Connective tissue

Which one of the following statements regarding collagen is true? (A) It is composed of tropocollagen. (B) Reticular fibers are composed of type II collagen. (C) It is synthesized mostly by mast cells. (D) Elastic fibers are composed of type IV collagen. (E) Type II collagen is most common in con- nective tissue proper.

(A) It is composed of tropocollagen.

Foreign body giant cells are formed by the coalescence of (A) macrophages. (B) lymphocytes. (C) fibroblasts. (D) adipose cells. (E) plasma cells.

(A) macrophages.

Which one of the following cell types in the connective tissue arises from myeloid stem cells? (A) Pericytes (B) Eosinophils (C) Fibroblasts (D) Osteoblasts (E) Adipocytes

(B) Eosinophils

Which one of the following statements concerning loose connective tissue is true? (A) It is less abundant than dense connective tissue. (B) It has a lower proportion of cells to fibers than does dense connective tissue. (C) It acts as a medium for exchange of nutrients and wastes between the blood and tissues. (D) It provides structural support for organs. (E) It consists of many fibers in which various types of cells are embedded.

(C) It acts as a medium for exchange of nutrients and wastes between the blood and tissues.

Dense regular connective tissue is present in (A) capsules of organs. (B) basement membrane. (C) tendons. (D) skin. (E) dermis.

(C) tendons.

Synovial fluids of normal joints are usually devoid of collagen. Patients with rheumatoid diseases have various types of collagen in their synovial fluid, depending on the tissue being damaged. If a patient has type II collagen in the synovial joint, which of the following tissues is being eroded? (A) Vascular endothelium (B) Compact bone (C) Vascular smooth muscle (D) Articular cartilage (E) Synovial membrane

(D) Articular cartilage

Which one of the following cell types arises from monocytes? (A) Plasma cells (B) Fibroblasts (C) Lymphocytes (D) Macrophages (E) Mast cells

(D) Macrophages

Which of the following cell types is responsible for anaphylactic shock? (A) Fibroblasts (B) Eosinophils (C) Pericytes (D) Mast cells (E) Macrophages

(D) Mast cells

Which one of the following statements regarding proteoglycans is true? (A) They consist of a core of fibrous protein covalently bound to glycoproteins. (B) They are attached to ribonucleic acid. (C) They are binding sites for deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). (D) They are composed of a protein core to which glycosaminoglycans are attached. (E) They are the exclusive substance of the extracellular matrix along with collagen.

(D) They are composed of a protein core to which glycosaminoglycans are attached.

Of the following cell types found in connective tissue, which is most often present along capillaries and resembles fibroblasts? (A) Plasma cell (B) Lymphocyte (C) Macrophage (D) Mast cell (E) Pericyte

(E) Pericyte

Where are glycine, hydroxylysine and hydroxyproline linked together to form collagen? A. ribosome B. cisternae of RER C. Golgi body D. cell exterior

A

Which of the following best describes the primary composition of the ligament? A. dense regular connective tissue B. dense irregular connective tissue C. reticular connective tissue D. loose areolar connective tissue E. adipose connective tissue F. mesenchymal connective tissue G. mucoid connective tissue

A

Which type of collagen is primarily found in bone? A. type I collagen B. type II collagen C. type III collagen D. type IV collagen E. type V collagen

A

Which type of collagen is primarily found in skin? A. type I collagen B. type II collagen C. type III collagen D. type IV collagen E. type V collagen

A

Which type of collagen is primarily found in tendons? A. type I collagen B. type II collagen C. type III collagen D. type IV collagen E. type V collagen

A

Which type of collagen is primarily found in the stroma of the cornea? A. type I collagen B. type II collagen C. type III collagen D. type IV collagen E. type V collagen

A

All of the following diseases are diseases of collagen EXCEPT: A. interstitial pulmonary fibrosis B. rickets C. scurvy D. osteogenesis imperfecta E. Ehlers-Danlos (rubber man) syndrome

B

During the formation of tissue fluid, some but not all, of the tissue fluid is drawn back in to the venous side of the capillary because? A. the hydrostatic pressure is higher than the osmotic pressure B. the osmotic pressure is higher than the hydrostatic pressure C. lymph capillaries are directly connected to the venous side of a capillary bed D. lymph drainage of the area creates a negative pressure in the lymph capillaries drawing some tissue fluid into their lumens. E. endothelial cells of the post-capillary veins are impermeable to tissue fluid

