Criminal Justice EXAM 1

An offender may have to pay a sum of money as part of his or her punishment: True False

True

The Uniform Crime Reports provide a useful picture of crime in the United States: True False

True

Instead of prison, an offender may be sentenced to this: probation parole capital punishment exile

probation

The National Incident-Based Reporting System does not account for successfully completed drug transactions because buyers consider themselves satisfied customers, not crime victims, and thus do not report these offenses in victimization surveys: True False

False

All crimes involve a discernible victim: True False

False

Crime is a straightforward problem that responds to simple solutions: True False

False

Crime is crime and is generally not divided into different types: True False

False

In a democracy, citizens are not responsible for ensuring that the laws are enforced: True False

False

Measuring crime is easy: True False

False

Serial murderers are common: True False

False

The goals and missions of law enforcement are always identical to those of the judicial system or the corrections system: True False

False

As a society, we simply cannot afford to spend the money and resources necessary to have a totally crime-free society: True False

True

Burglary is different from larceny-theft: True False

True

Considering victimization is not a way to understand crime: True False

True

Offenders serve sentences less than a year in a local jail, and longer than a year in prison: True False

True

One study found that hate crimes are disproportionately directed "downward," that is, the offenders typically belong to a majority or powerful social group, and the victims to a minority social group: True False

True

Sometimes the work of local, state, and federal law enforcement agencies conflicts: True False

True

Which is one of the problems of attempting to measure crime?: Not all crimes are reported. Too many crimes are reported. Some of the reports are not really crimes. There are many measurement techniques.

Not all crimes are reported

The National Incident-Based Reporting System gathers data on all offenses committed in a multi-crime incident: True False

True

The emphasis on street crime is problematic because it drains resources from the prevention of other types of crime: True False

True

The stigma of being a victim of rape or sexual assault is so strong that many victims do not want to go through the trauma of dealing with the criminal justice system: True False

True

Victimization surveys do not provide a comprehensive account of crime: True False

True

The administration of a legal process of judging and to pronounce a judgment: decision discretion adjudicate adjust

adjudicate

Which is a logistical obstacle to measuring crime effectively and efficiently?: problems of definition problems of resources problems of politics all of the above

all of the above

These offenses are punishable by more than a year in a state prison: executive crimes misdemeanors corporate crimes felonies

felonies

This minor criminal offense is punishable by a fine and/or jail time for up to one year: felony misdemeanor assault rape

misdemeanor

This is a method for trying to understand the level of unreported crime: media reports victimization surveys crime-rate calculations arrest reports

victimization surveys

How does the FBI currently classify arson?: UCR Part II Offense NIBRS Group B Offense property crime violent crime

violent crime

This instrument gathers data on each individual criminal offense committed during the commission of multiple offenses: Uniform Crime Reports victimization surveys National Incident-Based Reporting System arrest reports

National Incident-Based Reporting System

This is the most extensive and useful measure of crime available: victimization surveys Uniform Crime Reports self-report studies arrest reports

Uniform Crime Reports

Which measure of crime uses the hierarchy rule?: National Incident-Based Reporting System National Crime Victimization Survey self-report studies Uniform Crime Reports

Uniform Crime Reports

When law enforcement detains and holds a criminal suspect or suspects: stop deterrence arrest frisk

arrest

What is the unlawful entry of a structure in order to commit a felony or theft?: larceny/theft robbery breaking-and-entering burglary

burglary

This is necessary to compare crime across jurisdictions: studying crime reports calculating the crime rate accessing crime statistics talking to victims

calculating the crime rate

This is an action taken by a person or a group of people that violates the rules of society to the point that someone is harmed or society's interests are harmed: crime violence tort retribution

crime

This social institution controls crime by detecting, detaining, adjudicating, and punishing and/or rehabilitating people who break the law: criminal justice courts law enforcement criminology

criminal justice

What are crimes that occur but do not get reported called?: unknown crimes dark measure of crime dense figure of crime dark figure of crime

dark figure of crime

Criminal justice officials use this to decide which cases to push further into the criminal justice system: hearings trials discretion grand juries

discretion

This criminal justice model describes the expectation of a just and fair criminal justice system: due process model adjudication model retributive model crime control model

due process model

This consists of the rules, habits, and customs a society uses to enforce conformity to its norms: laws social control sociological imagination social class

social control