CS 2705 Exam 1

Full-duplex

Two-way communication simultaneously. Similar to a telephone call.

Half-duplex

Two-way communication, but in only one direction at a time. Ex. Walkie-talkies allow you to speak or listen, but not both at once.

What does WAN stand for?

Wide Area Network (great distance)

Contains hardware address information for a device.

Date Link

1. Networking Hardware and Setup Costs

Disadvantage

3. Management and Administration Costs

Disadvantage

What notation is used to display IPv4 addresses in a more human-friendly form?

Dotted-decimal

During an HTTP communication session, the _____ requests information, and the ______ responds by sending the requested information.

During an HTTP communication sessions, the client requests information, and the server responds by sending the requested information.

________ is the process by which information from the higher layers is combined as the data payload information of the next layer.

Encapsulation

Encapsulation and Routing

Encapsulation Stage (Move down) Data Segments Packets Frames Bits then it goes to ROUTER Bits Frames Packets Segments Data De-encapsulation (Move up)

A document with proposed changes to an existing standard that are not recognized as a formal standard.

Experimental

True or False. Due to the enormous size of the internet, it is not considered to be a network.

False

True or False. Ethernet networks must use Cat5e or Cat6 cable in order to operate properly.

False

True or False. In order for an application to function, it must know the specific details about the physical layer properties of a connection.

False

True or False. One benefit of the OSI model is that device manufacturers will always follow the layer guidelines to promote compatibility.

False

True or False. The United States controls the governance of all aspects of the Internet.

False

True or False. When designing a network, performance issues do not need to be considered as they will be addressed once the network is built.

False

Fiber Optic Cable

Physical

Responsible for converting data into electrical signals that can be transmitted.

Physical

UTP Pinout Standards

"A Standard" - TIA/EIA 568A Pin #1 - Green striped Pin #2 - Green Pin #3 - Orange striped Pin #4 - Blue Pin #5 - Blue striped Pin #6 - Orange Pin #7 - Brown striped Pin #8 - Brown "B Standard" - TIA/EIA 568B Pin #1 - Orange striped Pin #2 - Orange Pin #3 - Green striped Pin #4 - Blue Pin #5 - Blue striped Pin #6 - Green Pin #7 - Brown striped Pin #8 - Brown

IEEE Standards discussed:

- 802.3 - Ethernet - 802.5 - Token Ring - 802.11 - Wireless

Common Standards and Organizations

- International Organization for Standardization (ISO) - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) - Electronic Industries Alliance (EIA) - Telecommunications Industry Association (TIA)

TIA/EIA Standards covered:

- TIA/EIA 568A and 568B (UTP cabling pinouts)

OSI Model layers

7. Application - ALL 6. Presentation - PEOPLE 5. Session - SEEM (^^Upper layers are mostly handled in the application software) 4. Transport - TO 3. Network - NEED 2. Data Link - DATA 1. Physical - PROCESSING (^^Lower layers are closely associated with hardware devices)

Assume you just retrieved your postal mail and noticed an advertisement from a local ISP offering a connection speed of 80 megabits-per-second. How would this number be appropriately abbreviated?

80 Mbps

What is the Internet?

A collection of all networks connected and accessible by other networks. *Largest Wide Area Network (WAN)

Entertainment (Netflix - only one episode, I promise...)

Advantage

IP Network Address Translation (NAT)

Allows routers to use translate private addresses to public networks.

What are the Upper layers of the OSI model?

Application, Presentation, and Session

Mobile IP

Assists with mobile devices moving between networks

Which of the following are features of Quality of Service (QoS) that can be configured to manipulate traffic on a network? (choose two)

Bandwidth Reservation Traffic Prioritization

A document that provides IETF guidelines but is not a formal standard.

Best Current Practice

2. Shared Internet Access

Both

4. Data Security

Both

A _____ message is a message that is sent to all devices on a network.

Broadcast

802.11 resides in which OSI Model Layer?

