DC speech final

Parallel points:

All go together

Listener relevance:

Give the audience a reason to listen to your speech

Informative speaking:

The information should be communicated clearly. The information should be communicated accurately. The information should be meaningful and interesting to the audience.

Common ground technique:

a communication technique based on mutual knowledge as well as awareness of mutual knowledge.

Communication process

a complex set of three different and interrelated activities intended to result in shared meaning

Straw man:

a fallacy that occurs when a speaker weakens the opposing position by misrepresenting it in some way and then attacks that weaker position

Ad hominem:

a fallacy that occurs when one attacks the person making the argument, rather than the argument itself.

False cause:

a fallacy that occurs when the alleged cause fails to be related to, or to produce, the effect

Hasty generalization:

a fallacy that presents a generalization that is not supported with evidence or is supported with only one weak example

Pathos/emotional appeal:

a persuasive strategy of appealing to emotions

logos/logical appeal

a persuasive strategy of constructing logical arguments supported with evidence and reasoning

Ethos/personal appeal

a persuasive strategy of highlighting competence, credibility, and good character

Ethics:

a set of moral principles that may be held by a society, a group, or an individual

Empathetic listening:

a structured listening and questioning technique that allows you to develop and enhance relationships with a stronger understanding of what is being conveyed, both intellectually and emotionally.

Appreciate listening:

a type of listening behavior where the listener seeks certain information which they will appreciate, and meet his/her needs and goals.

Appeal to action:

an explicit appeal to your audience to take a specific action following your speech

Kinesics:

deals with your posture while walking, sitting, or standing

Proxemics:

distance between communicators; lets people know status and relationship

Persuasive speaking:

persuasion involves ethos (credibility), logos (logic), and pathos (emotion).

Attention getting devices:

quote, story, rhetorical question, statistics, and startling statements

intrapersonal communication

refers to the interactions that occur in our minds when we are talking to ourselves

Proportional points:

spend same amount of time on each point

Extemporaneous:

spoken or done without preparation.

Nonverbal messages:

the act of communicating w/o words -based on vocal expression

Active listener:

the deliberate and conscious process of attending to, understanding, remembering, evaluating, and responding to messages

Passive listener:

the habitual and unconscious process of receiving messages

Para language:

the voiced part of a spoken message that goes beyond the actual words

Metaphor Repetition Contrast Hyperbole Irony Personification Understatement

types of language devices

Discriminative listening:

when the listener interprets and assigns meaning to sound rather than to words.

Interpersonal communication

characterized by informal interactions between 2 people who have an indefinable relationship w/ each other