csd 444 dementia quiz

Parkinson's disease

Basal ganglia system depleted in dopamine movements become smaller and cognitive decline in some

Neurofibrillary Tangles

In areas where tangles are forming, Tau collapses into twisted strands called tangles

Alzheimer's Disease

Loss of short-term memory is most prominent early.

Vascular Dementia

Multi Infarct loss of brain tissue in many sites

Amyloid - rich Senile Plaques

Plaques are deposits of a protein fragment called beta-amyloid that build up in the spaces between nerve cells

Amyloid - rich Senile Plaques

Plaques form when protein pieces called beta-amyloid clump together. Beta-amyloid comes from a larger protein found in the fatty membrane surrounding nerve cells.

Alzheimer's Disease

Progressive neurologic disorder that results in memory loss, personality changes, global cognitive dysfunction, and functional impairments.

Neurofibrillary Tangles

Tangles are twisted fibers of a protein called tau. These protein fibers build up INSIDE cells. Tangles destroy a vital cell transport system made of proteins

Alzheimer's Disease

The most common form of dementia in the elderly, accounting for 60 to 80% of cases

Neurofibrillary Tangles

The transport system in a neuron is organized in orderly parallel strands. Food molecules, cell parts and other key materials travel along the "tracks." Tau helps the tracks stay straight

Neurofibrillary Tangles

When tangles form, the transport tracks can no longer stay straight. They fall apart and disintegrate. Nutrients and other essential supplies can no longer move through the cells, and cells eventually die

Granulovacuolar degeneration

a pathologic process in which small, fluid filled cavities containing granular debris appear inside nerve cells. Neurons of the hippocampus most frequently affected.

Pick's Disease

cause unknown, rare lobar atrophy (mainly frontal & temporal) neuronal loss, increase glia. Pick bodies form in nucleus of cortical cells

Creutzfeldt-Jakob's Disease

caused by virus, causes progressive vacuolation (empty spaces, brain looks like sponge, spongiform encephalopathy)

AIDS dementia complex

changes in white matter and subcortical structures

Amyloid - rich Senile Plaques

chemically "sticky" and gradually builds up into plaques

Alzheimer's Disease

chromosomal mutation (genetic), but there is also non-familial Alzheimer's neurofibrillary tangles and plaques brain atrophy

Amyloid - rich Senile Plaques

damaging form may be groups of a few pieces rather than the plaques themselves. The small clumps may may block cell-to-cell signaling at synapses.

Neuronal degeneration

destruction and death of nerve cells and tissue loss that cause memory failure, personality changes, problems carrying out daily activities and other symptoms of Alzheimer's disease. Over time, the brain shrinks in size.

Huntington's Disease

genetic involuntary chorea (uncontrolled movements) and cognitive decline