Consumer Behavior Test 1

The ______ is a great place to find demographic data on the United States population.

Cenus

In which country is the concept of guanxi, which involves personal relationships, an important consideration?

China

_____ is the process of describing and explaining the attitudes, values, and behaviors of an age group as well as predicting its future attitudes, values, and behaviors.

Cohort analysis

Marketers that wish to expand internationally need to understand a culture's widely held beliefs that affirm what is desirable. To do this, marketers should study _____.

Cultural Values

Which of the following statements is true regarding culture? A) Culture is a relatively simple concept. B) Culture is acquired. C) Culture often provides detailed prescriptions for appropriate behavior. D) The nature of cultural influences is such that we are consciously aware of them. E) all of the above

Culture is acquired

Age, gender, education, occupation, and income are examples of _____ variables.

demographics

A shift back to an emphasis on postponed gratification in American would most likely _____.

Decrease the use of credit

In Japan, the exchange of meishi is the most basic of social rituals in a nation where social ritual matters very much. The act of exchanging meishi is weighted with meaning. Once the social minuet is completed, the two know where they stand in relation to each other and their respective statures within the hierarchy of corporate or government bureaucracy. What is "meishi"?

Exchange of business cards

Bi-cultural Hispanic teens tend to _______

Feel more pressured to be "american" than their parents

Which generation of Hispanic adults was born outside the United States, has the lowest income and education, is most likely to identify themselves as Hispanic, is most likely to have Spanish as their primary language, and is most likely to possess traditional values including a masculine view of the family decision hierarchy?

First generation adults

Trademarks

For the most part need to be established on a country-by-country basis.

While women are vital members of the workforce in the U.S., they are still considered the primary care givers of the children in a family. This represents women's _____ in American society.

Gender role

Roger is an adult that has moved back in with his parents. He doesn't believe in sacrificing time, energy, and relations to the extent he sees older workers do for the sake of career or economic advancement. He has a master's degree but does not want to work for a large corporation. To which generation does Roger most likely belong?

Generation X

Men are more involved than ever in the grocery shopping task because of _____:

Generational shifts, economics, and masculine/feminine values

as unsubstantiated claims increased in number and scope the FTC developed the ___ to help alleviate concern over the potential for marketers to mislead consumers

Green Guides

Marketers have responded to Americans' increasing concern for the environment with an approach called _____.

Green marketing

what are the four mature markets that are identified through gerontographics

Healthy indulgers Healthy Hermits Ailing outgoers Frail Recluses

Toys-R-Us is examining subcultures in the United States and wants to identify the ethnic subculture that has the greatest percentage of children under the age of 18. Which ethnic group meets this criterion?

Hispanics

What group is predicted to be the fastest growing ethnic group in the United States between 2000 and 2020

Hispanics

Which of the following is NOT an application of consumer behavior? A. marketing strategy B. human resource management C. regulatory process D. informed consumers E. social marketing

Human Resource Management

What is associated with occupation?

Income and Education

Which of the following is one of the defining characteristics of American society? A) aversion to change B) collectivism C) individualism D) extended family E) status

Individualism

A few of the guys from Consumer Behavior class decided to go out afterwards and drink until they get rolling drunk. Then they drive home in that condition. Which type of consumption does this represent?

Injurious consumption

Which country has the largest percentage of its citizens older than 60 years of age?

Japan

Identify three issues that target should consider in modifying it's business to adequately serve the needs of a Hispanic market

Language translation make family their target market Specialty food products

________ represents how one lives, includes the products one buys, how one uses them, what one thinks about them, and how one feels about them.

Lifestyle

The product, price, communications, distribution, and services provide to the target market is referred to as

Marketing mix

List applications of consumer behavior

Marketing strategy Resclatory policy Social marketing Informed individual

Which of the following is an emerging American value? A) materialistic B) individual C) admiring nature D) masculine E) postponed gratification

Materialistic

Howard Industries is a computer manufacturer located in Laurel, MS. This company is interested in expanding internationally. Which of the following is a cultural factor that affects consumer behavior and marketing strategy that Howard Industries needs to be aware of?

Nonverbal Communication

The boundaries that culture sets on behavior are called _____.

Norms

Which of the following is the most widely applied single cue we use to initially evaluate and define individuals we meet? A) age B) income C) occupation D) gender E) education

Occupation

The nearness that others can come to you in various situations without your feeling uncomfortable is known as _____.

Personal space

Taylor is surveying consumers to gain a better understanding of his restaurant's _______

Position

Which subculture of Hispanics tends to have incomes well above the others?

Puerto Ricans and Cubans

What type of subculture arises as a result of climatic conditions, the natural environment and resources, the characteristics of the various immigrant groups that have settled there, and significant social and political events?

Regional

What is the LAST step in marketing segmentation?

Select an attractive segment(s) to serve

Auxiliary or peripheral activities that are performed to enhance the primary product or primary service is referred to as _____.

