*CSD 331 Chapter 6
ramus
A branch or division.
protuberance
A bulge or prominence above a structure's surface.
tubercle
A small rounded prominence on bone.
symphysis menti
A/K/A mental symphysis; the juncture of the fused paired bones of the mandible.
sphenoid sinuses
Air-filled sinuses in sphenoid bone.
columella
Also known as columella nasi; paired columns of tissue connecting upper lip and nares.
laryngopharynx
Also known as hypopharynx; space bounded anteriorly by the epiglottis and inferiorly by the esophagus.
medial surface of tooth
Also known as mesial; surface directed toward midpoint between central incisors, along the dental arch.
cuspid
Also known as the canine tooth or eye tooth; tooth distal to lateral incisors with single cusp.
external auditory meatus
Also known as the ear canal and external ear canal; canal terminating at tympanic membrane.
intermaxillary suture
Also known as the median palatine suture; structure joining palatal processes of the maxilla.
pharyngeal cavity
Also known as the pharynx; space posterior to oral and nasal cavities, including oropharynx, nasopharynx, and laryngopharynx.
hypophyseal fossa of sphenoid bone
Also known as the pituitary fossa sella turcica; inferior space of sphenoid in which pituitary gland resides.
depressor angulioris muscle
Also known as the triangularis; muscle originating along lateral margins of mandible on the oblique line and inserting into corner of upper lip and orbicularis oris superior.
jugum of sphenoid bone
Anterior aspect of body of sphenoid.
incisors
Anterior four teeth of dental arch.
premaxilla
Anterior-most portion of the hard palate, marked by the premaxillary suture dividing the region of the cuspids and lateral incisors, and terminating in the incisive foramen.
central incisors
Anterior-most teeth of dental arch.
zygomatic arch
Arch consisting of the temporal process of zygomatic bone and zygomatic process of temporal bone and to which masseter attaches and through which temporalis passes.
faucial pillars
Bands of tissue in posterior oral cavity separating oral and pharyngeal spaces.
superior orbital fissure of sphenoid bone
Canal of the sphenoid bone through which the IV trochlear nerve passes.
foramen rotundum of sphenoid bone
Canal of the sphenoid through which the III oculomotor nerve passes.
internal auditory meatus
Canal through which auditory nerve passes into cranial vault.
foramen ovale of sphenoid bone
Canal within sphenoid bone through which mandibular nerve of V trigeminal passes.
optic canal of sphenoid bone
Canal within sphenoid through which optic nerve passes.
buccal cavity
Cavity lateral to the teeth, bounded by the cheek.
nasal septum
Dividing plate between left and right nasal cavities, made up of the vertical component of the vomer, perpendicular plate of ethmoid, and the septal cartilage.
median fibrous septum of tongue
Dividing wall between right and left halves of the tongue that serves as the point of origin for the transverse muscle of the tongue.
median raphe of hard palate
Division point between the left and right halves of the hard palate.
clinical eruption
Eruption of the teeth into the oral cavity.
intraosseous eruption
Eruption of tooth through bone.
auditory tube
Eustachian tube; aerating tube connecting nasopharynx and the middle ear.
squamosal portion of temporal bone
Fan-shaped portion of temporal bone.
ruga, rugae
Folds or creases of tissue.
incisive foramen
Foramen in hard palate that marks the union of the premaxilla and the palatine processes.
infraorbital foramen
Foramen of maxilla through which V trigeminal nerve emerges to serve facial sensation.
foramen magnum
Foramen through which spinal cord passes as it enters the braincase.
cerebellar fossa
Fossa of occipital bone within which cerebellum resides.
cerebral fossa
Fossa of occipital bone within which occipital lobe resides.
mandibular fossa of temporal bone
Fossa of temporal bone with which condyle of mandible articulates.
resonant frequency
Frequency of stimulation to which a resonant system responds most vigorously.
chiasmatic groove of sphenoid bone
Groove in sphenoid bone accommodating the optic chiasm.
gingiva
Gum tissue.
infraverted
In dentition, an inadequately erupted tooth.
articulatory system
In speech science, the system of structures involved in shaping the oral cavity for production of speech sounds.
