developmental psychology

piaget believed that children learn by using blank to adjust the cognitive schemes

Assimilation and accommodation

which of the following appraisals is likely to lead to the least amount of perceived stress?

Challenge

Pedro and his brother are both given a glass a punch at a birthday party. Pedro's punch is in a short and wide glass while his brother is in a tall and thin glass. Pedro believes that he has less Punch than his brother. According to Piaget, Pedro has not yet developed

Conservation

The parts of the brain that underlie rational decision making and impulse control mature

During emerging adult hood

Four-year-old bai go to the store to buy her mother a birthday present and picks out a Barbie doll. According to Piaget,bai is demonstrating

Egocentrism

which of the following individuals is likely to be the most confident and self-assured and have the higher status with peers?

Evelyn who is late and maturing

which of the following was not listed as a way to reduce stress

Focus on event you cannot change

The theorist associated with the six stages of moral reasoning is

Kohlberg

which of the following was not a finding of Harlow study of artificial monkey mothers

Learning ability of The infants of artificial mothers was diminished

blank pioneered the use of a procedure called the strange situation in studying the mother child interactions in the home during the infants first year

Mary Ainsworth

Vygotsky believed that children learn from their

Peers, culture, teachers, all of these answers are correct

Blank attachment is the most common pattern across cultures

Secure

what is the nature nurture controversy?

The debate over whether traits such as intelligence are a product of environmental or genetic influences

A personal fable is defined as

The erroneous thinking typical of adolescence that one is unique or special

your 14-year-old niece would be expected to differ from your nine-year-old nephew and the ability to engage in blank thinking

abstract

Hanes selyes General adaption syndrome includes which three phases

alarm reaction, resistance, exhaustion

problem facing coping is designed to

alter the environment that is causing the stress

what is the most likely result when the top portion of the neural tube does not close properly during fetal development

anencephaly

which of the following would not be typical of an adolescent thinking ?

animism

in children is observed when they believe that everyone sees what they see, things what they think, and feels what they feel.

animistic thinking

Binh appraises a roller coaster ride as a harmful event. It is most likely that he will experience

anxiety

The first step in experiencing stress is

appraisal

those who score high on holmes & rabes social readjustment rating scale

are prone to physical illness

three-year-old Tori has just learned that cars are in the same category as trucks and buses. Tori has blank these items into a schema of wheeled vehicles without making any changes

assimilated

Harry Harlow's research with surrogate mothers And monkeys show

attachment is facilitated more by close,warm contact by feeling

reasoning during Kohlberg's preconventional level of moral reasoning is

based on the internalized standards of others

Research on temperament suggest that

biological factors have a strong influence on temperament

John is prescribed rivastigmine, a cholinesterase inhibitor. this medication

blocks the enzyme that breaks down acetylcholine

stress involves

bodily reactions, perceived challenges, coping mechanisms, all of the above

post traumatic stress disorder is most related to which of the following

catastrophes

for some students, taking a test is perceived as blank, because it represents an opportunity to show mastery of the material and perhaps learn a few more things from the test itself

challenging

Which of the following is true of alcohol

chronic alcohol does use does widespread physical damage to your body

which of the following was not mentioned in the text book as a typical interpretation of a stressful event

conflict

for most people, blank will be their greatest source of stress

daily hassles

which of the following does the social readjustment rating scale considered the most stressful life events

death of a spouse

perceiving a stressful event as challenging will

decrease the amount of perceived stress

blank is an individuals behavioral style and Characteristic way of responding to an environment

demeanor

Joe is treated with a cholinesterase inhibitor. What is most likely his diagnosis?

dementia

Mary is 2 1/2 months old. She has yet to establish routines related to eating, sleeping and illumination functions. She is irritable, has a tendency to cry whenever she is presented with a novel situation and is in general extreme in her emotional reactions. In terms of temperament, Mary would be classified as

difficult

Peter was born with an extra 21st chromosome. His diagnosis would be

down syndrome

A child who is usually in a good mood, readily adapt to changes, and readily approaches new situations, has a temperament that would be called

easy

Shane is a happy and adoptable infant. He sleeps through the night and eats well. According to research on temperament, Shane is most likely a

easy child

Prader -Willie syndrome is a developmental disability that results in

eating to obesity

Whitney found out that the jobs he applied for was offered to someone else. In order to cope, he tells himself that he really didn't want the job anyway. This coping strategy is called

