Criminology Final

Sutherland differential association theory had how many elements?

9 (specific statements)

He wrote "Outsiders: studies and the Sociology of Deviance" about the labeling perspective?

Becker

This pertains to behaviors and attitudes towards certain individuals that treat them as though they are on a pedestal?

Chivalry

This act makes it unlawful to willfully cause bodily injury with a dangerous weapon when it was committed bc of perceived race, color, religion, etc?

Matthew shepard and james byrd ir hate crimes prevention act of 2009

In labeling theory, this is the type of minor infrequent offending people commit before they are caught and labeled as offenders?

Primary deviance

Which act required the attorney general to develop guidelines and collect data about crime that could be based on race religion sexual orientation etc?

The hate crime statistic act of 1990

This assumes that criminal behavior increases because certain individuals are caught and branded as offenders?

The labeling theory

What critical influence did Sutherland leave out of his differential association theory?

The media

Corporate crime causes at least this many times more debts than due traditional street crimes?

(at least) 7 times

The general theory of crime assumes that self control must be established by what age?

Age 10

This country produces about 90% of the cocaine entering the United States?

Columbia

This will slow down the normal activity of the central nervous system?

Depressants

This refers to when the criminal career of an individual ends or they opt out of it themselves?

Desistance

What theory did Sutherland come up with/introduce?

Differential association

This involves terrorist activities against the government that are committed by rebellious groups?

Dissident terrorism

This involves violent behaviors induced by the effects of a drug or illegal activity motivated by continued drug use?

Drug related crimes

The declaration of sentiments stressed the need for reforms except for?

Employment

The criteria for white collar crime can include how many elements?

Four elements

Feminists of the second wave of feminists argued that to be fully liberated, women need to have all but the following?

Freedom of conscious

This refers to how often the individual offends at certain times?

Frequency

These are drugs that alter one's thought process, moods, or perceptions?

Hallucinogens

What was Sutherland interested in explaining?

How criminal values and attitudes could be culturally transmitted from one generation to another

Deaths and injuries, due to corporate crimes have?

Increased

This is a communication frame that exposed corrupt or illegal behavior?

Investigative frame

What type of offenses does chronic offending start with?

Minor offenses

Soldiers were given this drug not only to ease their injuries but to relieve their pain?

Morphine

Sutherland didn't give a clear definition of white collar crime except in a vague footnote where certain conditions apply such as?

Offenders must be at the top of the socioeconomic status

The ______ of offending refers to when the offender begins to offend?

Onset

This would be a learning model based on the association between action and feedback following the action?

Operant conditioning

What type of actor in the process of classical conditioning such as the organism, animal, or person that simply receives stimuli and responds to it?

Passive actor

According to socialist feminist perspective, what is a womans ultimate worst enemy?

Patriarchy

This perspective said that women as a group cannot be understood?

Postmodern feminism

Enacted in 1906 authorizing federal regulations on any medication

Pure food and drug act

Byers and Crider used what theory to examine hate crimes against the Amish?

RAT (routine activities theory)

The DEA designated 5 chemicals often found in spice as this type of control substance making it illegal to buy sell or possess?

Schedule one

In labeling theory, this is more serious frequent offending people commit after they have been caught and labeled as offenders?

Secondary deviance

Thornberry combined these models when developing the interactional model?

Social control and social learning model

What is deviance created by?

Society

The following terms are typically used with white collar crime except?

Street crime

He is considered one of the most influential criminologist of the 20th century and introduced differential association theory?

Sutherland

Who coined the term white collar crime?

Sutherland

His theory focused on the process that occurs after an individual has been caught and designated as violating the law?

Tannenbaum

Anabolic Androgenic steroids are synthetically produced variations of?

Testosterone

What is the first prominent acknowledgment of white collar crime?

The american sociological society conference of 1939

This is a concept proposed by Tannenbaum in relation to labeling theory that states when relatively minor laws are broken, the community tends to dramatize it?

The dramatization of evil

What act amended the hate crime statistics act?

The violent crime control and law enforcement act of 1994

Sampson and Laub developmental model is considered a more specific form of what?

Theory of drill

According to model state legislation, all the following factors should be considered hate crimes about a person's status as homeless except for?

Violating a contract with a homeless person

He argued that there are basic biologically differences between males and females?

W.I. thomas

When did feminist criminology evolve?

When various assumptions and stereotypes about women in criminal justice were being questioned