B

Where do pro-alpha chains wind together by threes to form procollagen? A. ribosome B. cisternae of RER C. Golgi body D. cell exterior

B

Which of the following acts outside of the cell: A. catalase B. lysyl oxidase C. glycosidase D. DNAase E. hydroxyacid oxidase

B

Which of the following areas is comprised of dense, regularly arranged, white fibrous connective tissue? A. fibrous layer of periosteum B. tendon of biceps muscle C. annulus fibrosus of an intervertebral disc D. reticular layer of the dermis E. lamina propria of intestinal villus

B

Which of the following best describes the primary composition of the epimysium? A. dense regular connective tissue B. dense irregular connective tissue C. reticular connective tissue D. loose areolar connective tissue E. adipose connective tissue F. mesenchymal connective tissue G. mucoid connective tissue

B

Which of the following best describes the primary composition of the perineurium? A. dense regular connective tissue B. dense irregular connective tissue C. reticular connective tissue D. loose areolar connective tissue E. adipose connective tissue F. mesenchymal connective tissue G. mucoid connective tissue

B

Which of the following best describes the primary composition of the capsule of kidney? A. dense regular connective tissue B. dense irregular connective tissue C. reticular connective tissue D. loose areolar connective tissue E. adipose connective tissue F. mesenchymal connective tissue G. mucoid connective tissue

B

Which of the following best describes the primary composition of the reticular layer of dermis? A. dense regular connective tissue B. dense irregular connective tissue C. reticular connective tissue D. loose areolar connective tissue E. adipose connective tissue F. mesenchymal connective tissue G. mucoid connective tissue

B

Which of the following connective tissue cells would be the most heterochromatinized. A. fibroblast B. fibrocyte C. plasma cell D. macrophage E. multinuclear giant cells

B

Which of the following is not considered to be a microtubule organizing center or MTOC? A. centromere region of a chromosome B. secondary constriction of a chromosome C. centriole D. basal body

B

Which type of collagen is primarily found in cartilage? A. type I collagen B. type II collagen C. type III collagen D. type IV collagen E. type V collagen

B

All of the following are structural glycoproteins found in connective tissue EXCEPT: A. chondronectin B. laminin C. hyaluronidase D. fibronectin

C

All of the following are temporary or mobile residents of connective tissue EXCEPT: A. eosinophil B. neutrophil C. fibrocyte D. lymphocyte E. monocyte

C

The amino acids isodesmosine and desmosine are unique to which of the following? A. skeletal muscle fiber B. collagen type I fiber C. elastic fiber D. reticular fiber E. nerve fiber

C

Where is procollagen packaged into secretion vesicles? A. ribosome B. cisternae of RER C. Golgi body D. cell exterior

C

Which component of the LM basement membrane at the interface between an epithelium and its underlying connective tissue is synthesized by the connective tissue cells deep to the basement membrane? A. lamina lucida B. epithelial glycocalyx C. lamina reticularis D. basal lamina proper E. hemidesmosome

C

Which of the following best describes the primary composition of the red pulp of spleen? A. dense regular connective tissue B. dense irregular connective tissue C. reticular connective tissue D. loose areolar connective tissue E. adipose connective tissue F. mesenchymal connective tissue G. mucoid connective tissue

C

Which of the following connective tissue cells binds immunoglobulin E? A. plasma cell B. fibrocyte C. mast cell D. macrophage E. lymphocyte

C

Which of the following polymerizes to form collagen fibrils? A. preprocollagen B. procollagen C. tropocollagen D. hydroxyproline E. registration peptides

C

Which of the following predominates in the spleen, lymph nodes and red bone marrow? A. elastic fibers B. collagen type IV C. reticular fibers D. collagen type II E. collagen type V

C

Which type of collagen is found in the walls of blood vessels? A. type I collagen B. type II collagen C. type III collagen D. type IV collagen E. type V collagen

C

All of the following are glycosaminoglycans EXCEPT: A. chondroitin sulfate B. dermatan sulfate C. hyaluronic acid D. desmin E. keratan sulfate

D

Both ends of a precursor molecule are enzymatically clipped A. ribosome B. cisternae of RER C. Golgi body D. cell exterior

D

Classify the connective tissue found underlying a wet epithelial surface. A. dense irregular B. reticular C. adipose D. loose areolar E. mucoid

