Comprehensive Physics

2. 218Po

222Rn (Radon) is an unstable nucleus which alpha decays. The resulting nucleus is 1. 222Pb 2. 218Po 3. 214Pb 4. 218Bi 5. 220Po

Which of the points shown in the figure below are at the same potential? 2 and 5. 2, 3, and 5. 1 and 4. 1 and 5. 2 and 4.

1 and 4.

4. Into the page

An electron moves perpendicular to a magnetic field. A magnetic force acts on it in the direction shown. What is the direction of B? 1. Left 2. Up 3. Down 4. Into the page 5. Out of the page

single-electron atoms.

Bohr's model of the atom accounted for the spectra of single-electron atoms. all atoms many low atomic number atoms normal Helium atoms. all noble gases.

Yes, if it travels in a direction parallel or anti-parallel to the magnetic field.

Can an electron move through a region of magnetic field without being deflected?

15 kΩ

Determine the equivalent resistance between points A and B in the following circuit. 34 kΩ 1.21 kΩ 13.5 kΩ 23.7 kΩ 15 kΩ

D

Equipotential lines are shown. For which region is the magnitude of the electric field the greatest? A B C D It is the same everywhere

3. zero.

Location P is equidistant from the two charges of an electric dipole. The voltage at P is 1. positive. 2. negative. 3. zero.

x = xC

The wave function ψ(x,t) for a neutron is shown at some time t. Around which point is the neutron most likely to be found at time t? x = 0 x = xA x = xB x = xC There is no most likely place.

IT = I1 = I2 = I3

Three resistors connected in series carry currents labeled I1, I2, I3, respectively. Which of the following expresses the value of the total current IT in the system made up of the three resistors? IT = I1 + I2 + I3 IT = (1/I1 + 1/I2 + 1/I3)-1 IT = (1/I1 + 1/I2 + 1/I3) IT = 3I1 = 3I2 = 3I3 IT = I1 = I2 = I3

1. a metal detector

What is shown in the diagram below? 1. a metal detector 2. a X-ray machine 3. an explosive detector 4. a NMR machine

3. 4.10 x 1014 Hz

What is the frequency of light that has a wavelength λn = 550 nm in water, if the index of refraction for this light is n = 1.33? 1. 3.76 x 1014 Hz 2. 5.45 x 1014 Hz 3. 4.10 x 1014 Hz 4. 5.00 x 1014 Hz 5. 7.25 x 1014 Hz

27/5

What is the ratio of the longest wavelength of the Balmer series to the longest wavelength of the Lyman series? 9/4 27/5 4/9 5/27 3/2 2/3

10000 Ω

What is the resistance of the series RC circuit referred to in the previous problem? 4 Ω 1 Ω 100 Ω 2000 Ω 10000 Ω

The lens is diverging.

Which of the following is NOT correct for a simple magnifying glass? The lens is diverging. The image is erect. The object is closer to the lens than the focal point. The image is larger than the object. The image is virtual.

sound waves

Which of these is NOT a form of electromagnetic radiation?

appears larger than it actually is.

You are looking at a fish in a spherical goldfish bowl. In the diagram the fish is represented by an arrow. the fish appears larger than it actually is. appears smaller than it actually is. appears to have its actual size. appears flipped horizontally. appears inverted (flipped vertically).

0.057 N

n the figure below, the cube is 40 cm on each edge. Four straight-line segments, ab, bc, cd, and da form a closed loop that carries a current I = 5 A. A uniform magnetic field B = 0.02 T is in the positive y-direction. What is the magnitude of the magnetic force on the wire segment da? zero 0.04 N 0.057 N 0.6 N 0.914 N

The two samples will have approximately the same number of decays per second.

14C is produced in the upper atmosphere by cosmic rays. Living organisms uptake 14C. Assume we isolate the same quantity of 14C from a 1000 year old fossil and from a recently harvested tomato. We monitor the decay of these quantities. The carbon isolated from the tomato plant will have more decays per second that the carbon isolated from the fossil. The carbon isolated from the fossil will have more decays per second that the carbon isolated from the tomato plant. The two samples will have approximately the same number of decays per second. It is impossible to compare the decay rates, since nuclear decay is a random process.

1. 168O because it is doubly magic.

168O, 178O, and 188O are all stable oxygen isotopes. Which one likely has the largest binding energy per nucleon? 1. 168O because it is doubly magic. 2. 188O because it has the smallest proton to neutron ratio. 3. 178O because it lies between two stable isotopes. 4. They all have the same binding energy per nucleon.

228 90 Th

228 90 Th emits a gamma ray. What is the resulting nucleus? 228 90 Th 228 91 Pa 229 90 Th 230 92 U 232 92 U

The excess charge distributes itself over the surface of the conductor so that the interior is free of electric fields.

5 microCoulomb of excess negative charge is placed on a previously neutral conductor. What happens to this charge if the conductor is left undisturbed? The excess charge moves to the center of the conductor, as far away from the surface as possible. The excess charge distributes itself evenly throughout the conductor. The excess charge distributes itself over the surface of the conductor so that the interior is free of electric fields. The excess charge distributes itself over the surface of the conductor so that the electric field in the interior is maximized.

The excess charge distributes itself over the surface of the conductor so that the interior is free of electric fields.

5 microCoulomb of excess negative charge is placed on a previously neutral conductor. What happens to this charge if the conductor is left undisturbed? The excess charge moves to the center of the conductor, as far away from the surface as possible. The excess charge distributes itself evenly throughout the conductor. The excess charge distributes itself over the surface of the conductor so that the electric field in the interior is maximized. The excess charge distributes itself over the surface of the conductor so that the interior is free of electric fields.

2.33 eV

A 1 ns laser pulse from a neodymium-YAG laser, at 532 nm, contains 5 J. What is the energy of each photon in the pulse in units of eV? (1 eV = 1.6*10-19 J) 2.33 eV 3.74*10-19 eV 660 keV 5.64*1014 eV 0.43 eV

2.6 MJ

A 9 V battery is rated at 80 Ah. It can deliver a current of 80 A for one hour, or a current of 40 A for 2 hours, etc. What is the total energy stored in the battery? 720 kWh 0.66 kWh 2.6 MJ 0.2 kWh 0.72 J

B. (b)

A and B represent objects with -2 and +1 unit of charge respectively. Choose the pair of force vectors that correctly compare the electric force on A (caused by B) with the electric force on B (caused by A). Hint: Newton's 3rd law A. (a) B. (b) C. (c) D. (d) E. (e)

1. Clockwise.

A bar magnet is positioned in front of a horizontal loop of wire with its north pole pointing toward the loop. Then the magnet is pulled away from the loop. Does the induced current in the loop flow clockwise or counterclockwise? 1. Clockwise. 2. Counterclockwise. 3. Neither. No current is induced.

one-half the number that hit when the area is illuminated by beam A.

A beam of light A has twice the wavelength but the same intensity as a beam B. The number of photons that hit a given area in a given time, when illuminated by beam B is twice the number that hit when the area is illuminated by beam A. the same as the number that hit when the area is illuminated by beam A. one-half the number that hit when the area is illuminated by beam A. four times the number that hit when the area is illuminated by beam A. one-quarter the number that hit when the area is illuminated by beam A.

1. only red light

A beam of light that consists of a mixture of red, green and violet light strikes a prism (surrounded by air) as shown. Indices of refraction for this prism for the various colors are shown in the table below. violet: n = 1.47 green: n = 1.43 red: n = 1.40 An observer is located to the right of the prism as shown. Which color(s) could, in principle, be seen by the observer? 1. only red light 2. only green light 3. only violet light 4. only green and red light 5. only green and violet light

The whole bird is at approximately the same potential, so there is no electric field across it.

A bird sits on a high-voltage line. Why does the bird not get hurt? Birds are not affected by electric fields. The whole bird is at approximately the same potential, so there is no electric field across it. The bird is very small, and therefore can hold only a small amount of charge. The bird's charge is opposite to that of the line, and the charges cancel out. The bird is very lucky.

(c)

A bulb (i.e., a resistor) is connected in series to a switch, a battery, and an uncharged capacitor. At t = 0, the switch is closed. Which of the following best describes the brightness of the bulb as a function of time? (a) (b) (c) (d) The current is constant since the battery voltage is constant

the author of the textbook made a mistake.

A certain physics textbook shows a region of space in which two electric field lines cross each other. We should conclude that at least two point charges are present. an electrical conductor is present. an insulator is present. the field points in two directions at the same place. the author of the textbook made a mistake.

always attract one another.

A charged insulator and an uncharged metal always repel one another. exert no electrostatic force on one another. always attract one another. may attract or repel, depending on the sign of the charge on the insulator.

4. zero.

A circular loop of wire carries a constant current. If the loop is placed in a region of uniform magnetic field, the net magnetic force on the loop is 1. perpendicular to the plane of the loop, in a direction given by a right-hand rule. 2. perpendicular to the plane of the loop, in a direction given by a left-hand rule. 3. in the same plane as the loop. 4. zero. 5. The answer depends on the magnitude and direction of the current and on the magnitude and direction of the magnetic field.

the induced emf is zero.

A circular loop of wire is in a region of spatially uniform magnetic field as shown in the figure. The magnetic field is directed into the plane of the figure. If the magnetic field magnitude is constant the induced emf is clockwise. the induced emf is counterclockwise. the induced emf is zero. The answer depends on the strength of the field.

No, it is not possible to induce a steady current in the coil.

A coil is connected to a galvanometer, which can measure the current flowing through the coil. You are not allowed to connect a battery to this coil. Given a magnet, a battery and a long piece of wire, can you induce a steady current in that coil? Yes, just set the magnet inside the coil. Yes, move the magnet back and forth through the coil. Yes, connect the two ends of the wire to the battery and stretch the wire out next to the coil. No, it is not possible to induce a steady current in the coil.

The emf quadruples.

A coil is placed in a changing magnetic field and an emf is induced. What happens to the induced emf if the rate of change of magnetic field quadruples? The emf halves. There is no change. The emf quadruples. The emf doubles. The emf increases by a factor of 16

The emf quadruples.

A coil is placed in a changing magnetic field and an emf is induced. What happens to the induced emf if the rate of change of magnetic field quadruples? There is no change. The emf increases by a factor of 16. The emf doubles. The emf quadruples. The emf halves.

16 cm

A concave mirror forms an inverted image, four times larger than the object. If the distance between image and object is 0.6 m, find the focal length of the mirror. 2 cm 9.6 cm 24 cm 60 cm 16 cm

Almost exactly a distance f in front of the mirror.

A concave mirror of focal length f forms an image of the moon. Where is the image located? Almost exactly a distance f behind the mirror. Almost exactly a distance f in front of the mirror. At a distance behind the mirror equal to the distance of the moon in front of the mirror. At a distance in front of the mirror equal to one half the distance of the moon in front of the mirror. At the mirror's surface.

Almost exactly a distance f in front of the mirror.

A concave mirror of focal length f forms an image of the moon. Where is the image located? At a distance behind the mirror equal to the distance of the moon in front of the mirror. Almost exactly a distance f in front of the mirror. At a distance in front of the mirror equal to one half the distance of the moon in front of the mirror. Almost exactly a distance f behind the mirror. At the mirror's surface.

left

A conducting rod is pulled through the magnetic field shown. Which side of the rod becomes negatively charged? Top Bottom Left Right None

at f

A converging (convex) lens has focal length f. An object is located at infinity. The image formed is located at 2f. between f and 2f. at f between f and the lens. at infinity.

will brake and quickly come to rest.

A copper plate is free to swing between the poles of a large electromagnet. When the field is turned up the plate will swing faster. will brake and quickly come to rest. will become a permanent magnet. will swing with a larger amplitude, because it is pushed by the magnet. will not be affected at all.

zero

A cubical closed surface has N inward electric flux lines passing through one face and N outward electric flux lines passing through the opposite face as shown in the figure. The flux lines exhibit convergence and there are no flux lines passing through any other face. If the magnitude of the electric field at the centre of the cube is E, the total charge inside the cube is ε0N. -ε0N. 2ε0N. -2ε0N. zero.

form circles that go around the wire.

A current in a long, straight wire produces a magnetic field. The magnetic field lines go out from the wire to infinity. come in from infinity to the wire. form circles that pass through the wire. form circles that go around the wire. are parallel to the wire.

form circles that go around the wire.

A current in a long, straight wire produces a magnetic field. The magnetic field lines go out from the wire to infinity. come in from infinity to the wire. form circles that pass through the wire. form circles that go around the wire. are parallel to the wire.

0.17 Nm

A current loop lies in the xy-plane. It has a magnetic dipole moment of 0.1 A-m2 along the z-axis. A uniform 2 T magnetic field parallel to the xz-plane makes a 30° angle with the x-axis. What is the magnitude of the net torque on the current loop? 0.2 Nm 0.1 Nm 0.17 Nm 0 Nm 0.87 Nm

A current flows clockwise around the loop

A current-carrying wire is pulled away from a conducting loop in the direction shown. As the wire is moving away, what is the current in the loop? A current flows clockwise around the loop . A current flows counter-clockwise around the loop. The loop becomes polarized. Electrons move towards the right, and the left side is at a higher potential than the right side. The loop becomes polarized. Electrons move towards the left, and the right side is at a higher potential than the right side. No current flows in the loop and no potential difference develops across any parts of the loop.

The image is smaller than Santa.

A department store Santa Claus looks at his reflection in a spherical Christmas tree ornament. Which one of the following statements concerning the Santa's image is true? The image is real. The image is farther from the ornament than Santa is. The image is larger than Santa. The image is inverted. The image is smaller than Santa.

1. B<C<D<A (least curved to most curved)

A diagram of an irregularly shaped charged conductor is shown below. Four locations along the surface are labeled A, B, C, and D. Rank these locations in increasing order of the strength of the electric field just outside the surface, beginning with the smallest electric field 1. B<C<D<A 2. The field is the same everywhere just outside the surface. 3. B=C<D=A

chromatic aberration

A given convex lens has a focal length that varies slightly with the wavelength of the light passing through it. When the a lens is used as the objective of a telescope, this results in distortion. spherical aberration. chromatic aberration. astigmatism. nothing! The premise is wrong. A convex lens has the same focal length for all wavelengths of light passing through it.

