Dental pathology

Fusion

Arises through union of two normally separated tooth germs, and depending upon the stage of development of the teeth at the time of union, it may be either complete or incomplete. Two independent pulp chambers and root canals can be seen.

pigmented tongue

Asymptomatic and does not usually cause any alteration to the texture or thickness of the affected area. The color can be uniform or speckled and can appear solitary or as multiple lesions.

fissured tongue

Benign condition characterized by deep grooves in the top surface of the tongue; associated with geographical tongue, aging, environmental factors, and genetic conditions like Down's syndrome.

Gemination

Developmental disturbance with single tooth germ trying to divide forming large single-rooted tooth.

Hairy tongue

Elongation of the filiform papillae. A temporary condition in which the tongue appears dark and furry. Can be caused by tobacco, alcohol, certain medications, certain foods, or overuse of oxidized mouthwash.

Cementum

Excess removal of this structure during scaling and root planing exposes the underlying dentin which can result in dentin hypersensitivity.

Lip Licker's Dermatitis

Frequent licking of the lips that causes irritation.

Lichen Planus

Is an ongoing (chronic) inflammatory condition that affects mucous membranes inside your mouth. Mouth may appear as white, lacy patches; red, swollen tissues; or open sores. These lesions may cause burning, pain or other discomfort.

Geographical tongue

Loss of filiform papillae. An inflammatory condition of the mucous membrane of the tongue in which the loss of fungiform papillae produce smooth, red, painful regions that change location over time; May result from other infections or medications like antibiotics

Lichen Planus

Louis Wickham described the white lace-like appearance in this condition.

Class I Occlusion

Normal occlusal orientation of mandible and maxilla.

Class II Occlusion

Overbite; fist molar of lower jaw is posterior to normal position, mandible is retracted

angular cheilitis

Saliva collecting at the corners of the mouth can cause a buildup of microorganisms that cause painful sores in one or both corners of the mouth and dry lips. Caused by overclosure of the mouth. FUNGAL INFECTION.

Dens in Dente

This developmental disturbance usually affects the maxillary lateral incisor and occurs in the cap stage when a tooth invaginates into itself.

Maxillary 1st Molar

This tooth has 2 buccal roots and 1 palatal root and is best known for it's extra cusp called the 'cusp of Carabelli'.

Class III Occlusion

Underbite; first molar of the lower jaw is anterior to normal position, mandible is protruded