*CSD 331 Chapter 6

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ramus

A branch or division.

protuberance

A bulge or prominence above a structure's surface.

tubercle

A small rounded prominence on bone.

symphysis menti

A/K/A mental symphysis; the juncture of the fused paired bones of the mandible.

sphenoid sinuses

Air-filled sinuses in sphenoid bone.

columella

Also known as columella nasi; paired columns of tissue connecting upper lip and nares.

laryngopharynx

Also known as hypopharynx; space bounded anteriorly by the epiglottis and inferiorly by the esophagus.

medial surface of tooth

Also known as mesial; surface directed toward midpoint between central incisors, along the dental arch.

cuspid

Also known as the canine tooth or eye tooth; tooth distal to lateral incisors with single cusp.

external auditory meatus

Also known as the ear canal and external ear canal; canal terminating at tympanic membrane.

intermaxillary suture

Also known as the median palatine suture; structure joining palatal processes of the maxilla.

pharyngeal cavity

Also known as the pharynx; space posterior to oral and nasal cavities, including oropharynx, nasopharynx, and laryngopharynx.

hypophyseal fossa of sphenoid bone

Also known as the pituitary fossa sella turcica; inferior space of sphenoid in which pituitary gland resides.

depressor angulioris muscle

Also known as the triangularis; muscle originating along lateral margins of mandible on the oblique line and inserting into corner of upper lip and orbicularis oris superior.

jugum of sphenoid bone

Anterior aspect of body of sphenoid.

incisors

Anterior four teeth of dental arch.

premaxilla

Anterior-most portion of the hard palate, marked by the premaxillary suture dividing the region of the cuspids and lateral incisors, and terminating in the incisive foramen.

central incisors

Anterior-most teeth of dental arch.

zygomatic arch

Arch consisting of the temporal process of zygomatic bone and zygomatic process of temporal bone and to which masseter attaches and through which temporalis passes.

faucial pillars

Bands of tissue in posterior oral cavity separating oral and pharyngeal spaces.

superior orbital fissure of sphenoid bone

Canal of the sphenoid bone through which the IV trochlear nerve passes.

foramen rotundum of sphenoid bone

Canal of the sphenoid through which the III oculomotor nerve passes.

internal auditory meatus

Canal through which auditory nerve passes into cranial vault.

foramen ovale of sphenoid bone

Canal within sphenoid bone through which mandibular nerve of V trigeminal passes.

optic canal of sphenoid bone

Canal within sphenoid through which optic nerve passes.

buccal cavity

Cavity lateral to the teeth, bounded by the cheek.

nasal septum

Dividing plate between left and right nasal cavities, made up of the vertical component of the vomer, perpendicular plate of ethmoid, and the septal cartilage.

median fibrous septum of tongue

Dividing wall between right and left halves of the tongue that serves as the point of origin for the transverse muscle of the tongue.

median raphe of hard palate

Division point between the left and right halves of the hard palate.

clinical eruption

Eruption of the teeth into the oral cavity.

intraosseous eruption

Eruption of tooth through bone.

auditory tube

Eustachian tube; aerating tube connecting nasopharynx and the middle ear.

squamosal portion of temporal bone

Fan-shaped portion of temporal bone.

ruga, rugae

Folds or creases of tissue.

incisive foramen

Foramen in hard palate that marks the union of the premaxilla and the palatine processes.

infraorbital foramen

Foramen of maxilla through which V trigeminal nerve emerges to serve facial sensation.

foramen magnum

Foramen through which spinal cord passes as it enters the braincase.

cerebellar fossa

Fossa of occipital bone within which cerebellum resides.

cerebral fossa

Fossa of occipital bone within which occipital lobe resides.

mandibular fossa of temporal bone

Fossa of temporal bone with which condyle of mandible articulates.

resonant frequency

Frequency of stimulation to which a resonant system responds most vigorously.

chiasmatic groove of sphenoid bone

Groove in sphenoid bone accommodating the optic chiasm.

gingiva

Gum tissue.

infraverted

In dentition, an inadequately erupted tooth.

articulatory system

In speech science, the system of structures involved in shaping the oral cavity for production of speech sounds.