2. The red beam

A green and a red laser pointer each emit a 1 mW light beam. Which beam delivers more photons per second? 1. The green beam 2. The red beam 3. Both beams deliver the same number of photons. 4. Impossible to know. The number of photons and the beam energy cannot be determined simultaneously

4

A group of quantum state of the hydrogen atom has n = 4. How many values of l are possible for the states in this group? 0 1 2 3 4 5 6

7

A group of quantum states of the hydrogen atom has n = 5. A subgroup of this group has l = 3. How many values of m are possible for the states in this subgroup? 1 3 5 6 7 10 11

3. 8

A hydrogen atom electron is excited to an energy of −13.6/4 eV. How many different quantum states are there with this energy? Hint: Find n, find all possible l, for each l, find all possible m and ms. Remember: n = 1, 2, 3, ... l = 0, 1, 2, ... n-1 m = 0, ±1, ±2, ... ±l ms = ± 1⁄2 1. 1 2. 4 3. 8 4. 18 5. More than 18

6

A hydrogen atom is in a state for which the principle quantum number is n = 3. How many possible such states are there for which the quantum number m = 0? 2 4 6 8 10

1. (a)n=3 (b)n=1 (c)n=5

A hydrogen atom is in the third excited state. To what state should it jump to (a) emit light with the longest possible wavelength, (b) emit light with the shortest possible wavelength, and (c) absorb light with the longest possible wavelength? 1. (a)n=3 (b)n=1 (c)n=5 2. (a)n=3 (b)n=1 (c)n=∞ 3. (a)n=2 (b)n=1 (c)n=3 4. (a)n=1 (b)n=2 (c)n= ∞ 5. (a)n=1 (b)n=3 (c)n=5

40.8

A hydrogenic He ion is excited from its ground state to the state with n = 2. How much energy (in eV) must be absorbed by the ion? 10.2 13.6 20.4 27.2 40.8 54.4

3. 3

A hypothetical atom has 3 energy states. Assuming all transitions are possible, how many spectral lines can this atom produce? 1. 1 2. 2 3. 3 4. 4

B. decreased.

A laser beam is used to read the information on an optical disc. In order to get more information on the disc, the wavelength of the laser used to read the information should be A. increased. B. decreased. C. The wavelength of the laser reading has nothing to do with how much information can be read.

1. It is real and inverted.

A light source with an arrow pointing up is placed at the zero mark on an optical bench. A convex lens of unknown focal length is placed with its center at the 30 cm mark on the bench. A focused image appears on a collector when placed at the 45 cm mark on the bench. What must be true about the image? 1. It is real and inverted. 2. It is virtual and inverted. 3. It is real and upright. 4. It is virtual and upright.

6 V

A loop of wire of area 2 m2 is placed with its plane perpendicular to a magnetic field of 3 T. If in 2 seconds the loop is flipped over one half rotation (180o), so that the plane is again perpendicular to the magnetic field, what is the induced emf? 2 V 3 V 6 V 12 V 24 V

θ = 60o

A loop of wire of area A is tipped at an angle θ to a uniform magnetic field B. The maximum flux occurs for an angle θ = 0o. What angle θ will give a flux that is ½ of this maximum value? θ = 20o θ = 30o θ = 45o θ = 60o θ = 90o

will slow down the falling magnet.

A magnet falls through a metal pipe. This induces a current which The premise is false. There is no wire loop, and therefore no induced current. will speed up the falling magnet. does not affect the speed of the falling magnet. will slow down the falling magnet.

2. will slow down the falling magnet.

A magnet falls through a metal pipe. This induces a current which 1. does not affect the speed of the falling magnet. 2. will slow down the falling magnet. 3. will speed up the falling magnet. 4. The premise is false. There is no wire loop, and therefore no induced current.

is a conductor.

A magnet moving past an object will produce eddy currents in the object only if the object is made of magnetic material. is a liquid. is a conductor. is a paramagnetic material. is an insulator.

only its atomic number

A material is known to be an isotope of lead, although the particular isotope is not known. From such limited information, which of the following quantities can you specify: its atomic number, its neutron number, its atomic mass number? only its atomic number only its neutron number only its atomic mass number its atomic number and its atomic mass number its neutron number and its atomic mass number

5.3*10-9 m

A memory cell in a computer contains a capacitor to store charge. Charge being stored or not being stored corresponds to the binary digits 1 and 0. To pack the cells more densely, trench capacitors are often used in which the plates of a capacitor are mounted vertically along the walls of a trench etched into a silicon chip. If we have a capacitance of 50*10-15 F and each plate has an area of 30*10-12 m2 (micron-sized trenches), what is the plate separation? 5.3*10-9 m 1.5* 10-14 m 1.7*10-3 m 6*10-6 m

moves to the right.

A metal rod is placed across two metal rails that are connected to a battery and a switch. When the switch is closed, the rod moves to the left. moves to the right. moves up. does not move.

moves to the right.

A metal rod is placed across two metal rails that are connected to a battery and a switch. When the switch is closed, the rod moves up. moves to the left. moves to the right. does not move

28.8 degrees

A narrow beam of sodium yellow light, with wavelength 589 nm in vacuum, is incident from air onto a smooth water surface at an angle of incidence of 40 degrees with respect to the normal. The index of refraction of water is 1.33. What is the angle of refraction in degrees? 40 degrees 25.5 degrees 61.2 degrees 22.8 degrees 28.8 degrees

D

A negatively charged balloon is attracted to a neutral wooden cabinet due to polarization. Which one of the following diagrams best depict why this occurs? A B C D E F

Each of the individual resistances is greater than 2 Ω.

A parallel combination of resistors has an equivalent (or effective) resistance of 2 Ω. Which one of the following is true? The sum of the individual resistances is 2 Ω. Each of the individual resistances is greater than 2 Ω. Each of the individual resistances is smaller than 2 Ω. The sum of the reciprocals of the individual resistances is 2 Ω.

Each of the individual resistances is greater than 2 Ω.

A parallel combination of resistors has an equivalent (or effective) resistance of 2 Ω. Which one of the following is true? The sum of the individual resistances is 2 Ω. The sum of the reciprocals of the individual resistances is 2 Ω. Each of the individual resistances is greater than 2 Ω. Each of the individual resistances is smaller than 2 Ω. None of the above is true.

2. the voltage increases

A parallel-plate capacitor initially is connected to a battery and the plates hold charge ±Q. The battery is then disconnected. If the plate spacing is now doubled, what happens? 1. the voltage decreases 2. the voltage increases 3. the charge decreases 4. the charge increases 5. both voltage and charge change

is a ray that moves nearly parallel to the optical axis.

A paraxial ray is a ray that moves nearly parallel to the optical axis. moves in a parabolic path. is a ray that moves exactly parallel to the optical axis. is a ray that has been reflected from parabolic mirror.

4 --> 1

A partial energy level spectrum of hypothetical element X is given below. Of the transitions listed below, which one produces the shortest wavelength photon? 4 --> 3 6 --> 2 6 --> 5 2 --> 1 4 --> 1

diverging

A person who is "near-sighted", or myopic, cannot focus on faraway objects (objects at infinity) because the curvature of the person's eye-lens is too great. This causes parallel rays (from a distant point source) to bend too much and focus in front of the retina. The person sees a fuzzy patch of light rather than a sharp point. This person needs eyeglasses with lenses that are polarized. either diverging or converging, depending on the prescription. corrected for astigmatism. converging. diverging.

a converging lens

A person's image appears on the far side of an optical instrument, upside down. What is the optical instrument? A concave mirror A plane mirror A diverging lens A converging lens A convex mirror

2. Farsighted

A person's left eye is corrected by a 2.50-diopter lens, 1.0 cm from the eye. Is this person's left eye near- or farsighted? 1. Nearsighted 2. Farsighted

A light bulb is placed at the focal point of a converging lens .

A physics student desires to create a beam of light that consists of parallel rays. Which one of the following arrangements would allow her to accomplish this task? A light bulb is placed at the focal point of a convex mirror. A light bulb is placed at the focal point of a diverging lens A light bulb is placed at the focal point of a converging lens . A light bulb is located at twice the focal length from a concave mirror. A light bulb is located at twice the focal length from a converging lens.

into the page

A positive charge is moving with velocity v in a region with magnetic field B. What is the direction of the force on the particle? Positive charge to the right -> Magnetic field B going down opposite the direction of v in the direction of v into the page out of the page There is no force on the particle.

into the page

A positive charge is moving with velocity v in a region with magnetic field B. What is the direction of the force on the particle? positive charge to the right -> magnetic field going down opposite the direction of v in the direction of v into the page out of the page There is no force on the particle.

F is the same at all locations, but not zero.

A positive charge is placed at one of 3 locations in a region where the electric field is uniform. Compare the magnitude F of the electric force on the charge at the different locations. F is greatest at location 1. F is greatest at location 2. F is greatest at location 3. F is the same at all locations, but not zero. F is zero at all locations

diverging with focal length equal to 20 cm.

A prescription for corrective lenses reads -5 D for each lens. These corrective lenses are converging with focal length equal to 20 m. diverging with focal length equal to 5 cm. converging with focal length equal to 5 m. converging with focal length equal to 5 cm. diverging with focal length equal to 5 m. diverging with focal length equal to 20 cm.

collide close to x = d.

A proton is initially at rest at x = d and an electron is initially at rest at x = -d. At the same instant they are released. They subsequently fly away from each other. collide at x = 0. collide close to x = d. collide close to x = -d. orbit each other.

east

A proton is released near the equator and falls toward the earth under the influence of gravity. The magnetic force on the proton will be toward the east. west. north. south. The magnetic force will be zero.

3. has a atomic number that is one less than that of X.

A radioactive atom X emits a β+ particle. The resulting atom 1. must be very reactive chemically. 2. has an atomic number that is one more than that of X. 3. has a atomic number that is one less than that of X. 4. must be radioactive. 5. is the same chemical element as X.

The index of refraction of the unknown liquid is the same as that of the glass.

A ray of green light travels through air and is refracted as it enters a glass prism shown in the figure. An unknown liquid is in contact with the right side of the prism. The light then follows the path shown. Which one of the following statements concerning this situation is true? The frequency of the light changes inside the prism. The index of refraction of the glass is smaller than that of air. The index of refraction of the unknown liquid is the same as that of the glass. The speed of light is larger in the liquid than in the glass. The refractive index of the liquid is the same as that of air.

2. V4 >V3 >V2 >V1

A real, not ideal, battery is connected as shown. Rank the potential difference across the terminals from the greatest to the smallest. 1. V1 >V2 >V3 >V4 2. V4 >V3 >V2 >V1 3. V1 =V4 >V2 =V3 4. V1 =V2 =V3 =V4 5. This cannot be determined from the information given.

0.0087 A

A single circular loop of wire has a resistance of 1 Ohm and a radius of 0.8 m. A magnetic field whose direction makes an angle of 30 degrees with the normal to the plane of the loop increases at a rate of 5 milliTesla/s. What is the current flowing in the loop? zero 0.01 A 0.0087 A 10 A The current varies with time.

to the left

A solenoid is connected to a battery as shown. A bar magnet is placed nearby. What is the direction of the magnetic force the solenoid exerts on the bar magnet? upward downward There is no magnetic force, only an electric force. to the left to the right

to the left

A solenoid is connected to a battery as shown. A bar magnet is placed nearby. What is the direction of the magnetic force the solenoid exerts on the bar magnet? upward downward to the right to the left There is no magnetic force, only an electric force.

r = 0 (center of the sphere)

A solid, conducting sphere of radius R is positively charged. Of the following distances from the center of the sphere, which location will have the greatest electric potential? (Take V = 0 at r = infinity.) r = 0 (center of the sphere) r = 1.1 R. r = 1.25 R. r = 2 R. None of the above because the potential is constant.

1. a - +

A square conductor moves through a uniform magnetic field. The field points out of the page. Which of the figures shows the correct charge distribution on the conductor? a. - + b. - + c. + - d. + - 1. a 2. b 3. c 4. d

The magnetic force will be zero.

A stationary positive charge +Q is located in a magnetic field B, which is directed toward the right as indicated. The direction of the magnetic force on Q is towards the right. towards the left. up. down. The magnetic force will be zero.

it must be parallel to B.

A straight length of current carrying wire is in a uniform magnetic field. If the wire does not experience a force, it must be perpendicular to B . it must be parallel to B. everything is as it should be. we have an impossible situation.

3979 A

A superconducting solenoid (coil) is used to generate a magnetic field of 10 T. If the solenoid winding has 2000 turns/m, what is the required current in the solenoid? 2000 A 398 A 4 mA 3979 A 25m A

A current flows momentarily clockwise in the loop.

A switch is flipped and the current flowing through a wire is turned on. A current flows momentarily clockwise in the loop. A current flows momentarily counterclockwise in the loop. A steady current will flow clockwise in the loop. A steady current will flow counterclockwise in the loop. No current will flow in the loop. It is not connected to the wire.

4. 8.13*10-8

A telescope with a 6 m diameter lens is in orbit around Earth. What is its maximum resolution for 400 nm light, i.e. what is the smallest angle θ(rad) between objects it just can resolve? 1. 4*10-9 2. 6*10-7 3. 1.22*10-7 4. 8.13*10-8

the rate of change of the magnetic flux through the coils is zero

A transformer consisting of a primary and a secondary coil cannot raise or lower a DC supply voltage because DC voltages do not need to be changed. The power loss in DC circuits is too high. DC currents deliver too much power. the rate of change of the magnetic flux through the coils is zero

the charge is negative and slowing down.

A uniform magnetic field is directed into the page. A charged particle, moving in the plane of the page, follows a clockwise spiral of decreasing radius. A reasonable explanation is that the charge is positive and slowing down. the charge is negative and slowing down. the charge is positive and speeding up. the charge is negative and speeding up. none of the above.

out of the page.

A wire carries a current I as shown below. The magnetic field at the position P points point p above wire wire current to the right -> down. up. out of the page. into the page. left. right.

Yes, it is a transverse wave and the electric field has a well-defined direction.

After students have completed an entire lab on polarization, the instructor asks them for a sketch of a polarized light wave. One student provides the sketch shown below. Does this sketch represent a polarized wave? No, it is just a plane old wave. No, the magnetic field is missing. Yes, it is a transverse wave and the electric field has a well-defined direction. No, the student did not draw a polarizer, which is needed to define the polarization.

positive z direction

An electromagnetic wave is transporting energy in the positive y direction. At one point and one instant the magnetic field is in the positive x direction. The electric field at that point and instant points in the positive y direction. negative y direction. positive z direction negative z direction negative x direction

By reducing the frequency of the wave by a factor of three.

An electromagnetic wave travels in a vacuum. The wavelength of the wave is tripled. How is this accomplished? By tripling the magnitudes of the electric and magnetic fields that comprise the wave. By tripling the frequency of the wave. By tripling the speed of the wave. By reducing the frequency of the wave by a factor of three. By reducing the speed of the wave by a factor of three.

55.7

An electron (|q| = 1.6*10-19 C, m = 9.1*10-31 kg) is suspended at rest in a uniform electric field of magnitude E. Its weight mg (g = 9.8 m/s2) near the Earth's surface is exactly canceled by the electrostatic force. Determine the magnitude of the electric field E in units of pN/C. (1 pN = 10-12 N)

389

An electron in a hydrogen atom makes a transition from the n = 8 to the n = 2 energy state. Determine the wavelength of the emitted photon (in nm). 182 389 246 614 1461

increases by 1.6*10-17 J.

An electron travels through free space from point A, which is at 100 V, to point B, which is at 200 V. The kinetic energy of the electron during this trip stays constant. increases by 1.6*10-17 J. decreases by 1.6*10-17 J. decreases by 100 V. increases by 100 V.

4. x= D

An energy eigenfunction ψ(x) for an electron in the potential energy well pictured below is shown. Around which point is the electron most likely to be found? 1. x= A 2. x= B 3. x= C 4. x= D 5. There is no most likely place.