lateral incisors
Incisors lateral to central incisors.
temporal fossa of temporal bone
Indentation of external temporal bone to which temporalis muscle attaches.
wormian bones of parietal bones
Irregular bones created by bifurcations of the lamdoidal suture.
maxillary sinus
Largest of the sinuses of the maxilla.
palatine tonsils
Lymphoid tissue between the fauces.
class I malocclusion
Malocclusion in which there is normal orientation of the molars, but an abnormal orientation of the incisors.
external occipital protuberance
Midline prominence of the occipital bone.
risorius muscle
Most superficial of cheek muscles.
levator angulioris muscle
Muscle arising from canine fossa of maxilla and coursing to insert into upper and lower lips.
mentalis muscle
Muscle arising from region of incisive fossa of the mandible, coursing down to insert into the skin of the chin bone.
zygomatic major muscle
Muscle arising lateral to zygomatic minor on zygomatic bone that courses obliquely down to insert into the corner of the orbicularis oris.
zygomatic minor muscle
Muscle coursing down from facial surface of zygomatic bone, inserting into upper lip.
levator labii superioris alaeque nasi
Muscle coursing vertically along lateral margin of nose, arising from frontal process of maxilla.
levator labii superioris muscle
Muscle originating from infraorbital margin of maxilla, coursing down and into the upper lip.
orbicularis oris muscle
Muscle underlying lips of oral cavity.
mandibular notch
Notch between condylar and coronoid process of mandible.
nasal notch
Notch formed on either side of anterior nasal spine in anterior nasal cavity.
mandibular foramen
Opening on posterior inner surface of the mandible through which V trigeminal enters mandible to serve teeth and gums.
dentin
Osseous portion of the tooth.
palatine process
Paired processes of the maxilla that form the anterior hard palate.
horizontal plate of palatine bone
Plate of palatine bone that makes up posterior 1/4 of the hard palate.
basilar part of occipital bone
Portion of occipital bone articulating with the corpus sphenoid.
tympanic antrum of temporal bone
Portion of petrous portion of temporal bone that communicates with the mastoid portion.
petrous portion of temporal bone
Portion of temporal bone including cochlea and semicircular canals.
tympanic portion of temporal bone
Portion of temporal bone including the anterior and inferior walls of the external auditory meatus.
pulp of tooth
Portion of tooth in which nerves reside.
orbital margin of zygomatic bone
Portion of zygomatic bone that contributes to eye socket.
nasal choanae
Posterior portals connecting the nasal cavities and nasopharynx.
nasal conchae
Posterior portals connecting the nasal cavities and nasopharynx.
mastoid portion of temporal bone
Posterior portion of temporal bone.
orbital process of palatine bone
Process making up the lower portion of eye socket.
occlusion
Process of bringing upper and lower teeth into contact.
nasal portion of frontal bone
Process of frontal bone that articulates with the nasal bone.
zygomatic process of frontal bone
Process of frontal bone that articulates with the zygomatic bone.
frontal process of maxilla
Process of maxilla abutting the frontal bone.
alveolar process
Process of maxilla in which dental alveoli reside.
orbital portion of frontal bone
Process of the frontal bone that makes up a portion of the eye socket.
frontal process of zygomatic bone
Process of zygomatic bone that articulates with frontal bone.
maxillary process of zygomatic bone
Process of zygomatic bone that articulates with the maxilla.
temporal process of zygomatic bone
Process of zygomatic bone that articulates with the temporal bone.
styloid process of temporal bone
Process protruding beneath the external auditory meatus and medial to the mastoid process.
condylar process of mandible
Process that forms the mandibular component of the temporomandibular joint.
coronoid process of mandible
Process to which the temporalis muscle attaches.
canine eminence
Prominence of maxilla formed by the alveolus of the canine (cuspid).
mylohyoid line
Prominence on inner surface of mandible to which mylohyoid muscle attaches.
condyles of occipital bone
Prominences of occipital upon which first cervical vertebrae rests.
class III malocclusion
Relationship between upper and lower dental arches in which the first mandibular molar is advanced farther than one tooth beyond the first maxillary molar.
