computer chp. 4
generally home users running windows vista and using basic application software should have at least _____ megabytes of ram
512
the _____ interprets and carries out the basic instructions that operate a computer
CPU/ proccesor
______ is built directly into a processor chip and usually have a very little capacity
L1 Cache
current processors include advanced transport cache, a type of _______ built directly on a processor
L2 Cache
_______ is a cache separate from the processor chip on the motherboard
L3 Cache
______ is the most common type of volatile memory
RAM
the _____ refers to memory chips storing permanent information
ROM
the usb and firewire bus can......
connect multiple types of devices that require faster data transmission speeds
in the machine cycle steps, _______ refers to the process of translating instructions into signals the computer can understand
decoding
What is parallel processing?
doing something simultaneously
in the machine cycle steps, _____is the process of carrying out commands
executing
a _______ slot is a circuit on the motherboard, an adapter card can be attached to it.
expansion
in the machine cycle steps, ______ is the process of attaining program instructions or data item from memory
fetching
a ______ is equal to approximately 1 billion bytes
gigabyte
each tick of a system clock equates to a
gigahertz
blank are installed internal bays
hard disc drive
instead of port, the term ______ is sometimes used to identify audio and video ports
jack
a ______ is equal to exactly 1,024 bytes, but computer users usually round it down to 1,000 bytes
kilobyte
together four operations, fetching, decoding, executing... makes _______ cycle
machine
a ______ is equal to approximately 1 million bytes
megabyte
some computers and chip manufacturers use the term _____ to refer to a personal computer processor chip
microproccesor
the _______ processor that is a chip with two or more separate cores
multi-core proccesor
blank memory doesn't loses its contents when powers removed from the computer
nonvolatile memory
billion
one gigahertz equals_____ ticks of the system clock per second
______ is a coding scheme that capable of representing world's... historical languages
parallel
unlike a serial port, a ______ port interfaces more than one port at a time
parallel
on _______, the electronic components and most storage devices are part of a system unit and other devices, such as keyboard, mouse, monitor, printer, USB flash drive, scanner, etc. they normally occupy space outside the system unit
personal desktop computer
________ is the component of the system unit that converts the wall outlet, ac power into the dc power a computer requires
power supply
the processor relies on small quartz crystal circuit
system clock
the ______ is a space that contains electronic components
system unit
what does memory store?
the blank consists of electronic components that stores instructions waiting to be executed by the processor, data needed by the
The wider the bus.....
the fewer the number of transfer steps required and the faster the transfer of data
the first step cleaning a computer is
turn it off
a ______ is an opening inside the system unit in which additional equipment can be installed
bay
a nanosecond (ns) is one ______ of a second
billionth
the _____ system is a number system that has two unique digit called bits
binary
within the circuitry of computer each channel along which bits transfer called a ______ allows various devices to connect..
bus
a ______ is a basic storage unit and memory
byte
when 8 bits are grouped as as a unit
byte
