coronary artery disease
rest, nitroglycerin, or oxygen
Alleviating factors of Angina
tightness, indigestion, or heaviness.
Angina usually is described as
substernal pain described as sharp, burning, or heavy. often mimic angina. can radiate to neck, arm, or shoulders. see a GI DOCTOR
Character of esophageal disorders
e.g., 60 beats per minute
Digoxin should be withheld and the healthcare provider notified if the pulse rate falls below a predetermined rate
ACS acute coronary syndrome
Mild to severe chest pain associated with sob, diaphoresis, palpitations, unusual fatigue and n/v
antihypertensive and antianginal medication
Nitroglycerin is a potent
anxiety and panic disorders
Pain described as a stabbing dull ache assoiated with diaphoresis, palpitations, sob, tingling of hands or mouth, feeling of unreality or fear of losing control
Pulmonary disorders (pneumonia, pulmonary embolism)
Sharp, severe substernal or epigastric pain arising from inferior portion of the pleura. patient may be able to localize pain
60-100 impulses per minute
The SA node fires at a rate of what per minute
blood pressure
The major action of intravenous nitroglycerin is venous and then arterial dilation, leading to a decrease in
Relieved by sublingual nitroglycerin
What does a nurse who is caring for a client experiencing anginal pain expect to observe about the pain?
Asking the client to sit or stand slowly
What is the priority nursing action when caring for a client receiving nitroglycerin for the treatment of angina?
myocardial ischemia
a disorder that usually is caused by a critical coronary artey obstruction, which is also known as atherscleotic coronary artery disease (CAD)
sitting upright, analgesia, anti-inflammatory medications
alleviating factors of pericarditis
stroke volume
amount of blood ejected with each heartbeat
angina
can radiate across chest to the medial aspect of one or both arms and hands, jaw, shoulders, upper back, or epigastric
normal = 4-6 liters/min
cardiac output is the amount of blood pumped by the ventricles in liters per minute. normal liters??
Sharp or stabbing pain localized in anterior chest most often unilateral can radiate across chest to epigastrium or back. from using your muscles***
character of Muscukeletal disorders
systole or depolarization
contraction of the heart is known as
hypokalemia
digoxin causes
slows and strengthens the heart rate
digoxin does what to the heart
nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, headache, dizziness, confusion, delirium, vision disturbance (blurred or yellow vision).
digoxin toxicity are
ejection fraction
fraction of blood ejected with each heart beat
55%-65%
normal ejection fraction
70ml/beat
normal stroke volume
neck, arms and back
pericarditis can radiate to ?..
sudden onset, pain increases with inspiration, swallowing, coughing, and rotation of the trunk
precipitating factors and aggravating factors of pericarditis
angina
radiating to arms and hands, described as numbness, tingling, or aching
ACS
refers to a rupture of an atheromatous plaque in a diseased coronary artery, which form an obstructive thrombus
diastole or repolarization
relaxation of the heart is known as
ACS (acute coronary syndrome)
same as angina pectoris pain or discomfort ranges from mild to severe
pericarditis
sharp severe substernal or epigastic pain
FEVER, malaise, dyspnea, cough, nausea, dizziness, and palpatations
symptoms of pericarditis include:
pericardium
the thin sac that the heart is enclosed in
Angina pericarditis pulmonary disorders esophageal disorders anxiety/panic and musculoskeletal disorders
types of chest pain
angina
uncomfortable pressure,squeezing, or fullness in substernal chest area.
physical exertion, emotional upset, eating a large meal, or exposure to extreme temperatures.
what are the precipitating factors and aggravating factors of angina
endocardium - inner layer myocardium - middle(muscle) epicardium - outer
what are the three layers of the heart
SA node
what is the primary pacemaker of the heart