class II malocclusion
Relationship between upper and lower dental arches in which the first mandibular molars are retracted at least one tooth from the first maxillary molars.
class I occlusion
Relationship between upper and lower dental arches in which the first molar of the mandibular arch is a 1/2 tooth advanced beyond the maxillary molar. Also known as neutroclusion.
salpingopharyngeal fold
Ridge of tissue coursing down from the orifice of the auditory tube within the nasopharynx and overlying the salpingopharyngeal muscle.
torus tubarius
Ridge of tissue encircling the orifice of the auditory tube.
torsiversion
Rotating a tooth about its long axis.
dental alveoli
Small sacs or holes into which teeth insert within the mandible and maxilla.
philtrum
Space between columella nasi
scaphoid fossa of sphenoid bone
Space between medial and lateral pterygoid plates.
velopharyngeal port
Space connecting oropharynx and nasopharynx.
premaxillary suture
Structure joining premaxilla with palatine processes.
crista galli of ethmoid bone
Superior prominence of ethmoid bone that protrudes into cranial vault and forms the anterior attachment for the falx cerebri component of the dura mater.
distal surface of tooth
Surface directed away from midpoint between central incisors, along dental arch.
alveolar arch
Surface of mandible with dental alveoli.
buccal surface of tooth
Surface of tooth adjacent to cheek region.
lingual surface of tooth
Surface of tooth adjacent to tongue.
periodontal ligament
Suspensory ligament for teeth.
occipitomastoid suture of temporal bone
Suture joining mastoid region with occipital bone.
squamosal suture of parietal bones
Suture uniting parietal and temporal bones.
lamdoidal suture of parietal bones
Suture uniting the parietal and occipital bones.
permanent teeth
Teeth of the adult dental arch.
hard palate
The bony portion of the roof of the mouth, made up of the palatal processes of the maxillae and the horizontal plates of the palatine bones.
persistent closed bite
The condition wherein supraversion of the anterior dental arch prohibits the posterior teeth from occlusion.
persistent open bite
The condition wherein the incisors of upper and lower dental arches show a vertical gap due to malocclusion of the posterior arch that prohibits anterior contact.
deciduous dental arch
The dental arch containing the ten temporary teeth.
orbital plates of ethmoid bone
The ethmoid component of the eye socket.
enamel
The hard outer surface of the tooth.
relative micrognathia
The hypoplasia of the mandible relative to the maxilla.
pharyngeal tonsil
The mass of lymphatic tissue within the nasopharynx; also known as adenoids.
zygomatic process of maxilla
The maxillary process abutting the zygomatic bone.
cribriform plates of ethmoid bone
The perforated plate through which the olfactory sensors pass into the nasal cavity.
articulation
The point of joining of two structures, the process of joining two elements.
molars
The posterior three teeth of the mature dental arch, used for grinding.
oropharynx
The region of the pharynx bounded posteriorly by the faucial pillars, superiorly by the velum, and inferiorly by the epiglottis.
occlusal surface
The surfaces of teeth within opposing dental arches that make contact.
source-filter theory
The theory of vowel production that states that a voicing source is generated by the vocal folds and routed through the vocal tract where it is shaped into the sounds of speech.
vocal tract
The tract consisting of the mouth (oral cavity), the region behind the mouth (pharynx), and the nasal cavity.
overbite
The vertical overlap of maxillary incisors over the mandibular incisors when molars are occluded.
cementum
Thin layer of bone joining tooth and alveolus.
tegmen tympani of temporal bone
Thin plate of bone above tympanic antrum.
distoverted
Tilted away from midline.
labioverted
Tilted toward the lip.
mesioverted
Tilted toward the midline.
linguaverted
Tilted toward the tongue.
superadded tooth
Tooth in adult dental arch not represented in deciduous arch.
clivus of sphenoid bone
Union of occipital bone and sphenoid bone that forms foramen magnum.
maxilla
Upper jaw.
cupid's bow
Upper surface of upper lip.
overjet
Vertical overlap of maxillary incisors over mandibular incisors.
ala
Winglike structure.
nasal crest
Within nasal cavity, the midline ridge of the palatal bone.