Data Link

10.0.0.1

Class A

Private IP Ranges

Class A - Private Range 10.0.0.0 - 10.255.255.255 Class B - Private Range 172.16.0.0 - 172.31.255.255 Class C - Private Range - 192.168.0.0 - 192.168.255.255

IP Address Classes

Class A - Range: 1.0.0.0 - 127.255.255.255 Clase B - Range: 128.0.0.0 - 191.255.255.255 Class C - Range: 192.0.0.0 - 223.255.255.255

149.35.69.3

Class B

172.16.0.1

Class B

192.168.0.1

Class C

Connection-Oriented

Closely relates to circuit switching. Connection maintained throughout session. Protocol(s): TCP

Common Cable Types

Coaxial Cable (Coax) Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) Fiber Optic Cable (Can transmit farther distance)

Simplex

Communication happens in one direction. Radio stations transmit one-way.

Managed Switch

Data Link

Which of the following OSI Model Layers can be subdivided into two different layers (LLC and MAC)?

Data Link

TCP/IP Model

Four layer model that combines OSI model layers. Consists of Application, Transport, Internet, and Network Access (or link-layer). Application layer contains application, presentation, and session layers. Transport aligns with the OSI Transport layer. Internet layer aligns with the OSI Network layer. Network Access aligns with the OSI Data Link and Physical layers.

Which connection type allows for the sending and receiving of data simultaneously?

Full-Duplex

A document that has been made obsolete.

Historical

Which of the following organizations is tasked with maintaining IP address and DNS information in the United States?

ICANN

IP Overview and History

IP is the core of the TCP/IP protocol suite and main network layer protocol. IP is a connectionless, best-effort protocol. IPv4 was the first version of IP. IPv4 uses a 32-bit address space (~4.3 billion addresses) The successor to IPv4 is IPv6 IPv6 uses a 128-bit address space

A document that provides general commentary.

Informational

Which institution is responsible for developing the OSI model?

International Organization for Standardization (ISO)

Layer 3 Device

It's a ROUTER!

______ is the term used to describe the time taken from when a packet is sent to when the packet arrives at the destination. This is commonly referred to as "ping time" in various places such as online gaming.

Latency

Common Layer 2 Devices

Layer 2 Switch (Cisco 2960G 48-port Managed Switch with SFP. Wireless Access Point (AP) (Cisco Aironet 4800 Wap)

A network that is confined to a small area such as a home residence or single building would be considered a _____.

Local Area Network (LAN)

What does LAN stand for?

Local Area Network (covers small office or home)

Cat6 UTP Cable

Physical

Throughput

Measured speed of the traffic on a connection medium.

Broadcast

Messages are sent out to ALL devices on a network segment.

Unicast

Messages are sent to a SINGLE device on a network.

Multicast

Messages are sent to a SPECIFIED group of devices on a network.

A(n) ______ is a collection of computers and/or other hardware devices connected together, allowing them to exchange information.

Network

Contains logical addressing and performs routing functions.

Network

L3 Managed Switch

Network

Router

Network

What is an Extranet?

Network externally accessible by a select number of businesses/people. (Ex. company acquires another company and wants to share resources.)

What is an Intranet?

Network internal to an institution

Which of the following accurately describes proprietary standards?

Proprietary standards are standards that companies develop specific to the products they support.

IP Security (IPSEC)

Protocol used in Virtual Private Networking that provides secure access over an otherwise insecure network (the Internet)

Which of the following options makes it possible for anyone to submit input on a particular standard (assuming the proper procedure is followed)?

RFC

Connection-less

Relates closely to packet switching. No connection is made; data is sent when needed. Protocol(s): UDP, IP

Uses sockets to monitor and maintain connections.

Session

Which of the following cable types would be suitable for transmission over several miles?

Singlemode Fiber Optic cable

A document that is either formally approved or likely to become a standard.

Standards Track

Circuit Switching

Start-to-finish communication via ONE route/path.

Select the TCP/IP protocols that provide services to other protocols. (choose three)

TCP, IP, UDP

Latency

The amount of time it takes to get from source to destination. (Ping time)

Bandwidth

Total data carrying capacity of the transmission medium.

Packet Switching

Traffic may use DIFFERENT ROUTES in transit to the destination. (Most IP traffic)

Responsible for end-to-end communication and reliable delivery of data.

Transport

What are the lower layers of the OSI model?

Transport, Network, Data Link, and Physical

True or False. In order for the Internet to property function worldwide, Internet governing boards oversee the development and implementation of various technologies in an effort to maintain compatibility and overall functionality.

True

bits and Bytes

bits use a small b; Bytes use a big B There are 8 bits in a Byte. 100 Megabits per second: 100 Mbps. 10 Megabytes per second: 10 MBps.