Continents, TEST 1 ---7 continents & 4 oceans, The Five Themes of Geography Terms and Definitions
Temperate Zones (SEASONS) describe it and where is it located?
*Cooler than the torrid zone *Have wide ranges of temperatures and experience seasons. *Between the Tropic of Cancer to the Arctic Circle and the Tropic of Capricorn to the Antarctic Circle.
Frigid Zones (POLAR) describe it and where is it located?
*Found in the far north and south. *Coldest climates (Zero to subzero temperatures all year) *Extends from the Arctic and Antarctic Circles
Prime Meridian 0˚ longitude
*Latin for meridianus, meaning midday *Used to measure distances east and west of the prime meridian. *Divides the earth into the Eastern and Western Hemispheres.
Parallels of Latitude:
*Lines that run east and west around the globe. *are used to measure distance north or south of the equator.
International Date Line
*On the opposite side of the globe *Zigzags through the middle of the Pacific Ocean, mostly along 180˚ longitude. *Both the Prime Meridian and International Date Line are used for designating time by marking the change of days and dates as the earth rotates.
The Equator 0˚ latitude
*The parallel of latitude that encircles the earth halfway between the North and South Poles. *Divides the earth into two equal hemispheres (Northern and Southern hemispheres).
Torrid Zone (TROPICAL) describe it and where is it located?
*Warm all year *It extends from the tropic of Cancer to the tropic of Capricorn and encompasses the equator.
Climate involves
*certain patterns of weather which occur over a LONG period of time in a particular region. **NOT described as windy or partly cloudy. Describes typical weather conditions in an area. Example: tropical rain forest or desert
Weather involves the
*changes that take place in the lower part of the earth's atmosphere in a localized area during a SHORT period of time. Forecasts: warm, dry, partly cloudy, windy, snowy, etc.
Mariana Trench is
*deepest point on earth located in Challenger Deep in the Pacific Ocean (You can fit Mt. Everest into this canyon in the ocean floor and still cover its peak with nearly 7,000 feet of water)
The prime meridian
-is the beginning point for measuring to the east and west. (line runs up & down globe)
The equator
-the beginning point for measuring to the North and South Poles. (Line runs across the middle of the globe)
What 5 things determines the Climate of a region?
1. SUN 2. Latitude 3. Elevation 4. Large bodies of water 5. Mountain ranges
Each degree of latitude or longitude is divided into
60 minutes allowing for even more precise measurements.
equator
An imaginary line around the middle of the earth halfway between the North Pole and South Pole with a latitude of 0.
prime meridian
An imaginary line with a longitude of 0 that divides the earth into Western and Eastern hemispheres.
Human Characteristics
Anything manmade: art, language, religion, government, landmarks, bridges, roads etc. What's it like when you get there?
Examples of Parallels of Latitude (Lines that run East & West around the globe)
Arctic Circle: 66˚ 33' N Antarctic Circle: 66˚ 33' S Tropic of Cancer: 23˚ 27' N Tropic of Capricorn: 23˚27' S The Equator Latitude
modify
Build trails and roads; cut down trees
relative location
Describes location of a point by telling what it is near or what is close by.
hemisphere
Half of the earth -- either Northern / Southern, or Eastern / Western
longitude
Imaginary lines that measure degrees east or west of the prime meridian
latitude
Imaginary lines that measure degrees north or south of the equator
Lines of Longitude are called
Meridians and run North & South around the globe and meet at the poles
Physical characteristics
Natural features: landforms, water forms, climate, native plants, and native animals. What's it like when you get there?
movement
People and ideas spread and get around!
location
Tells you where it is (absolute and relative)
absolute location
The EXACT location of a point on the earth's surface using latitude and longitude.
regions
What do the locations have in common?
human-environment interaction
What do the people do to the environment? What does the environment do for the people?
place
What's it like when you get there? Each one has its own physical and human characteristics.
Africa
Which continent is marked with an X?
Asia
Which continent is marked with an X?
Australia
Which continent is marked with an X?
Europe
Which continent is marked with an X?
North America
Which continent is marked with an X?
South America
Which continent is marked with an X?
Atlantic Ocean
Which ocean is marked with an X?
Indian Ocean
Which ocean is marked with an X?
Pacific Ocean
Which ocean is marked with an X?
North America
a continent (the third largest) in the western hemisphere connected to South America by the Isthmus of Panama
South America
a continent in the western hemisphere connected to North America by the Isthmus of Panama
interact
adapt to, modify, depend on
Antarctica
an extremely cold continent at the south pole almost entirely below the Antarctic Circle
Latitude and Longitude:
are imaginary lines used to divide the earth into sections to make it easier to locate specific places.
Degrees of longitude (except the prime meridian are always
followed by a capital E or W (for East or West)
Degrees of latitude (except the equator) are always
followed by a capital N or S (for North or South)
Arctic Ocean
ice covered waters surrounding the North Pole and the COLDEST ocean
Atlantic Ocean
the 2nd largest ocean
Europe
the 2nd smallest continent (actually a vast peninsula of Eurasia)
Indian Ocean
the 3rd largest ocean and warmest
Pacific Ocean
the largest #1 and deepest ocean in the world
Asia
the largest continent with 60% of the earth's population
Africa
the second largest continent
Australia
the smallest continent
what determines the climate of a region?
the sun, Latitude, Elevation, Large bodies of water, and Mountain Ranges
depend on
use trees for paper, heat, homes
adapt to
wear warm clothes