3, 2, -2, -1/2

An excited hydrogen electron is in the principal shell n = 3. Which of the following is a possible set of quantum numbers (n, l, m, ms) for the electron's state? 3, 1, 2, 1/2 3, 2, -3, 1/2 3, 1, 2, 1/2 3, 2, -2, -1/2

50%

An ideal polarizer will transmit 50% of unpolarized light incident on it. How much light is transmitted by two ideal polarizers in series that are oriented with their transmission axes parallel to each other? between 50% and 100% 100% between 0% and 50% 50% 0%

The image becomes dimmer.

An image is formed by a converging lens. Suppose the bottom half of the lens in covered, as shown. What happens to the image? The image disappears. The image becomes dimmer. The image rotates. The image moves relative to the lens. The top half of the image disappears. The bottom half of the image disappears. Nothing.

3

An object 6 centimeters high is placed 30 centimeters from a concave mirror of focal length 10 centimeters as shown. What is the size of the image in cm?

3. Converging lens, xi = 4xo

An object is located a distance xo in front of a lens. The lens produces an inverted image that is four times as tall as the object. What kind of lens is it? What is the image distance, xi ? 1. Converging lens, xi = 2xo 2. Converging lens, xi = xo/4 3. Converging lens, xi = 4xo 4. Diverging lens, xi = -4xo 5. Diverging lens, xi = -xo/4

5. 0.33

An object is placed at 20 cm in front of a diverging lens with a focal length of -10 cm. What is the magnification? 1. 0.25 2. -0.5 3. 0.2 4. -0.67 5. 0.33

real, inverted, enlarged

An object is placed in front of a concave spherical mirror as shown below. F denotes the focal point and C the center of curvature. What is true about the properties of the image? real, upright, enlarged real, inverted, reduced real, inverted, enlarged virtual, upright, enlarged virtual, inverted, reduced

1. 1 only

An object is placed in front of a concave spherical mirror as shown below. The three rays 1, 2, and 3, leave the top of the object and, after reflection, converge at a point on the top of the image. Ray 1 is parallel to the principal axis, ray 2 passes through F, and ray 3 passes through C. Which ray(s) will reflect through F? 1. 1 only 2. 2 only 3. 3 only 4. Both1and2 5. 1,2,and3

10.3

Analyze the circuit shown below to find the total power supplied by the battery in mW.

1.5 nanoseconds

Approximately how long does it take light from your outstretched hand to reach your eyes? 1.5 milliseconds 1.5 microseconds 1.5 nanoseconds 1.5 picoseconds

D. Only diagram d is not valid.

Are all the diagrams below valid field line diagrams? A. Yes. B. No, diagrams b and d are not valid. C. Only diagram b is not valid. D. Only diagram d is not valid. E. Diagram c is not valid.

4. A less intense green beam will eject electrons of less kinetic energy.

Assume that in the experiment shown below electrons are ejected with some kinetic energy when green light hits a metal surface. Which of the statements below is incorrect? 1. Electrons are ejected when UV light hits the surface. 2. Blue light ejects electrons with more kinetic energy. 3. We do not have enough information to predict if red light ejects electrons. 4. A less intense green beam will eject electrons of less kinetic energy.

A positive charge gains electrostatic potential energy when it moves from point B to point A.

Assume that the potential V is higher at point A than at point B. Which statement then is correct? A positive charge gains electrostatic potential energy when it moves from point B to point A. A negative charge gains electrostatic potential energy when it moves from point B to point A. An externall force has to do positive work to move a positive charge from point A to point B. Any charge can move along an equipotential line from point A to point B and neither gain or lose electrostatic potential energy.

A positive charge gains electrostatic potential energy when it moves from point B to point A.

Assume that the potential V is higher at point A than at point B. Which statement then is correct? A positive charge gains electrostatic potential energy when it moves from point B to point A. Any charge can move along an equipotential line from point A to point B and neither gain or lose electrostatic potential energy. A negative charge gains electrostatic potential energy when it moves from point B to point A. An external force has to do positive work to move a positive charge from point A to point B.

1. Its kinetic energy increases by 1.6*10-17 J = 100 eV.

Assume that the potential difference between the positive and negative plate is 100 V. A proton travels from the positive to the negative plate. 1. Its kinetic energy increases by 1.6*10-17 J = 100 eV. 2. Its kinetic energy decreases by 1.6*10-17 J = 100 eV. 3. Its kinetic energy does not change, only its potential energy changes.

C. Yes, but the contrast between the maxima and minima decreases.

Assume that you observe a double-slit interference pattern with many fringes on a screen. The width of one of the slits is then halved, while everything else in the setup stays the same. Do you still observe the interference pattern on the screen? A. Yes, the pattern looks exactly the same. B. Yes, but the contrast between the maxima and minima increases. C. Yes, but the contrast between the maxima and minima decreases. D. No, there can be no interference pattern unless the slits have equal width. E. No, the diffraction pattern of the wider slit is now to narrow.

the resistance is not changed

Assume the voltage across the ends of a wire is doubled. If the material obeys Ohm's law, which one of the following statements concerning the resistance of the wire is true?

The resistance is not changed.

Assume the voltage across the ends of a wire is doubled. If the material obeys Ohm's law, which one of the following statements concerning the resistance of the wire is true? The resistance decreases by a factor of four. The resistance increases by a factor of four. The resistance is not changed. The resistance is twice its original value. The resistance is one half of its original value.

2. may be greater than, less than, or equal to the angle of refraction.

At a boundary between two transparent media, light may be refracted. The angle of incidence: 1. is always less than the angle of refraction. 2. may be greater than, less than, or equal to the angle of refraction. 3. is always greater than the angle of refraction. 4. must equal the angle of refraction

may be greater than, less than, or equal to the angle of refraction.

At a boundary between two transparent media, light may be refracted. The angle of incidence must equal the angle of refraction. is always less than the angle of refraction. is always greater than the angle of refraction. may be greater than, less than, or equal to the angle of refraction.

Approximately 3*1012 fissions per second.

At what rate must Uranium 235 undergo fission by neutron bombardment to generate energy at a rate of 100 W (1 W = 1 J/s)? Assume each fission reaction releases 200 MeV of energy. Approximately 5*1010 fissions per second. Approximately 6*1012 fissions per second. Approximately 4*1011 fissions per second. Approximately 3*1012 fissions per second. Approximately 3*1014 fissions per second.

2a

Blue light of wavelength λ passes through a single slit of width a and forms a diffraction pattern on a screen. If the blue light is replaced by red light of wavelength 2λ, the original diffraction pattern is reproduced if the slit width is changed to what? a/4. a/2. No change is necessary. 2a 4a

By a factor of 2.

By what factor is the radius of the nucleus 160Dy bigger than that of 20Ne? By a factor of less than 1. The strength of the nuclear force increases and nuclei get smaller as more nucleons are added. By a factor of 1. All nuclei are about the same size. By a factor of 2. By a factor of 4. By a factor of 8.

Yes, the camera lens focuses light from a virtual image in exactly the same way as light coming directly from an object

Can you take a picture of a virtual image with a camera? No, the camera lens produces only real images at the sensor or film location. No, there is no real source or object. Yes, the camera lens focuses light from a virtual image in exactly the same way as light coming directly from an object Yes, the camera just produces a virtual picture.

II and IV are correct. II. The magnitude of Q1 is greater than the magnitude of Q2. IV. Q1 and Q2 have the same sign.

Charges Q1 and Q2 are situated as shown below. The electric field is zero at point P. What conclusions can be drawn about the charges Q1 and Q2? I. The magnitudes of Q1 and Q2 are equal. II. The magnitude of Q1 is greater than the magnitude of Q2. III. The magnitude of Q1 is less than the magnitude of Q2. IV. Q1 and Q2 have the same sign. V. Q1 and Q2 have different signs. I and IV are correct. II and IV are correct. II and V are correct. III and IV are correct. III and V are correct.

F. none of these, the vector should point up and left.

Choose the force vector that correctly shows the direction o f t h e net force on charge B due to the other two charges. Charge is given in arbitrary units. A. (a) B. (b) C. (c) D. (d) E. none of these, the net force is zero F. none of these, the vector should point up and left.

2. Nearly the entire charge of any atom is concentrated in the nucleus and the charge of the electrons is almost negligible.

Choose the incorrect statement. 1. Nearly the entire mass of any atom is concentrated in the nucleus and the mass of the electrons is almost negligible. 2. Nearly the entire charge of any atom is concentrated in the nucleus and the charge of the electrons is almost negligible. 3. The planetary model of the atom is wrong. Electrons do not have well- defined orbits. 4. Atoms are mostly empty space. The radius of the nucleus is ~10-5 times that of an atom and electrons seem to be point particles.

A. The socks will cling to the shirts, but not to each other.

Clothes taken from a clothes dryer sometimes cling together. Consider a load of wool socks and cotton-polyester shirts. A. The socks will cling to the shirts, but not to each other. B. Socks will cling to socks and shirts will cling to shirts. C. Everything will cling together. D. All pieces will repel each other.

4. None of the above.

Compare the electric flux through surfaces (a) and (b). All charges have magnitude q. 1. The flux through both surfaces is q/ε0. 2. The flux through both surfaces is 0. 3. The flux through the right surface surfaces is 2q/ε0 while the flux through the left surface is q/ε0 . 4. None of the above.

Red and blue light travel at the same speed.

Compare the speed of red light and blue light in free space. The speed of the light depends on the relative motion of the source and the observer. Since we have no information about this relative motion, we cannot give a definite answer. Red light travels faster. Blue light travels faster. Red and blue light travel at the same speed.

lower

Compared to the effective resistance of two resistors connected in series, the effective resistance of the same two resistors connected in parallel is higher. lower. the same. either higher, lower, or the same, depending on the resistances of the individual resistors.

lower

Compared to the effective resistance of two resistors connected in series, the effective resistance of the same two resistors connected in parallel is higher. lower. the same. either higher, lower, or the same, depending on the resistances of the individual resistors.

C. at the same speed.

Compared to visible light, x‐rays travel A. faster. B. slower. C. at the same speed.

unique to all copper atoms.

Complete the following statement: An individual copper atom emits electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths that are evenly spaced across the spectrum. unique to that particular copper atom. the same as other elements in the same column of the periodic table. unique to all copper atoms. the same as those of all elements.

2. The fringes get closer together.

Consider a double slit interference experiment with electrons. What happens to the interference pattern if we increased the energy of the electrons? Hint: d sinθ = mλ, m = 0, 1, 2, ... . λ = h/√(2mE). 1. Nothing 2. The fringes get closer together. 3. The fringes get further apart.

do (A) only (A) decrease the height of the barrier

Consider a particle tunneling through a barrier. Which of the following will yield the maximum increase in the likelihood of tunneling? (A) decrease the height of the barrier (B) increase the width of the barrier (C) increase the mass of the particle do (A) only do (A) and (B) do (B) and (C) do (A) and (C) do (B) only do (A) and (B) and (C) do (C) only

Impossible to know. Determining the slit it went through and determining its trajectory and arrival position are incompatible measurements.

Consider a photon hitting the screen to the left of center as in the image. Which slit did it go through? Left Right Both Neither Impossible to know. Determining the slit it went through and determining its trajectory and arrival position are incompatible measurements.

2. It increases.

Consider a uniform electric field, for example the field inside a parallel plate capacitor, as shown. If an electron is taken from location A to location B to location C, how does its potential energy change? Hint: ∆U = -qE·∆r. E and ∆r point in the same direction, so E·∆r is positive. 1. It decreases. 2. It increases. 3. It does not change.

2B0.

Consider a very long solenoid with radius R and length L (R << L). The magnetic field at the center of the solenoid is B0. A second solenoid is constructed that has twice the radius, twice the length, and carries twice the current as the original solenoid, but has the same number of turns per meter. The magnetic field at the center of the second solenoid is B0/4. B0/2. B0. 2B0. 24B0.

1 and 3 only 1) All of the pucks feel a force to the right. 3) The puck in E feels a force to the right that is four times greater than that felt by the puck in B.

Consider the 5 arrangements of charges below. (Electric Field Hockey Simulation) Which of the following statements is true? 1) All of the pucks feel a force to the right. 2) The puck in C feels a greater force to the right than the puck in D. 3) The puck in E feels a force to the right that is four times greater than that felt by the puck in B. 4) The net force on the puck in A is zero. 5) The puck in E feels a force to the right that is four times greater than that felt by the puck in D. 1, 2, and 3 only 1 and 3 only 3 and 4 only 1 only 5 only

The magnetic force on the wire points towards the left.

Consider the situation shown below. A wire carrying a current flowing into the page is placed between the poles of a horseshoe magnet. Which statement is correct regarding the magnetic force on the wire? No magnetic force acts on the wire, since it has no net charge. The magnetic force on the wire points towards the right. The magnetic force on the wire points towards the left. The magnetic force on the wire points towards the top of the page. The magnetic force on the wire points towards the bottom of the page..

bend around corners and edges.

Diffraction is the tendency of light to reflect off a mirror. separate into its component colors. bend through a lens. disperse within a prism. bend around corners and edges.

The wave function lets us make predictions about the outcome of all measurements, but we have to operate on it with an operator corresponding to the measurement we want to make.

Does the wave function let us make predictions about the outcome of measurements? The wave function only lets us make predictions about the outcome of position measurements. The wave function only lets us make predictions about the outcome of energy measurements. The wave function lets us make predictions about the outcome of all measurements, but we have to operate on it with an operator corresponding to the measurement we want to make. The wave function is just a mathematical construct. It contains no information about the outcome of real measurements. The wave function tells us that the outcome of all measurements is uncertain.

-,+,-

Each of three objects has a net charge. Objects A and B attract one another. Objects B and C also attract one another, but objects A and C repel one another. Which one of the following table entries is a possible combination of the signs of the charges on these three objects?

a and c (a) distributions of separated charges. (c) changing magnetic fields.

Electric fields are produced by (a) distributions of separated charges. (b) steady currents in neutral wires. (c) changing magnetic fields. a only a and b a and c a, b, and c

5*106 m.

Electromagnetic waves emitted from the wiring in your house due to AC currents oscillating with a frequency of 60 Hz have a wavelength of about 5*10-2 m. 5*10-10 m. 5*103 m. 5*106 m.

3. 5*106 m.

Electromagnetic waves emitted from the wiring in your house due to AC currents oscillating with a frequency of 60 Hz have a wavelength of about 1. 3*108 m. 2. 5*10‐9 m. 3. 5*106 m. 4. 3*103 m.

that we cannot know the electron's position as its moves through a slit and the direction of its momentum with absolute certainty.

Electron diffraction proves that there are two kinds of electron, those that behave like particles, and those that behave like waves. that electrons are not point particles, but very smeared out entities. that electrons cannot be counted. that we cannot know the electron's position as its moves through a slit and the direction of its momentum with absolute certainty. that the electron is not a particle, but a wave.

The charge at B is positive and the charge at A is negative.

Equipotential lines around several point charges are shown. What are the signs of the charges at points A and B? Both charges are positive. Both charges are negative. The charge at A is positive and the charge at B is negative. The charge at B is positive and the charge at A is negative. This cannot be determined fro the information on the diagram.

