csd 444 dementia quiz
Parkinson's disease
Basal ganglia system depleted in dopamine movements become smaller and cognitive decline in some
Neurofibrillary Tangles
In areas where tangles are forming, Tau collapses into twisted strands called tangles
Alzheimer's Disease
Loss of short-term memory is most prominent early.
Vascular Dementia
Multi Infarct loss of brain tissue in many sites
Amyloid - rich Senile Plaques
Plaques are deposits of a protein fragment called beta-amyloid that build up in the spaces between nerve cells
Amyloid - rich Senile Plaques
Plaques form when protein pieces called beta-amyloid clump together. Beta-amyloid comes from a larger protein found in the fatty membrane surrounding nerve cells.
Alzheimer's Disease
Progressive neurologic disorder that results in memory loss, personality changes, global cognitive dysfunction, and functional impairments.
Neurofibrillary Tangles
Tangles are twisted fibers of a protein called tau. These protein fibers build up INSIDE cells. Tangles destroy a vital cell transport system made of proteins
Alzheimer's Disease
The most common form of dementia in the elderly, accounting for 60 to 80% of cases
Neurofibrillary Tangles
The transport system in a neuron is organized in orderly parallel strands. Food molecules, cell parts and other key materials travel along the "tracks." Tau helps the tracks stay straight
Neurofibrillary Tangles
When tangles form, the transport tracks can no longer stay straight. They fall apart and disintegrate. Nutrients and other essential supplies can no longer move through the cells, and cells eventually die
Granulovacuolar degeneration
a pathologic process in which small, fluid filled cavities containing granular debris appear inside nerve cells. Neurons of the hippocampus most frequently affected.
Pick's Disease
cause unknown, rare lobar atrophy (mainly frontal & temporal) neuronal loss, increase glia. Pick bodies form in nucleus of cortical cells
Creutzfeldt-Jakob's Disease
caused by virus, causes progressive vacuolation (empty spaces, brain looks like sponge, spongiform encephalopathy)
AIDS dementia complex
changes in white matter and subcortical structures
Amyloid - rich Senile Plaques
chemically "sticky" and gradually builds up into plaques
Alzheimer's Disease
chromosomal mutation (genetic), but there is also non-familial Alzheimer's neurofibrillary tangles and plaques brain atrophy
Amyloid - rich Senile Plaques
damaging form may be groups of a few pieces rather than the plaques themselves. The small clumps may may block cell-to-cell signaling at synapses.
Neuronal degeneration
destruction and death of nerve cells and tissue loss that cause memory failure, personality changes, problems carrying out daily activities and other symptoms of Alzheimer's disease. Over time, the brain shrinks in size.
Huntington's Disease
genetic involuntary chorea (uncontrolled movements) and cognitive decline
