Criminology Final
Sutherland differential association theory had how many elements?
9 (specific statements)
He wrote "Outsiders: studies and the Sociology of Deviance" about the labeling perspective?
Becker
This pertains to behaviors and attitudes towards certain individuals that treat them as though they are on a pedestal?
Chivalry
This act makes it unlawful to willfully cause bodily injury with a dangerous weapon when it was committed bc of perceived race, color, religion, etc?
Matthew shepard and james byrd ir hate crimes prevention act of 2009
In labeling theory, this is the type of minor infrequent offending people commit before they are caught and labeled as offenders?
Primary deviance
Which act required the attorney general to develop guidelines and collect data about crime that could be based on race religion sexual orientation etc?
The hate crime statistic act of 1990
This assumes that criminal behavior increases because certain individuals are caught and branded as offenders?
The labeling theory
What critical influence did Sutherland leave out of his differential association theory?
The media
Corporate crime causes at least this many times more debts than due traditional street crimes?
(at least) 7 times
The general theory of crime assumes that self control must be established by what age?
Age 10
This country produces about 90% of the cocaine entering the United States?
Columbia
This will slow down the normal activity of the central nervous system?
Depressants
This refers to when the criminal career of an individual ends or they opt out of it themselves?
Desistance
What theory did Sutherland come up with/introduce?
Differential association
This involves terrorist activities against the government that are committed by rebellious groups?
Dissident terrorism
This involves violent behaviors induced by the effects of a drug or illegal activity motivated by continued drug use?
Drug related crimes
The declaration of sentiments stressed the need for reforms except for?
Employment
The criteria for white collar crime can include how many elements?
Four elements
Feminists of the second wave of feminists argued that to be fully liberated, women need to have all but the following?
Freedom of conscious
This refers to how often the individual offends at certain times?
Frequency
These are drugs that alter one's thought process, moods, or perceptions?
Hallucinogens
What was Sutherland interested in explaining?
How criminal values and attitudes could be culturally transmitted from one generation to another
Deaths and injuries, due to corporate crimes have?
Increased
This is a communication frame that exposed corrupt or illegal behavior?
Investigative frame
What type of offenses does chronic offending start with?
Minor offenses
Soldiers were given this drug not only to ease their injuries but to relieve their pain?
Morphine
Sutherland didn't give a clear definition of white collar crime except in a vague footnote where certain conditions apply such as?
Offenders must be at the top of the socioeconomic status
The ______ of offending refers to when the offender begins to offend?
Onset
This would be a learning model based on the association between action and feedback following the action?
Operant conditioning
What type of actor in the process of classical conditioning such as the organism, animal, or person that simply receives stimuli and responds to it?
Passive actor
According to socialist feminist perspective, what is a womans ultimate worst enemy?
Patriarchy
This perspective said that women as a group cannot be understood?
Postmodern feminism
Enacted in 1906 authorizing federal regulations on any medication
Pure food and drug act
Byers and Crider used what theory to examine hate crimes against the Amish?
RAT (routine activities theory)
The DEA designated 5 chemicals often found in spice as this type of control substance making it illegal to buy sell or possess?
Schedule one
In labeling theory, this is more serious frequent offending people commit after they have been caught and labeled as offenders?
Secondary deviance
Thornberry combined these models when developing the interactional model?
Social control and social learning model
What is deviance created by?
Society
The following terms are typically used with white collar crime except?
Street crime
He is considered one of the most influential criminologist of the 20th century and introduced differential association theory?
Sutherland
Who coined the term white collar crime?
Sutherland
His theory focused on the process that occurs after an individual has been caught and designated as violating the law?
Tannenbaum
Anabolic Androgenic steroids are synthetically produced variations of?
Testosterone
What is the first prominent acknowledgment of white collar crime?
The american sociological society conference of 1939
This is a concept proposed by Tannenbaum in relation to labeling theory that states when relatively minor laws are broken, the community tends to dramatize it?
The dramatization of evil
What act amended the hate crime statistics act?
The violent crime control and law enforcement act of 1994
Sampson and Laub developmental model is considered a more specific form of what?
Theory of drill
According to model state legislation, all the following factors should be considered hate crimes about a person's status as homeless except for?
Violating a contract with a homeless person
He argued that there are basic biologically differences between males and females?
W.I. thomas
When did feminist criminology evolve?
When various assumptions and stereotypes about women in criminal justice were being questioned