lateral incisors

Incisors lateral to central incisors.

temporal fossa of temporal bone

Indentation of external temporal bone to which temporalis muscle attaches.

wormian bones of parietal bones

Irregular bones created by bifurcations of the lamdoidal suture.

maxillary sinus

Largest of the sinuses of the maxilla.

palatine tonsils

Lymphoid tissue between the fauces.

class I malocclusion

Malocclusion in which there is normal orientation of the molars, but an abnormal orientation of the incisors.

external occipital protuberance

Midline prominence of the occipital bone.

risorius muscle

Most superficial of cheek muscles.

levator angulioris muscle

Muscle arising from canine fossa of maxilla and coursing to insert into upper and lower lips.

mentalis muscle

Muscle arising from region of incisive fossa of the mandible, coursing down to insert into the skin of the chin bone.

zygomatic major muscle

Muscle arising lateral to zygomatic minor on zygomatic bone that courses obliquely down to insert into the corner of the orbicularis oris.

zygomatic minor muscle

Muscle coursing down from facial surface of zygomatic bone, inserting into upper lip.

levator labii superioris alaeque nasi

Muscle coursing vertically along lateral margin of nose, arising from frontal process of maxilla.

levator labii superioris muscle

Muscle originating from infraorbital margin of maxilla, coursing down and into the upper lip.

orbicularis oris muscle

Muscle underlying lips of oral cavity.

mandibular notch

Notch between condylar and coronoid process of mandible.

nasal notch

Notch formed on either side of anterior nasal spine in anterior nasal cavity.

mandibular foramen

Opening on posterior inner surface of the mandible through which V trigeminal enters mandible to serve teeth and gums.

dentin

Osseous portion of the tooth.

palatine process

Paired processes of the maxilla that form the anterior hard palate.

horizontal plate of palatine bone

Plate of palatine bone that makes up posterior 1/4 of the hard palate.

basilar part of occipital bone

Portion of occipital bone articulating with the corpus sphenoid.

tympanic antrum of temporal bone

Portion of petrous portion of temporal bone that communicates with the mastoid portion.

petrous portion of temporal bone

Portion of temporal bone including cochlea and semicircular canals.

tympanic portion of temporal bone

Portion of temporal bone including the anterior and inferior walls of the external auditory meatus.

pulp of tooth

Portion of tooth in which nerves reside.

orbital margin of zygomatic bone

Portion of zygomatic bone that contributes to eye socket.

nasal choanae

Posterior portals connecting the nasal cavities and nasopharynx.

nasal conchae

Posterior portals connecting the nasal cavities and nasopharynx.

mastoid portion of temporal bone

Posterior portion of temporal bone.

orbital process of palatine bone

Process making up the lower portion of eye socket.

occlusion

Process of bringing upper and lower teeth into contact.

nasal portion of frontal bone

Process of frontal bone that articulates with the nasal bone.

zygomatic process of frontal bone

Process of frontal bone that articulates with the zygomatic bone.

frontal process of maxilla

Process of maxilla abutting the frontal bone.

alveolar process

Process of maxilla in which dental alveoli reside.

orbital portion of frontal bone

Process of the frontal bone that makes up a portion of the eye socket.

frontal process of zygomatic bone

Process of zygomatic bone that articulates with frontal bone.

maxillary process of zygomatic bone

Process of zygomatic bone that articulates with the maxilla.

temporal process of zygomatic bone

Process of zygomatic bone that articulates with the temporal bone.

styloid process of temporal bone

Process protruding beneath the external auditory meatus and medial to the mastoid process.

condylar process of mandible

Process that forms the mandibular component of the temporomandibular joint.

coronoid process of mandible

Process to which the temporalis muscle attaches.

canine eminence

Prominence of maxilla formed by the alveolus of the canine (cuspid).

mylohyoid line

Prominence on inner surface of mandible to which mylohyoid muscle attaches.

condyles of occipital bone

Prominences of occipital upon which first cervical vertebrae rests.

class III malocclusion

Relationship between upper and lower dental arches in which the first mandibular molar is advanced farther than one tooth beyond the first maxillary molar.