Service

What is the term culture

Shared set of practices or beliefs among a group of people

identify and describe two basic approaches to measuring social status

Single-item index: Education, occupation, and income Multi-item index: attitude toward more than one

What party is someone that doesn't care about pollution apart of?

Skeptical individual

Maranda is concerned how her marketing activities will affect individual consumers as well as society at large. Maranda is implementing _____

Social Marketing

Which term is used to refer to the application of marketing principles and tactics to advance a cause such as a charity, an ideology, or an activity?

Social marketing and cause marketing

Using one marketing strategy across various cultures is referred to as _____.

Standardization

define demographics

Statistical data relating to the population and particular groups within it

Brown Produce inc. the distributor of fresh produce. they conducted a through analysis of its market and identified groups of consumers that had similar product- related needs. one particular market identified wanted fresh and unique produce, such as swiss chard, radcchio, and exotic fruits, and they were willing to pay higher prices for these choices. brown produce decided to focus its marketing effort on this segment of the total market. this segment is BPI's _______

Target market

Those who work in such professions as architecture, science, engineering, and health care and business who generate new ideas and technologies for a living or engage in complex problem solving are referred to as _____.

The creative class

It is critical that a firm consider value from what perspective?

The customers

What changing american value has been blamed for the fact that people 18 - 40 are most likely to admit that they spend beyond their comfort range?

The shift towards immediate gratification

Which of the following is true regarding changes in American cultural values? A) Shifts in cultural values are not observable. B) Changes in values tend to occur quickly. C) Changes in values tend to occur evenly across individuals and groups. D) There is substantial variance in values across individuals and groups. E) Cultural values are constant.

There is substantial variance and groups.

Cause-related marketing (CRM) is marketing that ties a company and its products to an issue or cause with the goal of improving sales or corporate image while providing benefits to the cause. (T/F)

True I.E. a company donates $1 to diabetes research for every purchase of its products by consumers

Which on of these factors is NOT true regarding glocalization A.Standardized marketing can offer a cost savings B.Uniformity is always possible C. Values and demographics require adapting to cultural differences D. An ad that appeals to some countries might be inappropriate in others. E. All of these factors are true

Uniformity is always possible

Which of the following country tends to value individualism over collectivism? A) Mexico B) India C) United States D) Korea E) Japan

United States

Carl is a physician earning $200,000 per year. Using the Coleman-Rainwater system, identify the social class to which Carl belongs

Upper-Middle

To strive in a competitive environment, an organization must provide its target customers more ____ than is provided to them by its competition.

Value

Erica and her family decided that it was just too much strain on them for Erica to work outside the home. Even though she was a successful attorney and they enjoyed the good things in life, her family made a conscious decision to reduce their reliance on consumption and material possessions. This behavior has been termed _____.

Voluntary simplicity

The degree to which an immigrant has adapted to his or her new culture is known as _____.

acculturation

Which of the following is a reason why more baby boomers continue to work longer than previous generations? A) necessary due to a low income of some baby boomers B) necessary due to a poor pension plan C) due to changes in Social Security increasing the age at which full benefits can be drawn D) increased desire to stay active in interesting and rewarding careers E) all of the above

all

Which of the following are bases for subcultures in the United States? A) ethnic groups B) religions C) geographic areas D) generations E) all of the above

all of them

Which of the following is a key consideration for each geographic market that a firm is contemplating? A) Is the geographic area homogenous or heterogeneous with respect to culture? B) What needs can this product or a version of it fill in this culture? C) What are the distribution, political, and legal structures for the product? D) In what ways can we communicate about the product? E) all of the above

all of them

Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding African American Internet usage? A) African Americans who are online are more likely to use broadband connections than the general online population. B) More African Americans read online ads and are more likely to find them informative than the general online population. C) African Americans prefer a Black perspective on news and information. D) African Americans are less likely to purchase clothing and apparel, listen to music, and watch videos online than the general population. E) African Americans are more likely to search for job and career information online than Whites.

all of them

Which of the following is an internal influence on consumer behavior? A. culture B. family C. attitudes D. marketing activities E. reference groups

attitudes

What is the population of the united states?

320 million

by 2030 what percent of the U.S. population will be made up of non-European ethnic groups?

47

The gay market has been estimated to comprise _____ of the adult U.S. population.

5-7 percent

Which age category is expected to experience the largest percentage increase between 2010 and 2020?

60-69

What subculture is the most diverse group, with numerous nationalities, languages, and religions?

African Americans

Which of the following is a key aspect regarding consumer behavior A. Organizations are applying theories and information about consumer behavior on a daily basis B. It is often necessary to conduct research C. Consumer behavior is a complex, multidimensional process. D. Marketing practices designed to influence consumer behavior involve ethical issues that affect the firm, individual, and society E. All of the above

All of the above

Individualism affects which of the following? A) incentive systems for salespeople B) advertising themes C) product design D) customer complaining behavior E) all of the above

All of them

Why is China very attractive to marketers around the world?

because of its massive population, rising income, and emerging youth market.