A: to the right B: up

Equipotential lines around two point charges are shown. What is the direction of the electric field at points A ans B? A: to the right B: to the left The electric field has no direction. A: to the left B: down A: to the right B: up A: to the right B: to the right

4. 4 micrometer

For a grating, interference maxima are observed at angles θ, for which d sinθ = mλ. If a grating has 2500 grooves per cm, what is d? 1. 2500 cm 2. 2 micrometer 3. 0.25 mm 4. 4 micrometer 5. 4 nanometer

The total energy, the magnitude of the orbital angular momentum and its component along the z-axis.

For the electron in the hydrogen atom, which of the sets of observables below are compatible observables? The total energy, the magnitude of the orbital angular momentum and its component along the z-axis. The position, the total energy and the magnitude of the orbital angular momentum. No compatible observables exist. The uncertainty principle prevents us from knowing the value of two observables simultaneously. The x, y, and z component of the orbital angular momentum. The momentum, the magnitude of the orbital angular momentum and its component along the z-axis.

E. BandD ( - P + ) ( + P - )

Four arrangements of charge are shown. Each charge has the same magnitude, but some are positive (+) and some are negative (-). All distances are to the same scale. In which arrangement would the magnitude of the force felt by a positive test charge placed at P be the largest? A. (+ + P) B. (+ P -) C. (+ P +) D. (- P +) A. A only B. B only C. C only D. AandC E. BandD

does none of the above

Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle of quantum mechanics is a mathematical formula that lets us calculate the momentum of an electron or other particle if we know its position. relates the energy and frequency of an electron or other particle. is a mathematical formula that lets us calculate the velocity of an electron or other particle if we know its energy. expresses a relationship between the wavelength and frequency of a photon or other particle. does none of the above.

1. The product has a greater binding energy per nucleon than the pieces.

How does the binding energy per nucleon of a fusion product compare to that of the pieces that combined to form it? 1. The product has a greater binding energy per nucleon than the pieces. 2. The product has less binding energy per nucleon than the pieces. 3. The product has the same binding energy per nucleon than the pieces. 4. It depends on which exact reaction, i.e. on which pieces.

2. The fission fragments have less mass than the original nucleus.

How does the total mass of the fission fragments compare to the mass of the original nucleus in a fission reaction? 1. The fission fragments have more mass than the original nucleus. 2. The fission fragments have less mass than the original nucleus. 3. The fission fragments have the same mass as the original nucleus. 4. Not enough information is given to decide.

3

How many of following statements about the photoelectric effect are true? (a) The greater the frequency of the incident light is, the greater is the stopping potential. (b) The greater the intensity of the incident light is, the greater is the cutoff frequency. (c) The greater the work function of the target material is, the greater is the stopping potential. (d) The greater the work function of the target material is, the greater is the cutoff frequency. (e) The greater the frequency of the incident light is, the greater is the maximum kinetic energy of the ejected electrons. (f) The greater the energy of the photons is, the smaller is the stopping potential. 1 2 3 4 5

2. Approximately parallel from the South pole to the North pole.

How should the field lines inside this bar magnet be drawn? 1. Approximately parallel from the North pole to the South pole. 2. Approximately parallel from the South pole to the North pole. 3. There are no field lines inside the bar magnet.

α, β-, β-, α

Identify in order the decay processes in the decay series shown below. β-, α, β+, β- α, β+, β+, α α, γ, γ, α α, β-, β-, α α, β-, β+, γ

12.5 V

If 500 J of work are required to carry a 40 C charge form one point to another, the potential difference between these two points is 20000 V undefined. It depends on the path the charged was carried on. 0.08 V 12.5 V

4. ~$0.28

If electrical energy costs $0.10 for each kWh, what would it cost to raise a house of mass 5*105 kg (500 metric tons) a height of 1 m above the ground, using an electric motor of 50% efficiency? Use g = 10 m/s2. 1. ~$0.14 2. ~$500000 3. ~$170 4. ~$0.28 5. ~$2.8

Chromatic abberation

If non-paraxial rays enter an image forming system using spherical mirrors or lenses, the image may be blurred due to aberrations. Which of the following types of aberrations is not produced by spherical mirrors? Chromatic abberation Distortion Coma Spherical aberration Astigmatism

will increase by a factor of 16.

If the charge on each of two identical tiny spheres is doubled while their separation is reduced by a factor of 2, their force of interaction will double. will stay the same. will increase by a factor of 4. will increase by a factor of 8. will increase by a factor of 16.

2. 9

If the orbital angular momentum is l = 4, how many different projections along the z-axis are possible? 1. 7 2. 9 3. 13 4. 14 5. 15

2. 4.47 4

If the orbital angular momentum is l = 4, what is the magnitude of the orbital angular momentum, and what is the largest value its projection can have along any axis in units of ħ? 1. 4 3 2. 4.47 4 3. 20 4 4. 4.47 5 5. 5.47 5

1. the central bright region would become wider.

If the wavelength of the light were changed, and red light were passed through the slit, 1. the central bright region would become wider. 2. the central bright region would become narrower. 3. the width of the central bright region would not change, but it would appear dimmer. 4. the width of the central bright region would not change, but it would appear even brighter.

1. The light would flash brighter.

If you moved the magnet with the same speed through the coils, but changed the number of coils from 2 to 3, what would happen? 1. The light would flash brighter. 2. The light would flash less bright. 3. The light would flash with the same brightness.

has a chance of hitting anywhere on the screen, but on average a better chance at hitting where the interference pattern is brightest.

If you shoot a single photon through two slits to hit a screen it cannot hit in the middle because the block is in the way. hits at a random location, with an equal probability of hitting anywhere on the screen. must hit at the maximum of the interference pattern. has a chance of hitting anywhere on the screen, but on average a better chance at hitting where the interference pattern is brightest. will hit anywhere that it can travel in a straight line from the gun to the screen.

the z-direction

In SI units, the electric field in an electromagnetic wave is described by Ey = 100 sin(107x - ωt ). What is the direction of the magnetic field of the EM wave? the x-direction the y-direction the z-direction random in the yz-plane, perpendicular to the direction of propagation completely undefined

a component shifted in wavelength by an amount that is independent of the wavelength of the primary beam.

In a Compton scattering experiment, a beam of x-rays of wavelength 0.07 nm scatters of nearly free electrons. The scattered radiation is investigated as a function of the angle theta between it and the primary beam. The scattered radiation contains no wavelength other than that of the primary beam. a component shifted in wavelength by an amount that is independent of the scattering angle. a component shifted in wavelength by an amount that is independent of the wavelength of the primary beam. a component shifted in wavelength by an amount that decreases as the scattering angle increases. two components with wavelength shifted up and down by an equal amount.

τ = 1 s

In a series RC circuit a charged capacitor with capacitance C is being discharged though a resistor of resistance R. Plots of voltage and current versus time are shown below. Find the time constant τ of the circuit. τ = 4 s τ = 2 s τ = 1 s τ = 0.5 s τ = 0

2. +1.0 *10-8

In a storm, falling raindrops carry a current density of +1.0*10-5 A/m2 towards the ground. If 1000 drops strike each square meter of ground per second, calculate the magnitude and sign of the average charge on each raindrop in Coulomb. 1. -1.0*10-6 2. +1.0 *10-8 3. -1.0*10-5 4. +1.0 *10-2 5. +1.0 *10-9

+1.0 *10-8

In a storm, falling raindrops carry a current density of +1.0*10-6 A/m2 towards the ground. If 100 drops strike each square meter of ground per second, calculate the magnitude and sign of the average charge on each raindrop in Coulomb. +1.0 *10-8 +1.0 *10-4 -1.0 *10-6 -1.0 *10-5 +1.0 *10-7

4.1*1016 m

In astronomy, distances are often expressed in light years, the distance light travels in one year. Alpha Centauri, the closest star to earth, is 4.3 light years away. Express this distance in meters. 4.1*1016 m 9.5*1015 m 17.74*1010 m 1.36*108 m 1.29*109 m

Are always at exactly the same potential

In electrostatics (problems where charge does not move), different points in the same conductor

E. The photons loses energy, so the final photon has a wavelength > λ.

In the Compton effect, a photon of wavelength λ and frequency f hits an electron that is initially at rest. Which one of the following occurs as a result of the collision? A. The photon is absorbed completely. B. The photons gains energy, so the final photon has a wavelength < λ. C. The photons gains energy, so the final photon has a wavelength > λ . D. The photons loses energy, so the final photon has a wavelength < λ. E. The photons loses energy, so the final photon has a wavelength > λ.

0A

In the circuit shown, two capacitors and a resistor in series are connected to a battery. Initially the switch is open. What is the current through the resistor a long time after the switch has been closed? 5*10-5 A 1.25*10-5 A 0 A 4 A 1 A

1

In the early universe and in stars, deuterium nuclei are produced from the combination of one proton and one neutron, with the release of a gamma ray. What is the charge on a deuterium nucleus in units of qe = 1.6*10-19 C? 0 1 -1 2 -2

Oxygen of mass number 17

In the nuclear reaction given by 147N + 42He = nmX + 11H, what is the nucleus nmX? Oxygen of mass number 18 Nitrogen of mass number 18 Oxygen of mass number 16 Oxygen of mass number 17 Nitrogen of mass number 17

3. The p-p cycle requires the presence of antimatter to proceed.

In the sun the p-p cycle is responsible for most of the mass energy converted into other forms. Which statement is false? 1. The p-p cycle produces 2He4 nuclei. 2. Each p-p cycle produces 2 neutrinos which carry away some of the energy. 3. The p-p cycle requires the presence of antimatter to proceed. 4. Most of the energy is initially carried away by gamma rays.

is a universal constant.

In vacuum, the speed of an electromagnetic wave depends upon the strength of its electric and magnetic fields. is a universal constant. depends upon its wavelength. depends upon its frequency. is inverse proportional to the index of refraction.

there are more protons than neutrons.

In your body there are more electrons than protons. there are more protons than neutrons. there are more neutrons than protons. there are about the same number of protons and neutrons. there are more protons than electrons.

1. No

Is there an induced current in this circuit? If so, what is its direction? 1. No 2. Yes clockwise 3. Yes, counterclockwise

λ/4

It is necessary to coat a glass lens with a nonreflecting layer. If the wavelength of the light in the coating is λ, the best choice is a layer of material having an index of refraction between those of glass and air and a thickness of λ/4 λ/2 λ/√(2) λ 1.5 λ

0

Let E = 4 N/C in the x direction and B = 4 T in the -z direction. An electron is moving in the y-direction with speed 1m/s. What is the magnitude of the acceleration of the electron in m/s2?

blue

Light composed of red (700 nm) and blue (400 nm) components falls on two slits and forms a central magenta-appearing line on a screen 2 meters away. The nearest bright line to the central line is white. blue. red. magenta.

greater than the angle of incidence.

Light enters from water into air. The angle of refraction will be greater than the angle of incidence. equal to the angle of incidence. less than the angle of incidence.

4. θi = sin-1(nwater*sin(90o - θc)

Light enters through the side of a water-filled aquarium. It is internally reflected at the critical angle θc at the top surface. What is θi in terms of θc? 1. θi=θc 2. θi=90o-θc 3. θi = sin-1(90o - θc) 4. θi = sin-1(nwater*sin(90o - θc)

500 nm

Light incident on a 0.15 mm wide slit forms a diffraction pattern on a screen 6 m away. If the first minimum of the diffraction pattern is 2 cm from the central peak, what is the wavelength of the incident light? 350 nm 420 nm 500 nm 550 nm 633 nm

to allow us to model the polarization of light.

Light is modeled as a transverse wave rather than a longitudinal wave because light can travel through a vacuum. to allow us to model the polarization of light. because the energy in light oscillates in a direction that parallel to its propagation direction. so that we can predict the effects of astigmatism.

2. λ1 is larger than λ2.

Light of wavelength λ1 illuminates a double slit, and interference fringes are observed on a screen behind the slits. When the wavelength is changed to λ2, the fringes move closer together. What is the relationship between λ1 and λ2. 1. λ1 is smaller than λ2. 2. λ1 is larger than λ2. 3. A relationship cannot be determined from the given information.

B. turn (north pole towards coil) and be attracted.

Make a prediction! When we connect the power supply, the magnet will A. do nothing B. turn (north pole towards coil) and be attracted. C. turn (south pole towards coil) and be attracted. D. turn (north pole towards coil) and be repelled. E. turn (south pole towards coil) and be repelled.

C. forward.

Make a prediction. When we connect the power supply, the wire will move A. up. B. down. C. forward. D. backward.

n = 6 → n = 1

Of the following transitions in the hydrogen atom, the __________ transition results in the emission of the highest-energy photon. n = 1 → n = 6 n = 6 → n = 1 n = 6 → n = 3 n = 3 → n = 6 n = 1 → n = 4

1. The two neutrons and 1 proton.

On a balance scale, you put 2 neutrons and 1 proton on one side and you put a tritium nucleus (3H) on the other. Which side weighs more? 1. The two neutrons and 1 proton. 2. The tritium nucleus. 3. Both sides weigh the same. 4. It depends on the specific tritium isotope.

are the source of magnetic fields.

One of the predictions of Maxwell's theory of electromagnetic waves is that changing electric fields cause sparks. are the source of magnetic fields. produce streams of electrons. produce longitudinal waves. do not affect charged particles.

Coins made of a good conductor will slow down as they roll past the magnet.

One of the ways in which a coin operated vending machine checks to make sure that the coins fed to it are genuine is to roll them past a strong magnet. Only coins made of magnetic materials such as iron will be affected by the magnet. Coins made of a good conductor will speed up as they roll past the magnet. Coins made of a good conductor will slow down as they roll past the magnet. The coins will become magnetized and thus can easily be sorted.

The intensity of the radiation emitted by the antenna decreases as the inverse square of the distance away from the antenna.

Oscillating charges in an antenna produce electromagnetic waves. The intensity of the radiation emitted by the antenna is the same in all direction. The intensity of the radiation emitted by the antenna is greatest in the direction in which the antenna is pointing. The intensity of the radiation emitted by the antenna decreases as the inverse square of the distance away from the antenna. The intensity of the radiation emitted by the antenna is lowest in the direction perpendicular to the direction in which the antenna is pointing. none of the above.

3. 3eV

Photons with λ = 250 nm (hf = 5.0 eV) hit a metal surface and emit photoelectrons with a maximum kinetic energy Eelectron = 2.0 eV. What is the work function of the metal? 1. 1eV 2. 2eV 3. 3eV 4. 4eV 5. 5eV

0

Point P is at a perpendicular distance x from each wire carry current I in the directions indicated. What is the magnetic field B at point P? μ0I/(2πx) into the page μ0I/(2πx) out of the page μ0I/(πx) into the page μ0I/(2πx) out of the page 0

B > A > C > (D =0)

Positive and negative charges of the same magnitude, as well as a small positive test charge are placed as shown in each of the four figures. Rank the magnitude of the force the test charge feels in each of the four figures. D > A > B > C (C = A) > (B = D = 0 ) A > C > (B = D = 0 ) B > (A = C) > (D = 0) B > A > C > (D =0)

B. When swinging through the poles of the magnet, the paddle will come to rest much quicker than when only friction is slowing it down.