emotion focused coping

which of the following is not a consequence of alcohol abuse

enlarged cerebral cortex

The earliest signs of alzheimer's disease occurs in the

entorhinal cortex

physical exercise has been found to increase the body's production of

estrogen

which of the following is not a physical method of stress management

exercise

which of the following is true of exercise

exercise helps reduce anxiety and depression

A weekend immune system and vulnerability to Disease are most likely to occur in what stage of the General adaption syndrome

exhaustion

Sam is born with a separation of his spine. This is most likely caused by

failure of a portion of the neural tube to close

all of the following are symptoms have posttraumatic stress disorder except

feeling emotionally attached to other people

raphael is a teenager who loves to interpret poetry and analyze literature. It is most likely that raphael is in Piaget's blank stage of cognitive development

formal

Namenda is FDA approved to treat symptoms of moderate to severe alzheimers disease. Its mechanism of action involves blocking ___ at NMDA receptors

glutamate

when an infant becomes accustomed to a stimulus and stops responding to it, he/she has become?

habituated

current research on piagets stages suggests that

he underestimated childrens abilities

which of the following is most likely to occur in the exhaustion stage of the general adaptions syndrome

headaches, backaches, and insomnia

which of the following is considered a major factor in early onset Alzheimer's

hereditary

The use of defense mechanisms is a way to

keep our emotions unconscious

Life events that are voluntary, scheduled, and desirable are

less stressful than life events that are involuntary, unscheduled, and undesirable.

Biff and his twin brother Bernie were parts of a twin study. They were first observed by the researchers when they were five years old and then again later when they were 10 years old. What type of study were they in?

longitudinal

Simon and Joselito have just married. What type of stressor have they experienced?

major life event

Tiffany field found that blank helped premature infants gain weight in NICU

massage

Holmes and Rahe's Social Readjustment Rating Scale (SRRS)

measures the amount of stress a person might be experiencing

spina bifida Associated with the presence of a malformed spinal cord is called

meningomyelocele

Serious depression among adolescents is:

more common in females than males

The milestone infants achieve during the sensorimotor stage is

object permanence

four years researchers thought that the bond that form between a child and a caregiver was due to caregivers physical nourishment. the child research by Harry Harlow indicates

physical nourishment is the glue that bonds child and caregiver

if a child were participating in a study to determine understanding of conservation, the study would most likely involve

pouring liquids from one container to another one

what is the last part of the brain to mature

pre-frontal cortex

Kellie has taken on extra responsibilities at work that cause her more stress than she had hoped. Her decisions to return to her normal workload would be an example of

problem focused coping

when you can actually do something about a situation, you will most likely use what type of coping strategy

problem focused coping

The use of defense mechanisms to deal with stress would be consistent with what theory of psychology

pschodynamic theory

stress is any

psychological event that causes a negative psychological reaction

Physical exercise it has been shown to

reduce the emotional effects of stress, but not the physical effects of stress

Sucking, coughing, blinking and swallowing are all

reflexive behaviors that the Neonate can perform at birth

which of the following is not a health promoting behavior

relying exclusively on one defense mechanism

schaies analysis of data from the Seattle longitudinal study indicates that intelligence

remains constant throughout our lives

Joshua, who is very clingy with his parents, generally refuses to move more than short distances from them, and showing extreme distress when they leave, is most likely reflecting blank attachment

resistant

Joven has come to realize that water can be turned into ice, and then again turn back into water. this realization demonstrate blank which suggest a Joven is in the blank stage

reversibility; concrete operations

which of the following represents the correct order of piagets stages of cognitive development?

sensorimotor, preopertional, comcrete operations, formal operations

cigarette smoking during pregnancy can result in the following

separation of placenta from the uterus

which of the following is true of Alzheimer's disease

signs are noticed first in entorhinal cortex

A researcher began collecting data on a group of 25 children in late 1970s. She is still compiling Data on these individuals, who are now in their early 30s. This researcher is conducting a blank study

survey

when you hear your teacher talk about the bodies in parentheses flight or fight parentheses response, you should know that she's referring to

sympathetic nervous system activity

Taylors research indicated that when women are stressed they often

tend and befriend

Lev Vygotsky believed that one trait common to all children was

their tendency to talk aloud to them selves gradually turns into inner thought

which of the following is not a drawback of longitudinal studies

they are expensive

according to piaget, A landmark of formal operations thought is the adolescents ability to

think hypocritically

Assimilation is to blank as accommodation is to blank

use of existing schema, creation of new schema

which of the following is a disadvantage of the use of defense mechanisms

we may misdiagnosed the problem

in dealing with alzheimers disease , exercise the key, says a friend. which of the following would be your best reply

you're right - exercise may reduce the chances of developing Alzheimer's and it may help treatment if the disease develops