Comm Nut Ch 10

SNAP (which is the biggest recipient), National School Lunch Program, WIC program, School Breakfast Program, and Child and Adult Care Food Program

95% of all federal expenditures for food assistance went to which five programs?

Food Security

Access by all people at all times to enough food for an active, healthy life.

commodity supplemental food program, food distribution program on Indian reservation, emergency food assistance program, nutrition services incentive program, food distribution disaster assistance

Food Distribution Programs include

low-cost, nutritious meals, opportunities for social interaction, nutrition educations and shopping assistance, counseling and referral to other social services, transportation services

Goals of the OAA

Food Insecurity

Limited or uncertain ability to acquire or consume an adequate quality or sufficient quantity of food in socially acceptable ways.

allotments are insufficient to meets need, environmental factors, many eligible to not participate, possibility for abuse

Major Problems of EBT

PRWORA

Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996

incomes @ or below 130% of poverty lines receive free meals, incomes b/w 130 and 185% of poverty lines receive reduced priced meals, and students in SNAP receive free meals automatically

Those eligible for the National School Lunch Program and School Breakfast Program

1. provide, from farmers' markets, fresh, nutritious unprepared F&V to low income, at risk women, infants, and children 2. to expand the awareness and use of farmers' markets and increase sales at such markets

Two goals of the WIC Farmers' Market Nutrition Program

SNAP

is an entitlement program, which means that anyone who meets eligibility standards is entitled to receive benefits

foods and seeds but not ready to eat hot foods, vitamins or medicines, pet foods, tobacco, cleaning items, alcohol, or nonfood items

EBT can be used for

Very low food security

Eating patterns were disrupted and food intake reduced due to a lack of money and other resources for food

most households must have gross monthly incomes below 130% of the poverty line and net monthly income at or below 100% of poverty guidelines for their household size

Eligibility requirements for the SNAP include

after-school snack program, special milk program, summer food service program for children and seamless summer, child and adult care food program

Examples of Child Nutrition and related Programs

coupons are provided to low-income seniors that may be used to purchase fresh, unprepared, locally grown produce @ farmers' markets

Senior Farmers' Market Nutrition Program (SFMNP)

TANF

Temporary Assistance for Needy Families

SNAP (supplemental nutriton assistance program)

The benefits of this program enable recipients to buy approved food items in approved grocery stores w/ the goal of improving diets of low-income households by increasing access to food and food purchasing ability.

income, household size, assets, housing costs, work requirements/factors

The eligibility and allotments of the SNAP are based on

improve the food security, nutritional status, and health of Americans.

The ultimate goal of the food assistance programs is to

income (at or below 185% of the poverty line or by participation in the SNAP or medicaid programs

WIC financial eligibility is determined by

medically-based risks such as anemia, maternal age, or history of high-risk pregnancies, diet-based risks (dietary pattern), conditions that make the applicant predisposed to medically-based or diet-based risks, such as alcoholism or drug addiction

WIC nutritional risks include

infants, children up to age 5, pregnant, breastfeeding, and non-breastfeeding postpartum women who qualify financially and are at nutritional risk

WIC provides supplemental foods to the following groups

food packages or vouchers for supplemental food to provide specific nutrients (protein, calcium, iron, Vit A & C) known to be lacking in the diets of the target group, nutrition education, and referrals to health care services

WIC services include

volunteer in programs, help inform low-income people about these programs, help increase accessibility of existing programs to those who need them, support local farmer's markets, community gardens, and roadside stands, learn more about the problem of food insecurity, and call and write legislators about food insecurity issues.

What can individuals due to develop food security

EBT (electronic benefits transfer card)

benefits of the SNAP are issued in the form of

Child and Adult Care Food Program

designed to help public and private nonresidential child and adult day care programs provide nutritious meals for children up to age 12, adults older than 60, and certain people with disabilities

Key Provisions of the PRWORA

establishes TANF, changes eligibility standards for Supplemental Security Income child disability benefits, requires states to enforce a strong child support program for collection of child support payments, and restricts aliens' eligibility for welfare and other public benefits, alters eligibility criteria and benefits for child nutrition programs, and tightens national standards for food stamps and commodity distribution.

Older American Act (OAA) Nutrition Program

formerly known as the elderly nutrition program/intended to improve older people's nutrition status and enable them to avoid medical problems, continue living in communities of their own choice and stay out of institutions

Marginal food security

had problems at times, or anxiety about, accessing adequate food, but the quality, variety and quantity of food intake were not substantially reduced.

High food security

no problem, or anxiety about, consistently accessing adequate food.

What officially defines the eligibility for most federal assistance programs

poverty line

The five components of the concept food security

quantity, quality, suitability, psychological, and social

Low food security

reduced quality, variety, and desirability of diets, but the quantity of food intake were not substantially reduced.

Community food security

the development and enhancement of sustainable, community-based strategies to ensure that all persons in a community have access to culturally acceptable, nutritionally adequate food through local nonemergency sources at all times.

Feeding America

the nation's largest supplier of surplus food and distributes food to food banks and other agencies

Groups subject to food insecurity

the poor, the working poor, the young, ethnic minorities, older adults, inner-city and rural dwellers, certain southern and western states, farmers, the homeless

Causes of hunger/food insecure

unemployment, poverty, low wages, high housing costs, medical or health costs.