The appeal to the character of the speaker/writer.

Pathos

The appeal to the sympathies, values, beliefs, and emotions of the audience (emotions)

Thesis statement

The main point a writer wants to make in an essay.

Rhetoric

The study of how human beings use language and other symbols to influence attitudes, beliefs, and actions of others.

And then writing

The writer strong together one event after another through time

Satisfice

To do the best job you can under the circumstances considering your time constraints, the pressure of other demands on you, and the difficulty of the task.

Strong Thesis Statements

Topic area and concepts; a direct implies question; an indications of how the question invited tension, has evoked controversy or is otherwise problematic; An indication of how the question is significant or worth examining; The writer's thesis, which brings something new to the audience.

Thinking writing strategies

Wallowing in complexity! The ability to pose problematic questions; the ability to analyze a problem in all it's dimensions, the ability to find, gather, and interpret facts, data and other information relevant to the problem; the ability to imagine alternative solutions to the problem; the ability to analyze competing approaches and answers; the ability to write an effective argument that justify a your choice.

Revising Globally

When a change in one part of your draft drive changed in other parts of your draft.

Revising locally

When you make changes to a text that affect only the one or two sentences that you are currently working on.

attributive tags

When you use "Pollan claims,""according to Pollan," or "Pollan says"

What to think about when advertising

Who is your target audience? How much media landscape can we afford? What are the best media for reaching our target audience? Is our goal to stimulate direct sales or to develop long-term branding and image?

Reading against the grain

You question and perhaps even rebut the author's ideas. You are a resistant reader who asks unanticipated questions, pushes back, and reads the text in ways unforeseen by the author.

Reading with the grain

You try to see the world through the authors eyes, role playing as much as possible the author's intended readers by adopting their beliefs and values and acquiring their back round knowledge.

Visual literacy

Your awareness of the importance of visual communication and your ability to interpret or make meaning out of images by examine their context and visual features.

How Multiple Drafts Help Revision

help writers overcome the limits of short term memory; help accommodate shifts and changes in the writer's ideas; help writers clarify audience purpose; help writers improve structure and coherence for readers; let writers postpone worrying about correctness.