Predict what will happen when the aluminum paddle is launched to swing between the poles of a magnet. A. The paddle will gain energy from the magnetic field and swing longer and faster than without the magnet. B. When swinging through the poles of the magnet, the paddle will come to rest much quicker than when only friction is slowing it down. C. As long as it does not hit the magnet, the paddle's swing will not be affected by the magnet

2. A>B>C=D

Rank in order, from brightest to dimmest, the identical bulbs A to D. 1. A=B=C=D 2. A>B>C=D 3. A>C>B>D 4. A>C=D>B 5. C=D>B>A

it is easier to read in bright light than it is in dim light.

Rays that pass through a lens very close to the principle axis are more sharply focused than those that are very far from the axis. This spherical aberration helps us understand why it is easier to read in bright light than it is in dim light. we can only see in black and white in dim light. we become more far-sighted as we become older. we become more near-sighted as we become older.

239Np

Suppose a Uranium 238 nucleus "swallows" a neutron and then decays not by fission but by beta decay, emitting an electron and an anti-neutrino. Which nucleus remains after this decay? 239Pu 238Np 239Np 238Pa 239U

We need more information to calculate MP.

Suppose that a microscope has an objective whose focal length is 1.00 mm and an eyepiece whose focal length is 25.0 mm. What is the magnifying power (M)) of the microscope? 625X We need more information to calculate MP. 0.04X 160X 25X

45°

Suppose that a pane of crown glass, with a refractive index of 1.52, is immersed in water, which has a refractive index of 1.33. A ray of light traveling in the water strikes the glass at 45° relative to the normal and travels through the pane. What angle, relative to the normal, will the ray of light subtend when it leaves the pane and reenters the water? 38° 54° 32° 45° No angle at all! The premise is wrong. The light will never enter the glass. It will be reflected when it strikes the glass surface.

+4 pC

Suppose that a picture of electric field lines is drawn following the convention that 2 field lines emerge from a small sphere with 2 pC of charge. In this picture there is an irregular closed surface, the interior of which is hidden, as shown below. The net amount of charge inside the closed surface must be +8 pC +6 pC +4 pC +2 pC +0 pC -2 pC -4 pC -8 pC

virtual

Suppose that you carry out the analysis of a lens system and find that the image distance is negative. This finding tells you that the image is inverted. magnified. smaller than the object. real. virtual.

virtual.

Suppose that you carry out the analysis of a lens system and find that the image distance is negative. This finding tells you that the image is smaller than the object. inverted. real. virtual. magnified.

5. 1/8 of the light will be transmitted.

Suppose you block unpolarized light with two crossed polarizers. What will happen if you insert a third polarizer in between the two, with its transmission axis at 45o with respect to the transmission axes of the original polarizers? 1. Nothing will change. 2. 1⁄2 of the light will be transmitted 3. All the light will be transmitted. 4. 1⁄4 of light will be transmitted. 5. 1/8 of the light will be transmitted.

nuclear fusion

Suppose you wanted to get rid of 12C nuclei and in the process release energy. In principle, this could be done by burning the carbon in an oxygen atmosphere. nuclear fusion. nuclear fission into He nuclei. separating the nuclei into protons and neutrons. Even in principle this could not be done.

3. 3.2*108 W/m2.

The 1 cm diameter 10 W laser beam with uniform intensity over its cross‐ sectional area is focused down to a 200 micrometer diameter spot size. The intensity at the focal point is Hint: What is the cross‐sectional area of a 100 micrometer diameter spot? 1. 1.3*109 W/m2. 2. 6.4*108 W/m2. 3. 3.2*108 W/m2. 4. 8.0*107 W/m2.

explains the structure of the periodic table.

The Pauli exclusion principle states that electrons have spin. explains the structure of the periodic table. forbids electrons and protons to interact. prevents atoms from radiating and electrons from spiraling into the nucleus. excludes momentum and position from the uncertainty principle.

C/V

The SI unit of capacitance is Farad (F). This is the same as J/C. V/C. C/J. C/V. J2/C.

4. Interference

The blue tint of a coated camera lens is largely caused by what effect? 1. Diffraction 2. Refraction 3. Polarization 4. Interference 5. Absorption

3.2*108 W/m2.

The central 1 cm diameter portion of a 10 W laser beam with a diameter of 2 cm and uniform intensity over its cross-sectional area is focused down to a 100 micrometer diameter spot size. The intensity at the focal point is 3.2*108 W/m2. 6.4*108 W/m2. 8.0*107 W/m2. 1.3*109 W/m2.

beta minus decay. An electron is emitted.

The cesium isotope 137Cs decays into the barium isotope 137Ba with a half-life of 30.2 years? The atomic masses of cesium and barium are 136.9071 u and 136.9058 u. The decay is a alpha decay. beta minus decay. An electron is emitted. beta plus decay. A positron is emitted. a gamma decay. a chain reaction.

varies sinusoidally.

The coil of the generator shown in the figure is turned with constant angular velocity. The emf induced in the coil therefore is constant. is zero. We need a changing angular velocity to produce an emf. causes a current to flow through the coil which produces a field always pointing from the south to the north pole of the magnet. varies sinusoidally.

Its electron charge distribution or probability density is spherically symmetric.

The configuration of the potassium atom is 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p64s1. Which of the following statements about potassium is true? Its n = 3 shell is completely filled. Its 4s subshell is completely filled. Its least tightly bound electron has l = 4. Its atomic number is 17. Its electron charge distribution or probability density is spherically symmetric.

3. partially reflected and partially transmitted.

The critical angle for a beam of light passing from water into air is 48.8° (with respect to the normal). This means that all light rays with an angle of incidence smaller than this angle with respect to the normal will be 1. absorbed. 2. totally transmitted. 3. partially reflected and partially transmitted. 4. totally reflected.

Into the screen.

The current in an infinite solenoid with uniform magnetic field B inside pointing out of the screen is increasing so that the magnitude B in increasing with time. A circular loop of radius r is placed coaxially outside the solenoid as shown. Determine the direction of the field Bind created by the induced current in the loop, in the plane region inside the loop? Into the screen. Out of the screen. The induced B is zero. Clockwise.

perpendicular to the electric field.

The direction of the magnetic field in an electromagnetic wave is parallel to the electric field. anti-parallel to the electric field. perpendicular to the electric field. parallel to the direction of propagation of the wave. random, and not related to the direction of the electric field or the direction of propagation.

+2.7 cm

The distance from the eye's lens to the retina for a given person is 3.0 cm. This person clearly sees an object 27 cm in front of his eye. The focal length of the eye's lens in this case is -2.7 cm -3.37 cm -3 cm +3 cm +3.37 cm +2.7 cm

2. 6*1014 Hz

The electric field in an electromagnetic wave is described by Ey = (10 N/C) sin((12.57*106/m)x ‐ ωt). What is the frequency of this EM wave? 1. 1.84*1015 Hz 2. 6*1014 Hz 3. 1.5*1014 Hz 4. 3.8 Hz 5. 2.37*1016 Hz

2. 6*10‐8 T

The electric field in an electromagnetic wave is described by Ey = (18 N/C) sin((107/m)x ‐ ωt). What is the amplitude of the magnetic field of the EM wave? 1. 18T 2. 6*10‐8 T 3. 4*10‐8 T 4. 1.67*10‐7 T 5. 0

changes direction randomly and often.

The electric field in unpolarized light has no direction at any time. rotates rapidly. is always parallel to the direction of propagation. changes direction randomly and often. remains along the same line but reverses direction randomly and often.

changes direction randomly and often.

The electric field in unpolarized light is always parallel to the direction of propagation. rotates rapidly. remains along the same line but reverses direction randomly and often. has no direction at any time. changes direction randomly and often.

The test charge will accelerate towards the right.

The electric field-line diagram visualizes the electric field produced by a pair of charges. A negative test charge is placed at point P directly between the two charges in the diagram.

n = 2 only

The electronic energy level of a certain system are given by En= E1*n2, where n = 1, 2, 3. Assume that transitions can occur between all levels. If one wanted to construct a laser from this system by pumping the n = 1 to n = 3 transition, which energy level or levels would have to be metastable? n = 1 only n = 2 only n = 1 and n = 3 only n = 1, n = 2, and n = 3 none

2.2*10-26

The energy of a photon that has a wavelength of 9.0 m is __________ J. 2.2*10-26 4.5*1025 6.0*10-23 2.7*109 4.5*10-25

3.4 eV.

The energy required to remove an electron from a hydrogen atom, if the electron is in the 1st excited state, is 13.6 eV. 3.4 eV. 1.5 eV. 0.85 eV. The hydrogen has only one electron, and it is impossible to remove it completely.

no potential difference between its ends.

The figure below shows a piece of copper wire moving across a horizontal magnetic field. There will be a potential difference between its ends, end 1 being at a higher potential. a potential difference between its ends, end 2 being at a higher potential. no potential difference between its ends. a time varying potential difference across its ends. a potential difference across its sides.

points in the positive z-direction,

The figure below shows a proton (q = +e) at one instant with velocity V pointing along the positive x-axis. The proton is moving through a magnetic field B that points along the positive y-axis. At the instant shown the magnetic force on the proton points in the positive x-direction, points in the positive y-direction, points in the positive z-direction, points in the negative x-direction, points in the negative y-direction, points in the negative z-direction, is zero.

The lines would shift to the right.

The figure below shows a red line and a green line of the same order in the pattern produced by a diffraction grating. If we increased the grating spacing d, would the lines shift to the right, shift to the left, or remain in place. red l green The lines would shift to the left. The lines would shift to the right. The lines would remain in place. The red line would shift towards the right and the green line towards the left. The red line would shift towards the left and the green line towards the right.

5

The figure below shows different ways to connect a light bulb to a battery with wires. Which of the bulbs will light up? 1 2 3 4 5

8 microCoulomb

The figure below shows the electric field lines for a system of two point charges. Point charge q2 has a charge of 2 microCoulomb. What is the charge of point charge q1? 4 microCoulomb -4 microCoulomb 2 microCoulomb -2 microCoulomb 8 microCoulomb -8 microCoulomb This cannot be determined.

~11 V/m to the left

The figure below shows the equipotential surfaces of an electric dipole in the xy-plane. The x and y scales are in units of meter. The charge on the left is positive. Each color change represents a a change in the potential of 5 V. Estimate the magnitude and direction of the electric field in units of V/m = N/C at x = 5.5 m, y = 13 m. ~ 1 V/m to the left ~ 0.5 V/m to the right ~ 10 V/m to the right ~11 V/m to the left ~100 V/m to the left

Current is flowing through R from a to b.

The figure shows a conducting rod sliding over two bare wires. The wires are in a horizontal plane (ignore gravity) and are connected through the resistor R. A uniform magnetic field points out of the page everywhere. Friction between the rod and the wires is negligible. At the instant shown, the rod is moving from right to left, toward R, with a speed v. (A hand got the rod started before the instant shown, but is no longer in contact with it.) Which one of the following is true at the instant shown? Current is flowing through R from a to b. Current is flowing through R from b to a There is no current flowing through R. An alternating current is flowing. The rod experiences no net force.

a, d, b, c

The figure shows four pairs of polarizing sheets, seen face-on. Each pair is mounted in the path of initially unpolarized light. The transmission axis of each sheet is along the dotted line. The angle the transmission axis makes either with the x-axis or the y-axis is shown. Rank the pairs according to the fraction of the initial intensity that they pass, greatest first. All pairs transmit the same amount of light. a, d, b, c d, b, c, a d, a, b, c a, b = d, c

4. n3 >n1 >n2

The figure shows the path of a portion of a ray of light as it passes through three different materials. Note: The figure is drawn to scale. What can be concluded concerning the refractive indices of these three materials? 1. n1 >n2 >n3 2. n2 >n1 >n3 3. n2 >n3 >n1 4. n3 >n1 >n2 5. n3 >n2 >n1

n3 < n1 < n2

The figure shows the path of a portion of a ray of light as it passes through three different materials. Note: The figure is drawn to scale. What can be concluded concerning the refractive indices of these three materials? n1 > n2 > n3 n1 < n2 < n3 n2 < n1 < n3 n3 < n1 < n2 n1 < n3 < n2

The wavelengths are the same for both. The width of slit 1 is larger than the width of slit 2.

The figure shows two single-slit diffraction patterns. The distance between the slit and the viewing screen is the same in both cases. Which of the following could be true? The wavelengths are the same for both. The width of slit 1 is larger than the width of slit 2. The wavelengths are the same for both. The width of slit 1 is smaller than the width of slit 2. The slit widths and the wavelengths are the same for both. The intensity of the light falling onto slit 1 is larger than the intensity falling onto slit 2. The slit widths and the wavelengths are the same for both. The intensity of the light falling onto slit 1 is smaller than the intensity falling onto slit 2. The slit widths are the same but the wavelength incident on slit 1 is larger than the wavelength incident on slit 2.

C. Zero,

The flux of water through this spherical volume is (water running out of a faucet) A. Positive, B. Negative, C. Zero, D. Undefined.

the distance at which parallel light rays are focused.

The focal length of a converging lens is the distance at which an object must be placed to form an image. the distance at which an image is formed. the distance from the front surface to the back surface. the distance at which parallel light rays are focused.

2. ~800 V/m down

The graph below shows a contour map of the equipotential surfaces due to 3 point charges. point P. Estimate the magnitude and direction of the electric field at 1. ~20 V/m up 2. ~800 V/m down 3. ~2000 V/m to the right 4. ~40 V/m down 5. ~1000 V/m to the left

12000 years

The half-life of 14C is 5730 years. Suppose an ancient bone is found in which the ratio of 14C /12C is 1/4 that found in the atmosphere and in living plants and animals. Approximately how old is the bone? 1500 years 3000 years 6000 years 9000 years 12000 years

4472 V

The immediate cause of many deaths is ventricular fibrillation, an uncoordinated quivering of the heart as opposed to proper beating. An electric current discharged to the chest can cause momentary paralysis of the heart muscle, after which the heart will sometimes start organized beating again. A defibrillator is a device that applies a strong electric shock to the chest over a time interval of a few milliseconds. Assume that an energy of 300 J is to be delivered from the defibrillator, having a 30.0 microFarad capacitance. To what potential difference must the defibrillator be charged? 4472 V 20 V 316 V 200000 V 10000 V

have more neutrons than protons.

The initial fragments formed by fission are a daughter nucleus and a alpha particle. have more protons than neutrons. have more neutrons than protons. have about the same number of neutrons and protons. are only neutrons.

w = d/4

The interference pattern from two closely spaced slits can only is only produced if single slit diffraction spreads out the light. The graph below shows a double slit interference pattern. The ideal two-slit intensity pattern is multiplied by intensity of the single slit diffraction pattern. If this pattern was obtained with two slits spaced by d = 0.1 mm, what was the slit width w? w = d w = d/2 w = d/4 w = d/8 This cannot be determined from this graph.

