Comm Nut Ch 10
SNAP (which is the biggest recipient), National School Lunch Program, WIC program, School Breakfast Program, and Child and Adult Care Food Program
95% of all federal expenditures for food assistance went to which five programs?
Food Security
Access by all people at all times to enough food for an active, healthy life.
commodity supplemental food program, food distribution program on Indian reservation, emergency food assistance program, nutrition services incentive program, food distribution disaster assistance
Food Distribution Programs include
low-cost, nutritious meals, opportunities for social interaction, nutrition educations and shopping assistance, counseling and referral to other social services, transportation services
Goals of the OAA
Food Insecurity
Limited or uncertain ability to acquire or consume an adequate quality or sufficient quantity of food in socially acceptable ways.
allotments are insufficient to meets need, environmental factors, many eligible to not participate, possibility for abuse
Major Problems of EBT
PRWORA
Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996
incomes @ or below 130% of poverty lines receive free meals, incomes b/w 130 and 185% of poverty lines receive reduced priced meals, and students in SNAP receive free meals automatically
Those eligible for the National School Lunch Program and School Breakfast Program
1. provide, from farmers' markets, fresh, nutritious unprepared F&V to low income, at risk women, infants, and children 2. to expand the awareness and use of farmers' markets and increase sales at such markets
Two goals of the WIC Farmers' Market Nutrition Program
SNAP
is an entitlement program, which means that anyone who meets eligibility standards is entitled to receive benefits
foods and seeds but not ready to eat hot foods, vitamins or medicines, pet foods, tobacco, cleaning items, alcohol, or nonfood items
EBT can be used for
Very low food security
Eating patterns were disrupted and food intake reduced due to a lack of money and other resources for food
most households must have gross monthly incomes below 130% of the poverty line and net monthly income at or below 100% of poverty guidelines for their household size
Eligibility requirements for the SNAP include
after-school snack program, special milk program, summer food service program for children and seamless summer, child and adult care food program
Examples of Child Nutrition and related Programs
coupons are provided to low-income seniors that may be used to purchase fresh, unprepared, locally grown produce @ farmers' markets
Senior Farmers' Market Nutrition Program (SFMNP)
TANF
Temporary Assistance for Needy Families
SNAP (supplemental nutriton assistance program)
The benefits of this program enable recipients to buy approved food items in approved grocery stores w/ the goal of improving diets of low-income households by increasing access to food and food purchasing ability.
income, household size, assets, housing costs, work requirements/factors
The eligibility and allotments of the SNAP are based on
improve the food security, nutritional status, and health of Americans.
The ultimate goal of the food assistance programs is to
income (at or below 185% of the poverty line or by participation in the SNAP or medicaid programs
WIC financial eligibility is determined by
medically-based risks such as anemia, maternal age, or history of high-risk pregnancies, diet-based risks (dietary pattern), conditions that make the applicant predisposed to medically-based or diet-based risks, such as alcoholism or drug addiction
WIC nutritional risks include
infants, children up to age 5, pregnant, breastfeeding, and non-breastfeeding postpartum women who qualify financially and are at nutritional risk
WIC provides supplemental foods to the following groups
food packages or vouchers for supplemental food to provide specific nutrients (protein, calcium, iron, Vit A & C) known to be lacking in the diets of the target group, nutrition education, and referrals to health care services
WIC services include
volunteer in programs, help inform low-income people about these programs, help increase accessibility of existing programs to those who need them, support local farmer's markets, community gardens, and roadside stands, learn more about the problem of food insecurity, and call and write legislators about food insecurity issues.
What can individuals due to develop food security
EBT (electronic benefits transfer card)
benefits of the SNAP are issued in the form of
Child and Adult Care Food Program
designed to help public and private nonresidential child and adult day care programs provide nutritious meals for children up to age 12, adults older than 60, and certain people with disabilities
Key Provisions of the PRWORA
establishes TANF, changes eligibility standards for Supplemental Security Income child disability benefits, requires states to enforce a strong child support program for collection of child support payments, and restricts aliens' eligibility for welfare and other public benefits, alters eligibility criteria and benefits for child nutrition programs, and tightens national standards for food stamps and commodity distribution.
Older American Act (OAA) Nutrition Program
formerly known as the elderly nutrition program/intended to improve older people's nutrition status and enable them to avoid medical problems, continue living in communities of their own choice and stay out of institutions
Marginal food security
had problems at times, or anxiety about, accessing adequate food, but the quality, variety and quantity of food intake were not substantially reduced.
High food security
no problem, or anxiety about, consistently accessing adequate food.
What officially defines the eligibility for most federal assistance programs
poverty line
The five components of the concept food security
quantity, quality, suitability, psychological, and social
Low food security
reduced quality, variety, and desirability of diets, but the quantity of food intake were not substantially reduced.
Community food security
the development and enhancement of sustainable, community-based strategies to ensure that all persons in a community have access to culturally acceptable, nutritionally adequate food through local nonemergency sources at all times.
Feeding America
the nation's largest supplier of surplus food and distributes food to food banks and other agencies
Groups subject to food insecurity
the poor, the working poor, the young, ethnic minorities, older adults, inner-city and rural dwellers, certain southern and western states, farmers, the homeless
Causes of hunger/food insecure
unemployment, poverty, low wages, high housing costs, medical or health costs.