computer chp. 4

generally home users running windows vista and using basic application software should have at least _____ megabytes of ram

512

the _____ interprets and carries out the basic instructions that operate a computer

CPU/ proccesor

______ is built directly into a processor chip and usually have a very little capacity

L1 Cache

current processors include advanced transport cache, a type of _______ built directly on a processor

L2 Cache

_______ is a cache separate from the processor chip on the motherboard

L3 Cache

______ is the most common type of volatile memory

RAM

the _____ refers to memory chips storing permanent information

ROM

the usb and firewire bus can......

connect multiple types of devices that require faster data transmission speeds

in the machine cycle steps, _______ refers to the process of translating instructions into signals the computer can understand

decoding

What is parallel processing?

doing something simultaneously

in the machine cycle steps, _____is the process of carrying out commands

executing

a _______ slot is a circuit on the motherboard, an adapter card can be attached to it.

expansion

in the machine cycle steps, ______ is the process of attaining program instructions or data item from memory

fetching

a ______ is equal to approximately 1 billion bytes

gigabyte

each tick of a system clock equates to a

gigahertz

blank are installed internal bays

hard disc drive

instead of port, the term ______ is sometimes used to identify audio and video ports

jack

a ______ is equal to exactly 1,024 bytes, but computer users usually round it down to 1,000 bytes

kilobyte

together four operations, fetching, decoding, executing... makes _______ cycle

machine

a ______ is equal to approximately 1 million bytes

megabyte

some computers and chip manufacturers use the term _____ to refer to a personal computer processor chip

microproccesor

the _______ processor that is a chip with two or more separate cores

multi-core proccesor

blank memory doesn't loses its contents when powers removed from the computer

nonvolatile memory

billion

one gigahertz equals_____ ticks of the system clock per second

______ is a coding scheme that capable of representing world's... historical languages

parallel

unlike a serial port, a ______ port interfaces more than one port at a time

parallel

on _______, the electronic components and most storage devices are part of a system unit and other devices, such as keyboard, mouse, monitor, printer, USB flash drive, scanner, etc. they normally occupy space outside the system unit

personal desktop computer

________ is the component of the system unit that converts the wall outlet, ac power into the dc power a computer requires

power supply

the processor relies on small quartz crystal circuit

system clock

the ______ is a space that contains electronic components

system unit

what does memory store?

the blank consists of electronic components that stores instructions waiting to be executed by the processor, data needed by the

The wider the bus.....

the fewer the number of transfer steps required and the faster the transfer of data

the first step cleaning a computer is

turn it off

a ______ is an opening inside the system unit in which additional equipment can be installed

bay

a nanosecond (ns) is one ______ of a second

billionth

the _____ system is a number system that has two unique digit called bits

binary

within the circuitry of computer each channel along which bits transfer called a ______ allows various devices to connect..

bus

a ______ is a basic storage unit and memory

byte

when 8 bits are grouped as as a unit

byte