23090Th --> 22688Ra --> 22286Rn --> 21884Po --> 21482Pb

The isotope 23492U undergoes five successive alpha decays. Identify the correct decay chain. 23090Th --> 22688Ra --> 22286Rn --> 21884Po --> 21482Pb 23290Th --> 22888Ra --> 22886Rn --> 22084Po --> 21682Pb 22890Th --> 22888Ra --> 22886Rn --> 21884Po --> 21282Pb 23390Th --> 22988Ra --> 22586Rn --> 21884Po --> 21782Pb

2. The Pauli exclusion principle would require the neutrons to occupy very high energy states, yielding the nucleus unstable.

The long-range electrostatic repulsion between protons limits the size of stable nuclei. Why are there no large nuclei consisting only of neutrons, which do not repel each other? 1. The nuclear force acting on protons is stronger than that acting on neutrons, so neutrons would not be bound. 2. The Pauli exclusion principle would require the neutrons to occupy very high energy states, yielding the nucleus unstable. 3. Nuclei are in the center of atoms, and the atomic electrons would not be bound if there were no protons in the nucleus.

zero.

The loop of wire is being moved to the right at constant velocity. A constant current I flows in the long straight wire in the direction shown. The current induced in the loop is loop of wire to the right -> constant current in wire to the right -> clockwise and constant. counterclockwise and constant. clockwise and decreasing. counterclockwise and decreasing. zero.

5. zero.

The loop of wire is being moved to the right at constant velocity. A constant current I flows in the long straight wire in the direction shown. The current induced in the loop is Hint: What does the magnetic field of a wire look like? Is the flux of B through the loop changing as it moves in the direction shown? loop of wire moved to right -> constant current I flows to the right in long straight wire -> 1. clockwise and constant 2. counterclockwise constant. 3. clockwise and decreasing. 4. counterclockwise decreasing. 5. zero.

2. clockwise and increasing.

The loop of wire is being moved to the right at constant velocity. A constant current I flows in the long straight wire in the direction shown. The current induced in the loop is Hint: What does the magnetic field of a wire look like? Is the flux of B through the loop changing as it moves in the direction shown? loop of wire moved to right -> constant current I flows up in long straight wire ^ 1. clockwise and constant. 2. clockwise and increasing. 3. clockwise and decreasing. 4. counterclockwise and increasing. 5. zero.

They are oriented randomly.

The magnetic domains in a non-magnetized piece of iron are characterized by which orientation? They are all aligned parallel to each other. Adjacent domains are aligned anti-parallel to each other. They are oriented randomly. Adjacent domains are oriented perpendicular to each other. Adjacent domains are aligned at 45o with respect to each other.

Less than 10.0 cm

The magnitude of the focal length of a thin lens is 10.0 cm for red light. Given that the index of refraction for the lens material increases with decreasing wavelength, what is the magnitude of the focal length of the lens for blue light? More than 10 cm 10 cm That depends on whether the lens is diverging or converging. Less than 10.0 cm

decreased by a factor of 1/10 .

The magnitude of the momentum of a non-relativistic particle is p = mv. An electron with momentum p and energy E = 1000 eV has a de Broglie wavelength of 0.04 nm. If the speed of the electron increases by a factor of 10, the de Broglie wavelength will increase by a factor of 10. decreased by a factor of 1/10 . increase by a factor of √10. decrease by a factor of 1/√10. remain the same.

wavelength

The main difference between any radio wave and a light wave is its

one wavelength

The middle of the first order maximum, adjacent to the central bright fringe in a double-slit experiment, corresponds to a point where the optical path length difference from the two slits is equal to one wavelength. 0. 1/2 wavelength. 1/4 wavelength. undefined.

2. They have a diameter about equal to the range of the nuclear force.

The most stable nuclei all have around 60 nucleons. Why? 1. Their ration of protons to neutrons is much smaller than that of the large nuclei, like, for example Uranium. 2. They have a diameter about equal to the range of the nuclear force. 3. They have just the right amount of negatively charged electrons to cancel the repulsion of the positively charged protons. 4. They are made of Helium nuclei.

short range and charge independent.

The nuclear force is short range and charge dependent. long range and charge dependent short range and charge independent. long range and charge independent electromagnetic in nature.

Particles 1 and 5

The paths of several particle moving through a region with a magnetic field pointing into the page are shown. Which particles are positively charged? Particles 1 and 5 Particles 2 and 4 Particles 1 2 and 4 Particles 1 and 2 Particles 3 and 5

40

The primary coil of a transformer makes 240 turns around the iron core and the secondary coil of that transformer makes 80 turns. If the primary voltage is 120V, what is the secondary voltage (in V)?

10-15 m.

The radius of an atomic nucleus is of the order of 10-10 m. 10-12 m. 10-15 m. 10-18 m. 10-8 m. The nucleus is a point and has no radius.

3. -2.6 microCoulomb

The red charge on the left is a positive 1 microCoulomb charge. What is the magnitude and sign of the blue charge on the right? 1. +1 microCoulomb 2. +2.2 microCoulomb 3. -2.6 microCoulomb 4. +3.6 microCoulomb 5. -3.6 microCoulomb

3. both an electric and a magnetic field.

The region of space around a moving proton contains 1. a magnetic field only. 2. an electric field only. 3. both an electric and a magnetic field. 4. neither an electric nor magnetic field.

1.26 cm.

The resistivity of aluminum is 58% higher than that of copper. A copper high voltage line has diameter 1 cm. If is replaced by an aluminum line of the same resistance and length, the aluminum line has diameter 1.58 cm. 1.26 cm. 0.8 cm. 0.64 cm.

larger diameter telescopes objectives & shorter wavelengths.

The resolving power or resolution of a telescope is improved by using larger diameter telescopes objectives & longer wavelengths. infrared light. lower frequency light. larger diameter telescopes objectives & shorter wavelengths. mirrors instead of lenses.

a particle's total energy is less than its potential energy

The total energy of a particle is the sum of its kinetic energy and its potential energy. The zero of the potential energy can be chosen arbitrarily, so the potential energy can be negative. Classically forbidden regions are where a particle's total energy is less than its kinetic energy. a particle's total energy is greater than its kinetic energy a particle's total energy is less than its potential energy a particle's total energy is greater than its potential energy a particle's total energy is equal its potential energy

2. has a negative charge and has moved from C to A.

The track ABC in the figure is a reproduction of the path of a charged particle in a cloud chamber. If the magnetic field is perpendicular to this sheet of paper and directed into the paper, the particle 1. has a positive charge and has moved from C to A. 2. has a negative charge and has moved from C to A. 3. has a positive charge and has moved from A to C. 4. has a negative charge and has moved from A to C.

would be at point B.

The white circles in the figure represent minima of the diffraction pattern formed when a bright point-source, for example a distant star, is viewed through a small circular opening. In accordance with Rayleigh's criterion, the closest the central maximum of another point source could lie in this pattern and still be barely resolvable would be at point A. would be at point B. would be at point C. would be at point D. must lie outside all discernible diffraction rings.

b b. on the left at the 67 mark

The x marks the focal point of the lens below. Where will we find the image? a. on the left at the zero mark b. on the left at the 67 mark c. on the left at the 33 mark d. on the right at the 200 mark C A D B

C = B > A

Three pairs of conducting plates (capacitors) are shown in the figure below. Pair B has the same separation as pair A but twice the plate area. Pair C has the same area as pair A but half the separation between the plates. The insulating material between the plates of all capacitors is the same. Rank the pairs of plates according to their capacitance. C > A = B C = B > A B > A > C C > A > B A = B = C

1 and 3 carry charges of opposite sign.

Three pithballs are suspended from thin threads. Various objects are then rubbed against other objects (nylon against silk, glass against polyester, etc.) and each of the pithballs is charged by touching them with one of these objects. In one set of experiments, it is found that pithballs 1 and 2 repel each other and that pithballs 2 and 3 attract each other. From this we can conclude that 1 and 3 carry charges of opposite sign. 1 and 3 carry charges of equal sign and opposite the sign of 2 . 1 and 2 carry charges of opposite sign. all charges are negative. all charges are positive.

6.89

Three polarizing disks, the planes of which are parallel, are centered on a common axis. The direction of the transmission axis in each case is shown in the figure above. A plane polarized beam of light with E0 parallel to the vertical reference direction is incident from the left on the first disk with intensity Ii = 10 units (arbitrary). What is the transmitted intensity If when θ1 = 20 degrees, θ2 = 40 degrees and θ3 = 60 degrees? 9.4 8.83 8.3 6.89 3.6 1.3

Electrons have been transferred to the object.

Through rubbing an object has acquired a charge of -1 nanoCoulomb. The object is a semiconductor. The object must be made out of insulating material. 6.25*10-9 protons have been rubbed off the object. The object must be made out of conducting material. Electrons have been transferred to the object.

Photons are reflected back and forth through the lasing medium, which greatly increases the probability of stimulated emission.

To sustain laser action it is usually necessary to place the lasing material between the two mirrors of an optical cavity. Why? This is required by the uncertainty principle. We have to confine the photons, because confinement leads to energy quantization. Photons are reflected back and forth through the lasing medium, which greatly increases the probability of stimulated emission. The Pauli exclusion principle requires that the photons have different quantum numbers. The cavity guaranties this. The mirrors produce thin-film interference, which enhances laser action.

4. The cavity recycles most of the photons and therefore increases the probability of duplication.

To sustain laser action it is usually necessary to place the lasing material between the two mirrors of an optical cavity. Why? 1. This is required by the uncertainty principle. 2. We have to confine the photons, because confinement leads to energy quantization. 3. The Pauli exclusion principle requires that the photons have different quantum numbers. The cavity guaranties this. 4. The cavity recycles most of the photons and therefore increases the probability of duplication.

2. charge - volume flow rate

To what extent is the flow of water analogous to the flow of charge? What is NOT a correct hydrodynamic analog? 1. resistance - viscosity times function of geometry 2. charge - volume flow rate 3. pressure difference - voltage 4. Pump - battery 5. Capacitor - water storage tank

6*104 V

Two 10 μC charges are located at (x, y) = (0, 3m) and (3 m, 0), respectively. What is the potential due to those two charges at the location of the 1 μC charge at the origin? 6*104 V 4.2*10-2V 4.2*104 V 3*104 V 6*10-2 V

2. 6*104 V

Two 10 μC charges are located at (x, y) = (0, 3m) and (3 m, 0), respectively. What is the potential due to those two charges at the location of the 2 μC charge at the origin? 1. 3*104 V 2. 6*104 V 3. 4.2*104 V 4. 6*10-2 V

C

Two balls rest on a frictionless surface. One ball is given a charge of +Q. The other ball is given a charge of +3Q. Which diagram best represents the magnitude and direction of the force vectors on the balls? B A None D C

c

Two balls rest on a frictionless surface. One ball is given a charge of +Q. The other ball is given a charge of +3Q. Which diagram best represents the magnitude and direction of the force vectors on the balls? B C None A D

C1 = 4 pF, C2 = 4 pF

Two capacitors have an equivalent capacitance of 8 pF if connected in parallel, and 2 pF, if connected in series. Find C1 and C2. C1 = 8 pF, C2 = 2 pF C1 = 8 pF, C2 = 1 pF C1 = 3 pF, C2 = 5 pF C1 = 4 pF, C2 = 4 pF This cannot be determined from the information given.

4. RA = 16RB

Two cylindrical copper wires have the same mass. Wire A is 4 times as long as wire B. How are their resistances are related? Hint: same masssame volume volume of a cylinder = area*length What happens to the area when the length is doubled? 1. RA = RB 2. RA = 2RB 3. RA = 4RB 4. RA = 16RB

The same current flows through both filaments.

Two lamps, one with a thick filament and one with a thin filament, are connected in series.

The same current flows through both filaments.

Two lamps, one with a thick filament and one with a thin filament, are connected in series. The same current flows through both filaments. More current flows through the lamp with the thick filament. More current flows through the lamp with the thin filament. The lamp with the thick filament will appear brighter.

The 50 W bulb has twice the resistance as the 100 W bulb.

Two light bulbs, one rated at 50 W and a second rated at 100 W, are both supposed to be connected to a 110 V source of emf. Which one of the following is true? The 50 W bulb has twice the resistance as the 100 W bulb. The 50 W bulb has half the resistance as the 100 W bulb. The 50 W bulb has four times the resistance as the 100 W bulb. Both bulbs have the same resistance, since they are connected to the same 110 V emf. The 50 W bulb has one quarter the resistance as the 100 W bulb.

energy is released

Two light nuclei come together and fuse forming a more massive nucleus. The mass of the product nucleus is less than the mass of the original nuclei. In this reaction nucleons are lost. energy is released. energy is added. the mass energy of final nucleus is equai to the mass energy of the initial nuclei. neutrons must be converted into protons.

0.003 radians

Two narrow slits spaced 100 micrometers apart are exposed to light of 600 nm. At what angle does the first minimum (dark space) occur in the interference pattern? 0.003 radians 0.006 radians 0.006 degrees 0.344 radians 0.003 degrees

5 cm

Two parallel light rays, initially in phase and having a 500 nm wavelength, reach a detector after one of the rays travels through a 10 cm long block of glass with an index of refraction of 1.5, while the other ray stays in air. The optical path difference between the two rays at the detector is 10 cm 750 nm 15 cm 1 cm 5 cm

4. Up

Two parallel long wires each have a large current I flowing out of the page, as shown. In what direction does the magnetic field point at position P? 1. Down 2. Left 3. Right 4. Up 5. In 6. Out

The field exerts a force on wire #2 (directed right).

Two parallel wires are carrying currents in opposite directions as shown. Wire #1 has a current I1 that is out of the page, whereas wire #2 has a current I2 that is into the page. What effect does the magnetic field from wire #1 have on wire #2? The field exerts a force on wire #2 (directed down). The field exerts a force on wire #2 (directed up). No effect The field exerts a force on wire #2 (directed left). The field exerts a force on wire #2 (directed right).

5. The field exerts a force on wire #2 (directed right).

Two parallel wires are carrying currents in opposite directions as shown. Wire #1 has a current I1 that is out of the page, whereas wire #2 has a current I2 that is into the page. What effect does the magnetic field from wire #1 have on wire #2? 1. No effect 2. The field exerts a force on wire #2 (directed up). 3. The field exerts a force on wire #2 (directed down). 4. The field exerts a force on wire #2 (directed left). 5. The field exerts a force on wire #2 (directed right).

3

Two plane mirrors are stood vertically making a right angle between them. How many images of an object close to and in front of the mirrors can be seen? 1 2 3 4 infinitely many

A. The +x direction

Two point charges with charge q and a point P are located as shown, at the vertices of an equilateral triangle. What is the direction of the electric field due to the two point charges at point P? A. The +x direction B. The +y direction C. The -x direction D. The -y direction E. None of the above

B. 4F

Two small objects each with a net charge of Q exert a force of magnitude F on each other. We replace one of these with a charge 4Q. What is the magnitude of the force after the replacement? A. 16F B. 4F C. F D. F/4 E. None of the above

large lens, blue stars

Two stars that are close together are photographed through a telescope. Which situation would result in the most clearly separated images of the stars? small lens, red stars small lens, blue stars large lens, red stars large lens, blue stars one red and one blue star, the size of the lens does not matter

5

Two uniformly charged spheres are firmly fastened to and electrically insulated from frictionless pucks on an air table. The charge on sphere 2 is three times the charge on sphere 1. Which force diagram correctly shows the magnitude and direction of the electrostatic forces? 7 4 6 5 2 3 1

I and V only. I. The positron's acceleration is larger than the proton's acceleration. V. The positron's kinetic energy will be the same as the proton's kinetic energy right before the particles hit the 0 Volt plate.