class II malocclusion

Relationship between upper and lower dental arches in which the first mandibular molars are retracted at least one tooth from the first maxillary molars.

class I occlusion

Relationship between upper and lower dental arches in which the first molar of the mandibular arch is a 1/2 tooth advanced beyond the maxillary molar. Also known as neutroclusion.

salpingopharyngeal fold

Ridge of tissue coursing down from the orifice of the auditory tube within the nasopharynx and overlying the salpingopharyngeal muscle.

torus tubarius

Ridge of tissue encircling the orifice of the auditory tube.

torsiversion

Rotating a tooth about its long axis.

dental alveoli

Small sacs or holes into which teeth insert within the mandible and maxilla.

philtrum

Space between columella nasi

scaphoid fossa of sphenoid bone

Space between medial and lateral pterygoid plates.

velopharyngeal port

Space connecting oropharynx and nasopharynx.

premaxillary suture

Structure joining premaxilla with palatine processes.

crista galli of ethmoid bone

Superior prominence of ethmoid bone that protrudes into cranial vault and forms the anterior attachment for the falx cerebri component of the dura mater.

distal surface of tooth

Surface directed away from midpoint between central incisors, along dental arch.

alveolar arch

Surface of mandible with dental alveoli.

buccal surface of tooth

Surface of tooth adjacent to cheek region.

lingual surface of tooth

Surface of tooth adjacent to tongue.

periodontal ligament

Suspensory ligament for teeth.

occipitomastoid suture of temporal bone

Suture joining mastoid region with occipital bone.

squamosal suture of parietal bones

Suture uniting parietal and temporal bones.

lamdoidal suture of parietal bones

Suture uniting the parietal and occipital bones.

permanent teeth

Teeth of the adult dental arch.

hard palate

The bony portion of the roof of the mouth, made up of the palatal processes of the maxillae and the horizontal plates of the palatine bones.

persistent closed bite

The condition wherein supraversion of the anterior dental arch prohibits the posterior teeth from occlusion.

persistent open bite

The condition wherein the incisors of upper and lower dental arches show a vertical gap due to malocclusion of the posterior arch that prohibits anterior contact.

deciduous dental arch

The dental arch containing the ten temporary teeth.

orbital plates of ethmoid bone

The ethmoid component of the eye socket.

enamel

The hard outer surface of the tooth.

relative micrognathia

The hypoplasia of the mandible relative to the maxilla.

pharyngeal tonsil

The mass of lymphatic tissue within the nasopharynx; also known as adenoids.

zygomatic process of maxilla

The maxillary process abutting the zygomatic bone.

cribriform plates of ethmoid bone

The perforated plate through which the olfactory sensors pass into the nasal cavity.

articulation

The point of joining of two structures, the process of joining two elements.

molars

The posterior three teeth of the mature dental arch, used for grinding.

oropharynx

The region of the pharynx bounded posteriorly by the faucial pillars, superiorly by the velum, and inferiorly by the epiglottis.

occlusal surface

The surfaces of teeth within opposing dental arches that make contact.

source-filter theory

The theory of vowel production that states that a voicing source is generated by the vocal folds and routed through the vocal tract where it is shaped into the sounds of speech.

vocal tract

The tract consisting of the mouth (oral cavity), the region behind the mouth (pharynx), and the nasal cavity.

overbite

The vertical overlap of maxillary incisors over the mandibular incisors when molars are occluded.

cementum

Thin layer of bone joining tooth and alveolus.

tegmen tympani of temporal bone

Thin plate of bone above tympanic antrum.

distoverted

Tilted away from midline.

labioverted

Tilted toward the lip.

mesioverted

Tilted toward the midline.

linguaverted

Tilted toward the tongue.

superadded tooth

Tooth in adult dental arch not represented in deciduous arch.

clivus of sphenoid bone

Union of occipital bone and sphenoid bone that forms foramen magnum.

maxilla

Upper jaw.

cupid's bow

Upper surface of upper lip.

overjet

Vertical overlap of maxillary incisors over mandibular incisors.

ala

Winglike structure.

nasal crest

Within nasal cavity, the midline ridge of the palatal bone.


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