Which of the following is NOT generally involved in green marketing? A) developing products whose production, use or disposal is less harmful to the environment than the traditional versions of the product B) developing products that have a positive impact on the environment C) pricing products lower than the competition D) tying the purchase of a product to an environmental organization or event E) all of the above are involved in green marketing

All of them

Which of the following is a cultural factor that affects consumer behavior and marketing strategy? A) demographics B) values C) language D) nonverbal communications E) all of the above

All of them

Which of the following is a factor influencing nonverbal communications? A) things B) relationships C) space D) symbols E) all of the above

All of them

Which of the following is a traditional American value? A) youth B) competition C) active D) hard work E) all of the above

All of them

Which of the following is considered a symbol that has varying meaning across cultures? A) colors B) animals C) numbers D) music E) all of the above

All of them

While marketers must be sensitive to nationality-based differences, some variables create sufficient cultural homogeneity for most products and advertising campaigns targeted to the Hispanic market. Which of the following is one of those variables? A) common language B) common religion C) emergence of national Spanish-language media D) emergence of national entertainment figures E) all of the above

All of them

Which of the following is a reason why more baby boomers continue to work longer than previous generations? A) necessary due to a low income of some baby boomers B) necessary due to a poor pension plan C) due to changes in Social Security increasing the age at which full benefits can be drawn D) increased desire to stay active in interesting and rewarding careers E) all of the above

All of them are reasons

Which of the following is NOT a critical question for developing marketing? A. Who do we want to communicate with? B. What effect do we want to have? C. What message will achieve the desired result? D. What media should we use? E. All of these are critical questions for developing marketing

All of those are critical questions for developing marketing

Which of the following statements is true regarding ethnic subcultures? A) European ethnic groups constitute a significant and growing part of the U.S. population. B) Hispanics are the largest population group in the South and urban areas in the Northeast and Midwest. C) The influence of one's ethnic heritage on behavior is not influenced by situational factors. D) All subcultures are very diverse, and general descriptions do not apply to all of the members. E) Ethnicity is the only factor that influences an individual's behavior.

All subcultures are very diverse

Which of the following is included in marketing communications? A. advertising B. Sales force C. Public Relations D. packaging E. All the above

All the above

Which of the following is used by firms to influence consumers? A. ads B. packages C. store environments D. sales pitches E. all of the above

All the above

Malcolm is studying subcultures in the United States. He is trying to identify the subculture that has the highest education levels and median household incomes. What ethnic group meets these criteria?

Asian/Pasific Islander

What term describes consumers' purchase and use of automobiles, homes, yachts, clothes, and so forth primarily to demonstrate their great wealth?

conspicuous consumption

whats event marketing? give an example.

creating/sponsoring an event that has a particular appeal. Fyre Festival.

John was born in 1955, and he has only known prosperity in his lifetime. He remembers when President Kennedy was assassinated, primarily because his family purchased their first color television not long after that event. While he remembers the Vietnam War, he was too young to be drafted. To which generation does he belong?

Baby Boom generation

Which generation refers to those individuals born during the dramatic increase of births (i.e., almost 80 million baby births) between the end of World War II and 1964?

Baby boom generation

Which is NOT a reason why Americans work long hours? A) minimum wage is higher the more hours worked B) because of their material orientation C) because they may lack skills or job opportunities to provide even a moderate lifestyle without doing so D) work is meaningful and valuable to them E) all of the above are reasons why Americans work long hours

Because minimum wage is higher the more hours worked

How can an organization provide superior customer value to customers?

By doing a better job of anticipating and reacting to customer needs than the competition does.

The relatively faster growth rate of non-European groups in the United States is due to their _____.

higher birthrates, and greater immigration

Which of the following is NOT a reason why the population of the United States has grown steadily since 1960? A) longer life expectancies B) increasing birth rate C) immigration D) baby boomers moving through child-bearing years E) all of the above are reasons why the population of the United States has grown

increasing birth rate

America is basically a _____. That is, the educational system, government, and political process are not controlled by a religious group, and most people's daily behaviors are not guided by strict religious guidelines.

secular society

What are demographics?

statistical data relating to the population and particular groups within it.

A segment of a larger culture whose members share distinguishing values and patterns of behavior is known as a(n) _____.

subculture

Define green marketing

term used to identify concern with the environmental consequences of a variety of marketing activities

Define greenwashing

the act of misleading consumers regarding the environmental practices of a company or the environmental benefits of a product or service

What is purchasing power parity?

the rate of conversion of one country's currency to purchase the same goods

Consumer Behavior

the study of the processes involved when individuals or groups select, purchase, use, or dispose of products, services, ideas, or experiences to satisfy needs and desires

Earl did not complete high school and works as a janitor at two jobs. His income is very low, and he does not possess any skills to help him get a better paying job. Which social class best describes Earl?

upper-lower class

Buzz is a self-employed construction worker. He is proud of his ability to do "real work" and sees himself as the often-unappreciated backbone of America. He dislikes the upper-middle class and prefers products and stores positioned toward his social-class level. Which term best describes Buzz?

working-class aristocrat