Two very flat, metallic plates separated a distance d have a potential difference of 600 Volts between them as shown below. A proton and positron (which is a positively charged electron) are released from rest at the surface of the metal plate held at 600 Volts. Which of the following statement(s) is (are) correct? I. The positron's acceleration is larger than the proton's acceleration. II. The positron's acceleration is the same as the proton's acceleration. III. The positron's acceleration is smaller than the proton's acceleration. IV. The positron's kinetic energy will be larger than the proton's kinetic energy right before the particles hit the 0 Volt plate. V. The positron's kinetic energy will be the same as the proton's kinetic energy right before the particles hit the 0 Volt plate. VI. The positron's kinetic energy will be smaller than the proton's kinetic energy right before the particles hit the 0 Volt plate. I and IV only. II and VI only. III and VI only. I and V only. II and V only.

4. 10cm

Two very thin lenses, each with focal length 20 cm, are placed in contact. What is the focal length of this compound lens? 1. 7.5 cm 2. 15cm 3. 20cm 4. 10cm

50%

Unpolarized light is incident on a linear polarizer. What fraction of the light is transmitted? 100% 50% 0% It depends on the orientation of the polarizer's transmission axis.

2. 50%

Unpolarized light is incident on a linear polarizer. What fraction of the light is transmitted? 1. 100% 2. 50% 3. 0% 4. It depends on the orientation of the polarizer's transmission axis.

The frequency of red light is lower than that of violet light and its photon energy is not sufficient to eject electrons.

Violet light is able to eject electrons from the surface of potassium metal, whereas red light cannot. Why? The intensity of violet light is always greater than that of red light. The frequency of red light is lower than that of violet light and its photon energy is not sufficient to eject electrons. The wavelength of violet light is greater than that of red light and its energy is therefore spread over more electrons, giving it more targets. Red light is more efficiently absorbed by air and therefore does not reach the metal. None of the above.

A is unchanged, Z decreases by 1.

What are the changes in the mass number A and the atomic number Z of a nucleus that undergoes β+ decay? A is unchanged, Z decreases by 2. A is unchanged, Z decreases by 1. A is unchanged, Z increases by 1. A decreases by 2, Z increases by 1. A decreases by 4, Z decreases by 2.

A. It depends on the net charge of each of the interacting objects. D. It can be attractive. E. It can be repulsive.

What do you already know about the electrostatic force that can exist between two interacting objects? Pick the correct statements from the choices below. A. It depends on the net charge of each of the interacting objects. B. It requires physical contact between the interacting objects. C. It varies inversely as 1/r, where r is the distance between the interacting objects. D. It can be attractive. E. It can be repulsive.

B. Protons and electrons have charges qe and -qe, respectively, where qe is the smallest quantum of charge. C. Electrically neutral materials contain the same number of protons and electrons. E. Neutral objects become negatively charged by acquiring additional electrons from other objects.

What do you know already about atoms, elementary particles, and charges? Select multiple answers! A. Protons and neutrons and electrons are all charged particles making up atoms. B. Protons and electrons have charges qe and -qe, respectively, where qe is the smallest quantum of charge. C. Electrically neutral materials contain the same number of protons and electrons. D. Neutral objects become positively charged by acquiring additional protons from other objects. E. Neutral objects become negatively charged by acquiring additional electrons from other objects.

1. The balloon will be attracted to the wall.

What do you think will happen when a negatively charged balloon is moved towards the neutral wall? 1. The balloon will be attracted to the wall. 2. The balloon will be repelled by the wall. 3. The balloon will feel no force since the wall is neutral.

2. Light behaves like a wave.

What does observing a double slit interference pattern with light suggest to us? 1. Light has a phase of 180o. 2. Light behaves like a wave. 3. Light behaves like a stream of particles 4. Light has electric properties.

1. Neutron induced fission which releases more neutrons.

What is a requirement for any nuclear chain reaction? 1. Neutron induced fission which releases more neutrons. 2. A sub-critical mass of fissionable material such as U235. 3. A moderator which absorbs neutrons. 4. A coolant to prevent melting. 5. All of the above.

100 microFarad

What is the capacitance of the series RC circuit referred to in the previous problem? 100 microFarad 0.01 Farad 10 picoFarad 1 Farad 2 microFarad

25o

What is the critical angle of light rays inside a gem whose refractive index is 2.4? Assume that the gem is surrounded by air. 65o 67o 90o 25o 42o

2.45*10-38 m

What is the de Broglie wavelength of a beam of "cars", having a mass of 1500 kg and a speed of 65 km/h? 27083 m 2.45*10-38 m 6.8*10-42 m 6.8*10-39 m 6.8*10-10 m

It is the amount of energy needed to completely separate a nucleus into its component neutrons and protons..

What is the definition of the nuclear binding energy? It is the amount of energy needed to remove the most loosely bound electron from an atom. It is the amount of energy needed to remove the most loosely bound proton from a nucleus. It is the amount of energy needed to completely separate a nucleus into its component neutrons and protons.. It is the amount of energy needed to remove all electrons from an atom.. It is the amount of energy needed to remove all electrons from an atom and then take the nucleus apart.

Towards the right

What is the direction of the Coulomb force on the charge pointed at by the arrow? (Charge is given in arbitrary units.) Towards the left Down Up Towards the right There is no direction, the net force is zero.

C. Towards the right

What is the direction of the Coulomb force on the charge pointed at by the arrow? (Charge is given in arbitrary units.) Arrow is pointing at a +1 charge A. There is no direction, the net force is zero. B. Towards the left C. Towards the right D. Up E. Down

2. to the right

What is the direction of the electric field produced by the -5 μC charge located at x = 5 m at the position of the -1 μC charge at the origin? 1. to the left 2. to the right 3. perpendicular to the x-axis 4. E = 0, since both charges are negative.

the negative z-direction

What is the direction of the magnetic force on the wire segment cd? (up and to the left) the x-direction the z-direction the negative x-direction the negative z-direction the y-direction none of the above.

3. 0.018 J

What is the electrostatic potential energy of a -5μC charge located at x = 5 m and a -2 μC charge located at the origin? 1. 0.092 J 2. 0.009 J 3. 0.018 J 4. -0.0018 J 5. 1.6*104 J

2. 4.3Ω

What is the equivalent resistance between the points A and B? 1. 3.8Ω 2. 4.3Ω 3. 5.1Ω 4. 6.8Ω 5. 9.0Ω

2. Ca

What is the first element in the periodic table to have a filled 4s subshell? 1. Al 2. Ca 3. Mg 4. Ar

2. 0.0018 N into negative x-direction

What is the force (magnitude and direction) on a -1 μC charge located at the origin from a -5 μC charge at x = 5 m? 1. 0.009 N into positive x-direction 2. 0.0018 N into negative x-direction 3. 0.018 N into negative x-direction 4. 1800 N into negative x-direction 5. 0.0018 N into positive x-direction

56.2o

What is the maximum angle θ such that the light rays will be totally internally reflected assuming that the pipe has an index of refraction of npipe = 1.30 and is surrounded on all sides by air. 50.3o 39.7o 33.8o 56.2o 29.4o

It indicates the orientation of the orbital.

What is the significance of the quantum number m when specifying energy eigenfunction or orbital of atoms? It denotes the size of an eigenfunction or orbital. It represents the shape of the orbital. It indicates the orientation of the orbital. It represents the magnitude of the angular momentum of the orbital. None of the above. It just denotes the degeneracy.

4s

What is the time constant for the discharge of this capacitor? The capacitor does not discharge because the resistors cancel each other. 1 s 2 s 5 s 4 s

2. 438 nm

What wavelength monochromatic source in the visible region (390 to 710 nm) can be used to constructively reflect off a coating on glass (n = 1.46), if the coating is 150 nm thick? 1. 697 nm 2. 438 nm 3. 465 nm 4. 558 nm 5. 657 nm

1. the pupil of your eye has a finite size.

When a car is 500 m ahead of you, you see its tail lights as one long, red light. When the car is 100 m ahead of you, you see that the tail lights are actually several red lights placed close to each other. This is because 1. the pupil of your eye has a finite size. 2. the Doppler effect for light shifts the frequency of the tail lights. 3. light disperses in the lens of your eye 4. light is made up of photons. 5. light is polarized.

c

When a laser beam is aimed onto the face of a transparent glass cube, which of the following best illustrates the direction of the beam after it emerged from the cube? (a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

c

When a laser beam is aimed onto the face of a transparent glass cube, which of the following best illustrates the direction of the beam after it emerged from the cube? (d) (c) (e) (b) (a)

move with constant acceleration.

When a positive charge is released from rest in a uniform electric field, it will remain at rest. move with linearly increasing acceleration. move with constant acceleration. move with constant velocity.

2. move with constant acceleration.

When a positive charge is released from rest in a uniform electric field, it will 1. remain at rest. 2. move with constant acceleration. 3. move with constant velocity. 4. move with linearly increasing acceleration. 5. You cannot tell from the information given.

The image is upright.

When an object is placed 25 cm from a lens, a real image is formed. Which one of the following conclusions is incorrect? The image is upright. The lens is a converging lens. The image may be reduced or enlarged. The image distance can be less than 25 cm. The focal length of the lens is less than 25 cm.

1

Which compass shows the correct direction of the magnet field at point A? 1 2 3 4 5

5. (e) ++++++ -> ------ ->

Which diagram does not represent an electrical current? a. ------ -> b. ++++++ -> <- ------ c. ++++++ -> d. <- ----- <- ----- e. ++++++ -> ------ -> 1. (a) 2. (b) 3. (c) 4. (d) 5. (e) 6. All diagrams represent currents

right side up and smaller than the object.

Which image cannot be created by a converging lens? An image that is virtual. none of these. inverted and smaller than the object. right side up and smaller than the object. real and larger than the object.

Voltage across a resistor, current through a resistor

Which is correct language usage? Voltage through a resistor, current in a resistor Voltage across a resistor, current through a resistor Voltage in a resistor, current through a resistor Voltage against a resistor, current across a resistor It's just semantics; it doesn't matter.

E - The potential is positive very close to a positive charge and negative very close to a negative charge.

Which of the charge configurations depicted would give rise to the potential shown below? A B C D E - The potential is positive very close to a positive charge and negative very close to a negative charge.

e

Which of the charge configurations depicted would give rise to the potential shown below? C D E B A

3. 3,1,-2,1⁄2

Which of the following (n, l, ml, ms) combinations is impossible for an electron in an hydrogen atom? Remember: n = 1, 2, 3, ... l = 0, 1, 2, ... n-1 m = 0, ±1, ±2, ... ±l ms = ± 1⁄2 1. 3,1,1,-1⁄2 2. 6,2,0,1⁄2 3. 3,1,-2,1⁄2 4. 3,2,-2,-1⁄2 5. 1,0,0,-1⁄2

(a), (d), (e), (h) only (a) Like charges repel. (d) Opposite charges attract. (e) A positively charged object has lost electrons. (h) A negatively charged object has gained electrons.

Which of the following are true of static charges on everyday objects? (a) Like charges repel. (b) Like charges attract. (c) Opposite charges repel. (d) Opposite charges attract. (e) A positively charged object has lost electrons. (f) A positively charged object has gained protons. (g) A negatively charged object has lost protons. (h) A negatively charged object has gained electrons. (a) and (d) only (c) and (h) only (a), (d), (f), (g) only (a), (d), (e), (h) only (a), (d), (e), (f), (g), (h) only (b), (c), (f), (g) only

a. virtual, upright and enlarged

Which of the following best describes the image formed by a concave mirror when the object is located somewhere between the focal point (F) and the mirror surface? a. virtual, upright and enlarged b. real, inverted and reduced c. virtual, upright and reduced d. real, inverted and enlarged (a) (b) (c) (d)

(3) virtual, upright and the same size as object

Which of the following best describes the image formed by a plane mirror? (1) virtual, inverted and enlarged (2) real, inverted and reduced (3) virtual, upright and the same size as object (4) real, upright and the same size as object 1 2 3 4

1s2 2s2 2p6

Which of the following condensed notations gives the lowest energy electronic configuration for doubly ionized Magnesium (Mg)? 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 1s2 2s2 2p6 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 1s2 2s2 2p4 3s2

1. As wavelength increases, frequency decreases.

Which of the following is true about the frequency of electromagnetic waves? 1. As wavelength increases, frequency decreases. 2. Frequency is constant for all wavelength. 3. Frequency decreases as wavelength decreases. 4. Frequency and wavelength are independent of each other.

All the above statements are true.

Which of the following statements about a conductor in electrostatic equilibrium is false? The electric field inside the conductor is zero. Just outside the conductor, the electrostatic field is perpendicular to its surface. The net charge inside the conductor is zero, all excess charge resides on the surface. A charge located within a hole in a conductor at equilibrium feels no force from charges outside the conductor. All the above statements are true.

All the above statements are false.

Which of the following statements about interference in a Young's double slit experiments is true? (a) The double slit experiment provides evidence that light exhibits particle-like behavior. (b) The double-slit experiment depends upon the use of white light from two sources. (c) The two sources of light in the double-slit experiment could be two different light bulbs. (d) For the equation for the interference maxima d sinθ = mλ to be geometrically valid, the wavelength of the light must be much, much greater than the slit separation distance. (a) (b) (c) (d) All the above statements are false. All of the above statements are true.

(a), (c), (f) (a) A diverging lens is thicker at the center than it is at the edges (c) A diverging lens can produce images which are both magnified and reduced in size. (f) The images formed by a diverging lens can be located on either side of the lens relative to the object.

Which of the following statements are false for a single diverging lens? (a) A diverging lens is thicker at the center than it is at the edges. (b) A diverging lens only produces virtual images. (c) A diverging lens can produce images which are both magnified and reduced in size. (d) A diverging lens only produces upright images. (e) A diverging lens has a negative focal length. (f) The images formed by a diverging lens can be located on either side of the lens relative to the object. (a) (a), (b), (f) (b) , (c), (f) (a), (c), (f) (d), (e)

(b), (d), (e), (f), only (b) The strength of the electric field created by an object A at a point P decreases by a factor of 4 is the distance between A and P is doubled (d) The strength of the electric field inside a conductor is zero. (e) For irregularly shaped conductors, the electric field strength is greatest around points of highest curvature. (f) The SI unit for the electric field is N/C.

Which of the following statements are true about the electric field? (a) The strength of the electric field created by an object A at a point P increases by a factor of 4 is the charge on object A is doubled. (b) The strength of the electric field created by an object A at a point P decreases by a factor of 4 is the distance between A and P is doubled (c) The strength of the electric field created by an object A at a point P is unchanged if both the charge on object A and the distance between A and P are doubled.. (d) The strength of the electric field inside a conductor is zero. (e) For irregularly shaped conductors, the electric field strength is greatest around points of highest curvature. (f) The SI unit for the electric field is N/C. (b), (d), (e), (f), only (d), (e), (f) only All statements are true. (a), (b), (c) only (b), (c), (d) only (d) and (e) only

(a) and (f) only (a) The SI unit of the electric potential is volts (V). (f) The electric potential difference between two points is the difference in potential energy possessed by another charge at those two points, divided by this charge.

