CP Biology Chapter 9

Definition of cellular respiration

breaking down glucose in the presence of oxygen

Describe what happens during the process of glycolysis

glucose is broken down into pyruvic acids, net gain of 2 ATP & 2 NADH

What happens during the process of glycolysis if oxygen is available

pyruvate moves to the Krebs Cycle (aerobic)

Describe what happens during the Krebs cycle

-Pyruvic acid goes in -Carbon dioxide come out -NADH & FADH2 come out

How are high-energy electrons used by the ETC?

-helps to build ATP -34 total ATPs

Identify three pathways the body uses to release energy during exercise

1-2 seconds: ATP stored in muscle 60-90 seconds: lactic acid 90+seconds: cellular respiration

Name two types of fermentation and their products

1.) alcoholic fermentation products: alcohol, carbon dioxide, NAD+ 2.) lactic fermentation products: lactic acid, NAD+ (regenerates back to glycolysis)

Three steps of cellular respiration and where they take place

1.) glycolysis (cytoplasm) 2.) Krebs cycle (mitochondria) 3.) electron transport chain (mitochondria)

What is another term for Krebs Cycle?

Citric Acid Cycle

How many ATP molecules are in glycolysis, Krebs Cycle, ETC, Fermentation, aerobic cellular respiration, glycolysis & cellular respiration

Glycolysis-2 Krebs Cycle-34 ETC-34 Fermentation-0 Aerobic Cellular Respiration-36 Glycolysis & Cellular-36

Compare photosynthesis and respiration

Photosynthesis: -stores energy -takes place in the chloroplast - reactants are sunlight+carbon dioxide+water -products are glucose+oxygen -takes place in plant cells Cellular Respiration: -releases energy -take place in the mitochondria -reactants are glucose+oxygen -products are energy+ carbon dioxide & water -takes place in eukaryotes

What happens during the process of glycolysis if oxygen is not available

it moves to fermentation (anaerobic)

Where does the Krebs cycle take place?

mitochondria

Cellular respiration equation

oxygen+glucose-> carbon dioxide+water+ATP