D

The dark banded regular periodicity of collagen types I, II & III seen with the electron microscope in negatively stained preparations is directly related to all of the following EXCEPT: A. stain has penetrated the gaps between collagen molecules B. triple helices of collagen molecules line up in rows C. collagen molecules overlap between rows by about one fourth of their length D. collagen molecules do not overlap between rows leaving all gaps between molecules in register

D

The following description best fits which of the following: carbohydrate side chains radiate laterally from a protein core similar to the bristles on a test tube brush. A. chromatin suprastructure B. type V collagen C. Ng-CAM (neuroglial cell adhesion molecule) D. glycosaminoglycans (GAG) E. hyaluronic acid

D

Where are highly insoluble collagen fibers formed? A. ribosome B. cisternae of RER C. Golgi body D. cell exterior

D

Which of the following are involved in linking cell surfaces with collagen- proteoglycan complexes? A. fibronectin B. laminin C. hyaluronic acid D. A & B are correct E. A & B & C are correct

D

Which of the following best describes the primary composition of an aponeurosis? A. dense regular connective tissue B. dense irregular connective tissue C. reticular connective tissue D. loose areolar connective tissue E. adipose connective tissue F. mesenchymal connective tissue G. mucoid connective tissue

D

Which of the following best describes the primary composition of lamina propria? A. dense regular connective tissue B. dense irregular connective tissue C. reticular connective tissue D. loose areolar connective tissue E. adipose connective tissue F. mesenchymal connective tissue G. mucoid connective tissue

D

Which of the following best describes the primary composition of the adventitia of the colon? A. dense regular connective tissue B. dense irregular connective tissue C. reticular connective tissue D. loose areolar connective tissue E. adipose connective tissue F. mesenchymal connective tissue G. mucoid connective tissue

D

Which of the following best describes the primary composition of the mesentery? A. dense regular connective tissue B. dense irregular connective tissue C. reticular connective tissue D. loose areolar connective tissue E. adipose connective tissue F. mesenchymal connective tissue G. mucoid connective tissue

D

Which of the following best describes the primary composition of the papillary layer of dermis? A. dense regular connective tissue B. dense irregular connective tissue C. reticular connective tissue D. loose areolar connective tissue E. adipose connective tissue F. mesenchymal connective tissue G. mucoid connective tissue

D

Which of the following best describes the primary composition of the submucosa of the esophagus? A. dense regular connective tissue B. dense irregular connective tissue C. reticular connective tissue D. loose areolar connective tissue E. adipose connective tissue F. mesenchymal connective tissue G. mucoid connective tissue

D

Which of the following best describes the primary composition of the core of an intestinal villus? A. dense regular connective tissue B. dense irregular connective tissue C. reticular connective tissue D. loose areolar connective tissue E. adipose connective tissue F. mesenchymal connective tissue G. mucoid connective tissue

D

Which of the following is characterized by: PAS positivity and argyrophilia? A. skeletal muscle fiber B. collagen type I fiber C. elastic fiber D. reticular fiber E. nerve fiber

D

Which type of collagen is primarily found in basal laminae? A. type I collagen B. type II collagen C. type III collagen D. type IV collagen E. type V collagen

D

All of the following are components of the extracellular matrix except: A. tissue fluid B. collagen fibers C. glycosaminoglycans D. antibodies E. plasma cells

E

All of the following can result in edema EXCEPT: A. traumatized endothelium B. longstanding malnutrition C. increased venous hydrostatic pressure D. obstruction of lymphatic drainage E. decreased arterial hydrostatic pressure

E

Which of the following best describes the primary composition of the hypodermis? A. dense regular connective tissue B. dense irregular connective tissue C. reticular connective tissue D. loose areolar connective tissue E. adipose connective tissue F. mesenchymal connective tissue G. mucoid connective tissue

E

Which of the following best describes the primary composition of the packing outside the developing brain? A. dense regular connective tissue B. dense irregular connective tissue C. reticular connective tissue D. loose areolar connective tissue E. adipose connective tissue F. mesenchymal connective tissue G. mucoid connective tissue

E

Which of the following best describes the primary composition of the core of the umbilical cord? A. dense regular connective tissue B. dense irregular connective tissue C. reticular connective tissue D. loose areolar connective tissue E. adipose connective tissue F. mesenchymal connective tissue G. mucoid connective tissue

G