Which of the following statements are true about the electric potential or the electric potential difference? (a) The SI unit of the electric potential is volts (V). (b) The electric potential can also be expressed in units of Joules. (c) The electric potential produced by a charge at a given location provides a measure of the rate at which charge flows past that point. (d) As a positive charge moves in the direction of an electric field, it gains electric potential. (f) The electric potential difference between two points is the difference in potential energy possessed by another charge at those two points, divided by this charge. (a) only (a) and (b) only (a), (d), and (f) only (a) and (f) only All statements are true.

(a), (b), (d) only (a) The strength of the electric field created by an object A at a point P depends on the separation between A and P. (b) The strength of the electric field created by an object A at a point P depends on the net charge of object A. (d) The strength of the electric field created by an object A at a point P is the magnitude of the electric force per unit charge A exerts on a test charge placed at P.

Which of the following statements are true statements about the electric field? (a) The strength of the electric field created by an object A at a point P depends on the separation between A and P. (b) The strength of the electric field created by an object A at a point P depends on the net charge of object A. (c) The strength of the electric field created by an object A at a point P depends on the charge of the test object used to measure it. (d) The strength of the electric field created by an object A at a point P is the magnitude of the electric force per unit charge A exerts on a test charge placed at P. All statements are true. (a) and (b) only (a), (b), (c) only (b), (c), (d) only (a), (b), (d) only

(a), (b), (d) only (a) The strength of the electric field created by an object A at a point P depends on the separation between A and P. (b) The strength of the electric field created by an object A at a point P depends on the net charge of object A. (d) The strength of the electric field created by an object A at a point P is the magnitude of the electric force per unit charge A exerts on a test charge placed at P.

Which of the following statements are true statements about the electric field? (a) The strength of the electric field created by an object A at a point P depends on the separation between A and P. (b) The strength of the electric field created by an object A at a point P depends on the net charge of object A. (c) The strength of the electric field created by an object A at a point P depends on the charge of the test object used to measure it. (d) The strength of the electric field created by an object A at a point P is the magnitude of the electric force per unit charge A exerts on a test charge placed at P. (b), (c), (d) only (a) and (b) only (a), (b), (c) only All statements are true. (a), (b), (d) only

Only statements (b) and (d) are true. (b) All macroscopic charges Q can be written as Q = ±Ne, where N is an integer and e is the charge of the electron. (d) Electric field lines never cross at a point in space.

Which of the following statements are true? (a) The electric field of a point charge always points away from the charge. (b) All macroscopic charges Q can be written as Q = ±Ne, where N is an integer and e is the charge of the electron. (c) Electric field lines never diverge from a point in space. (d) Electric field lines never cross at a point in space. All statements are true. Only statements (b) and (d) are true. Only statements (a) (c) and (d) are true. Only statements (a) and (c) are true? Only statement (d) is true. Only statements (b), (c), and (d) are true.

TIR causes a portion of the light to be refracted and the rest to be reflected.

Which of the following statements is false of total internal reflection (TIR)? When TIR occurs, the reflected light obeys the law of reflection. If TIR occurs at the boundary of water and air, then the light must be within water and heading towards the boundary with air. TIR causes a portion of the light to be refracted and the rest to be reflected. TIR only occurs when the angle of incidence is greater than the critical angle. All the above statements are true.

As light travels from vacuum (n = 1) into glass (n > 1), the wavelength of the light changes . As light travels from vacuum (n = 1) into glass (n > 1), the speed of the light changes. An image that is formed behind a mirror is always virtual.

Which of the following statements is true? You can choose more than 1. As light travels from vacuum (n = 1) into glass (n > 1), the wavelength of the light changes . As light travels from vacuum (n = 1) into glass (n > 1), the frequency of the light changes. As light travels from vacuum (n = 1) into glass (n > 1), the speed of the light changes. An image that is formed behind a mirror is always inverted. An image that is formed behind a mirror is always virtual.

d

Which of the light rays in the figure is drawn incorrectly? a d e c b

1 and 4.

Which of the points shown in the figure below are at the same potential? 2 and 5. 2, 3, and 5. 1 and 4. 1 and 5. 2 and 4.

None of these statements are true.

Which of the statements below are true? (1) Whenever electrons are in motion, a current flows. (2) A "D" battery is labeled as providing 1.5 volts. This voltage characterizes the amount of current that the battery supplies when it is installed in an electronic device. (3) You plug a space heater into an outlet and the temperature of the heating coils increases for some time before it becomes stable. As the temperature of the coils increases, their resistance increases, and therefore the power consumed by the space heater increases. (1) (2) (3) All these statements are true. None of these statements are true.

Consider the photoelectric effect. The greater the work function of the target, the greater is the cutoff frequency.

Which of the statements below is true? Photons from a certain source have energy of 0.62 eV. This light is visible. Consider the photoelectric effect. The greater the work function of the target, the greater is the cutoff frequency. Consider the photoelectric effect. The greater the intensity of the incoming light, the smaller is the cutoff frequency. Consider the photoelectric effect. The shorter the wavelength of the incoming light, the smaller is the cutoff frequency. Photons can never be destroyed.

(b) There would be no double slit interference pattern, if there were no single slit diffraction.

Which of the statements below is true? (a) Diffraction suggests that light is a particle, and interference suggests that light is a wave. (b) There would be no double slit interference pattern, if there were no single slit diffraction. (c) The meeting of a trough of one wave with a trough of another wave results in destructive interference. (d) In a double slit experiment, the interference pattern disappears if you block one of the slits, and you will just observe the single slit diffraction pattern. This shows that light behaves like a particle. (a) (b) (c) (d) All the above statements are true. All the above statements are false.

3. n = 4 n = 2

Which of the transitions below can produce a spectral line in the visible region of the emission spectrum of hydrogen? 1. n = 2 n = 5 2. n = 4 n = 1 3. n = 4 n = 2 4. n = 5 n = 3

1. A

Which of the two series of pictures has the diffraction pattern correctly paired with the corresponding slits? 1. A 2. B

Bromine

Which of these elements is not produced by thermonuclear fusion processes in stellar interiors? Silicon Carbon Chromium Bromine Oxygen

alpha particle

Which one is the most massive of the particles listed below? gamma ray proton neutron electron alpha particle

A

Which one of the following best illustrates magnetic field lines associated with the bar magnets shown? (a) (b) (c) (d) None of these, since the field lines encircle the bar magnet according to the right hand rule.

(a)

Which one of the following best illustrates magnetic field lines associated with the bar magnets shown? (c) (a) None of these, since the field lines encircle the bar magnet according to the right hand rule. (b) (d)

existence of line spectra and the photoelectric effect

Which one of the following pairs of characteristics of light is best explained by assuming that light can be described in terms of photons? photoelectric effect and the effect observed in Young's double slit experiment diffraction and the formation of atomic spectra polarization and the photoelectric effect existence of line spectra and the photoelectric effect polarization and the formation of line spectra

a surface of constant phase within a wave

Which one of the following phrases most accurately describes the term wave front? the surface of a plane mirror the surface of a convex mirror a surface upon which a wave is incident a surface of constant phase within a wave a surface that is parallel to the direction of wave propagation

Rays are parallel to the wave front.

Which one of the following statements concerning rays is false? Rays for a plane wave are parallel to each other. Rays point in the direction of the wave velocity. Rays are parallel to the wave front. Rays point outward from the wave source. Rays are radial lines that originate from a point source of waves.

Rays are parallel to the wave front.

Which one of the following statements concerning rays is false? Rays point in the direction of the wave velocity. Rays point outward from the wave source. Rays are parallel to the wave front. Rays are radial lines that originate from a point source of waves. Rays for a plane wave are parallel to each other.

When the object distance is less than the focal length, the image is virtual.

Which one of the following statements concerning the image formed by a concave spherical mirror is true? When the object is at the center of curvature, the image is formed at infinity. When the object distance is larger than the focal length, the image is virtual. When the object distance is larger than the focal length, the image is upright relative to the object. When the object distance is less than the focal length, the image is inverted relative to the object. When the object distance is less than the focal length, the image is virtual.

1. P->1

Which requires the most positive work done by an external force, to move a positive point charge from point P to point 1, 2, 3, or 4? All those points are the same distance from P. 1 - to the left 2 - up and to the left 3 - up 4 - to the right 1. P->1 2. P->2 3. P->3 4. P->4 5. All require the same amount of work.

3. P->3

Which requires zero work, to move a positive point charge from point P to point 1, 2, 3, or 4? All those points are the same distance from P. 1 - to the left 2 - up and to the left 3 - up 4 - to the right 1. P->1 2. P->2 3. P->3 4. P->4 5. All require the same amount of work.

the reflected beam is independent of the wavelength

Which statement is correct? When light is incident on an interface, the angle(s) of the reflected and the refracted beam depend on the wavelength. the reflected and the refracted beam are independent of frequency. the refracted beam is independent of the wavelength . the reflected beam is independent of the wavelength.

2. There is no torque acting on loop A but a torque is acting on loop B.

Which statement is false? 1. There is no net force acting on either loop. 2. There is no torque acting on loop A but a torque is acting on loop B. 3. Loop A has lower potential energy than loop B. 4. Loop A is in stable equilibrium and loop B is in unstable equilibrium.

you can never know the energy and the magnitude of the angular momentum exactly at the same time.

Which statement is false? Quantum mechanics predicts that all angular momentum is quantized in magnitude as well as in direction. confined particles can only have certain discrete energies. it is impossible to know the exact energy of a particle and to be able to track the particle. if, in principle, you can only observe a particle for a short time, you cannot know its energy exactly. you can never know the energy and the magnitude of the angular momentum exactly at the same time.

will increase and flow through the resistor from B to A.

While the bar magnet below is moving with constant speed v towards the coil, the current in the coil (bar magnet going to the left) will increase and flow through the resistor from A to B. will increase and flow through the resistor from B to A. will be zero. will decrease and flow through the resistor from A to B. will decrease and flow through the resistor from B to A.

the red side is farthest from the center of the screen, the violet side is closest to the center.

White light passes through a diffraction grating and forms rainbow patterns on a screen behind the grating. For each rainbow pattern the red side is farthest from the center of the screen, the violet side is closest to the center. the red side is closest to the center of the screen, the violet side is farthest from the center. the red side is on the left, the violet side on the right. the red side is on the right, the violet side on the left.

The reflected light from the front and back surface destructively interfere, because the path difference is nearly zero, but the phase shift upon reflection differs by 180o for the two surfaces.

Why does a soap bubble reflect virtually no light just before it bursts? It absorbs all the light energy, so that it has enough energy to burst. This is an example of polarization by reflection. The light becomes p-polarized, but only s-polarized light is reflected. The reflected light from the front and back surface destructively interfere, because the path difference is nearly zero, but the phase shift upon reflection differs by 180o for the two surfaces. We have total internal reflection. The light keeps on reflecting inside the bubble until the bubble bursts. Light does not interact with a soap film.

The stream appears shallower than it really is.

You are looking at the bottom of a clear stream. The stream appears shallower than it really is. The stream appears deeper than it really is. The bottom is hidden because of total internal reflection. You see the bottom as a mirror image. Everything on the bottom is magnified.

The conductor does not obey Ohm's law.

You double the voltage across a certain conductor and you observe the current increases three times. Does the conductor obey Ohm's law? The conductor does not obey Ohm's law. Ohm's law states that the resistance increases with temperature. So not enough information is given to decide if the conductor obeys Ohm's law. The conductor obeys Ohm's law since the current increases when V increases.

The conductor does not obey Ohm's law.

You double the voltage across a certain conductor and you observe the current increases three times. Does the conductor obey Ohm's law? The conductor obeys Ohm's law since the current increases when V increases. The conductor does not obey Ohm's law. Ohm's law states that the resistance increases with temperature. So not enough information is given to decide if the conductor obeys Ohm's law.

4. 1kg

You have 16 kg of a radioactive sample with a certain half-life of 15 years. How much is left after 60 years? Hint: How many half-lives have elapsed? 1. 8kg 2. 4kg 3. 2kg 4. 1kg 5. nothing

the force between the electric charges becomes weaker with increasing distance.

You have just pulled your clothes from the dryer and find that a sock is clinging to your jeans with static electricity. You pull the two apart. As the jeans and the sock move apart, the force between them becomes weaker because the electric charge on each garment diminishes as they move apart. the garments become polarized. the force between the electric charges becomes weaker with increasing distance. electric charge on each garment increases as they move apart. electric current moving through each garment diminishes as they move apart.

The index of refraction of the glass depends on the wavelength, so the color components are refracted at different angles.

You observe that a glass prism separates white light into its component colors. Which one of the following statements best explains this observation? The separation of white light into its color components is due to the increase in the speed of light within the glass. Some of the color components of the white light are absorbed by the glass and only the remaining components are observed. The index of refraction of the glass depends on the wavelength, so the color components are refracted at different angles. Only some of the color components are refracted by the glass; and these are the ones that are observed. White light is separated into its color components by total internal reflection within the prism.

double the resistance while keeping the current the same.

You wish to double the power dissipated by a heating device. You could double the potential difference while keeping the resistance the same. double the current while keeping the resistance the same. double the resistance while keeping the potential difference the same. double the resistance while keeping the current the same. double both the potential difference and the current.

6. Diverging lens, f = -xo/4.

You'd like to look through a lens at your dog and see it standing right side up shrunk to 1/5 its normal height. If the absolute value of the focal length is f, determine what kind of lens is needed (i.e. converging or diverging) as well as the focal length in term of the object distance xo. 1. Converging lens, f = xo/5. 2. Diverging lens, f = -xo/5. 3. Converging lens, f = xo/3. 4. Diverging lens, f = -xo/3. 5. Converging lens, f = xo/4. 6. Diverging lens, f = -xo/4.

B. decrease.

Your eye focuses on an moving motorcycle by changing its focal length. As the motorcycle moves towards you, the focal length of the eye must A. increase. B. decrease. C. stay the same.

2. +100 and +10, 110 cm apart

ou want to build a Keplerian telescope. You have two convex lenses and two concave lenses available. The larger lenses have focal lengths +100 cm and -100 cm respectively and the smaller lenses have focal lengths +10 cm and - 10 cm respectively. Which lenses should you use and how far apart should you place them? What is the angular magnification of your telescope? 1. +100 and - 100, 100 cm apart 2. +100 and +10, 110 cm apart 3. +100 and - 10, 110 cm apart 4. +100 and - 10, 90 cm apart

3. 1.41*10-2 N

wo 10 μC charges are located at (x, y) = (0, 3m) and (3 m, 0), respectively. What is the magnitude of the force on the 1 μC charge at the origin? 1. 1*10-2 N 2. 2*10-2 N 3. 1.41*10-2 N 4. 2.82*10-2 N 5. 4*10-2 N