developmental psychology
piaget believed that children learn by using blank to adjust the cognitive schemes
Assimilation and accommodation
which of the following appraisals is likely to lead to the least amount of perceived stress?
Challenge
Pedro and his brother are both given a glass a punch at a birthday party. Pedro's punch is in a short and wide glass while his brother is in a tall and thin glass. Pedro believes that he has less Punch than his brother. According to Piaget, Pedro has not yet developed
Conservation
The parts of the brain that underlie rational decision making and impulse control mature
During emerging adult hood
Four-year-old bai go to the store to buy her mother a birthday present and picks out a Barbie doll. According to Piaget,bai is demonstrating
Egocentrism
which of the following individuals is likely to be the most confident and self-assured and have the higher status with peers?
Evelyn who is late and maturing
which of the following was not listed as a way to reduce stress
Focus on event you cannot change
The theorist associated with the six stages of moral reasoning is
Kohlberg
which of the following was not a finding of Harlow study of artificial monkey mothers
Learning ability of The infants of artificial mothers was diminished
blank pioneered the use of a procedure called the strange situation in studying the mother child interactions in the home during the infants first year
Mary Ainsworth
Vygotsky believed that children learn from their
Peers, culture, teachers, all of these answers are correct
Blank attachment is the most common pattern across cultures
Secure
what is the nature nurture controversy?
The debate over whether traits such as intelligence are a product of environmental or genetic influences
A personal fable is defined as
The erroneous thinking typical of adolescence that one is unique or special
your 14-year-old niece would be expected to differ from your nine-year-old nephew and the ability to engage in blank thinking
abstract
Hanes selyes General adaption syndrome includes which three phases
alarm reaction, resistance, exhaustion
problem facing coping is designed to
alter the environment that is causing the stress
what is the most likely result when the top portion of the neural tube does not close properly during fetal development
anencephaly
which of the following would not be typical of an adolescent thinking ?
animism
in children is observed when they believe that everyone sees what they see, things what they think, and feels what they feel.
animistic thinking
Binh appraises a roller coaster ride as a harmful event. It is most likely that he will experience
anxiety
The first step in experiencing stress is
appraisal
those who score high on holmes & rabes social readjustment rating scale
are prone to physical illness
three-year-old Tori has just learned that cars are in the same category as trucks and buses. Tori has blank these items into a schema of wheeled vehicles without making any changes
assimilated
Harry Harlow's research with surrogate mothers And monkeys show
attachment is facilitated more by close,warm contact by feeling
reasoning during Kohlberg's preconventional level of moral reasoning is
based on the internalized standards of others
Research on temperament suggest that
biological factors have a strong influence on temperament
John is prescribed rivastigmine, a cholinesterase inhibitor. this medication
blocks the enzyme that breaks down acetylcholine
stress involves
bodily reactions, perceived challenges, coping mechanisms, all of the above
post traumatic stress disorder is most related to which of the following
catastrophes
for some students, taking a test is perceived as blank, because it represents an opportunity to show mastery of the material and perhaps learn a few more things from the test itself
challenging
Which of the following is true of alcohol
chronic alcohol does use does widespread physical damage to your body
which of the following was not mentioned in the text book as a typical interpretation of a stressful event
conflict
for most people, blank will be their greatest source of stress
daily hassles
which of the following does the social readjustment rating scale considered the most stressful life events
death of a spouse
perceiving a stressful event as challenging will
decrease the amount of perceived stress
blank is an individuals behavioral style and Characteristic way of responding to an environment
demeanor
Joe is treated with a cholinesterase inhibitor. What is most likely his diagnosis?
dementia
Mary is 2 1/2 months old. She has yet to establish routines related to eating, sleeping and illumination functions. She is irritable, has a tendency to cry whenever she is presented with a novel situation and is in general extreme in her emotional reactions. In terms of temperament, Mary would be classified as
difficult
Peter was born with an extra 21st chromosome. His diagnosis would be
down syndrome
A child who is usually in a good mood, readily adapt to changes, and readily approaches new situations, has a temperament that would be called
easy
Shane is a happy and adoptable infant. He sleeps through the night and eats well. According to research on temperament, Shane is most likely a
easy child
Prader -Willie syndrome is a developmental disability that results in
eating to obesity
Whitney found out that the jobs he applied for was offered to someone else. In order to cope, he tells himself that he really didn't want the job anyway. This coping strategy is called
emotion focused coping
which of the following is not a consequence of alcohol abuse
enlarged cerebral cortex
The earliest signs of alzheimer's disease occurs in the
entorhinal cortex
physical exercise has been found to increase the body's production of
estrogen
which of the following is not a physical method of stress management
exercise
which of the following is true of exercise
exercise helps reduce anxiety and depression
A weekend immune system and vulnerability to Disease are most likely to occur in what stage of the General adaption syndrome
exhaustion
Sam is born with a separation of his spine. This is most likely caused by
failure of a portion of the neural tube to close
all of the following are symptoms have posttraumatic stress disorder except
feeling emotionally attached to other people
raphael is a teenager who loves to interpret poetry and analyze literature. It is most likely that raphael is in Piaget's blank stage of cognitive development
formal
Namenda is FDA approved to treat symptoms of moderate to severe alzheimers disease. Its mechanism of action involves blocking ___ at NMDA receptors
glutamate
when an infant becomes accustomed to a stimulus and stops responding to it, he/she has become?
habituated
current research on piagets stages suggests that
he underestimated childrens abilities
which of the following is most likely to occur in the exhaustion stage of the general adaptions syndrome
headaches, backaches, and insomnia
which of the following is considered a major factor in early onset Alzheimer's
hereditary
The use of defense mechanisms is a way to
keep our emotions unconscious
Life events that are voluntary, scheduled, and desirable are
less stressful than life events that are involuntary, unscheduled, and undesirable.
Biff and his twin brother Bernie were parts of a twin study. They were first observed by the researchers when they were five years old and then again later when they were 10 years old. What type of study were they in?
longitudinal
Simon and Joselito have just married. What type of stressor have they experienced?
major life event
Tiffany field found that blank helped premature infants gain weight in NICU
massage
Holmes and Rahe's Social Readjustment Rating Scale (SRRS)
measures the amount of stress a person might be experiencing
spina bifida Associated with the presence of a malformed spinal cord is called
meningomyelocele
Serious depression among adolescents is:
more common in females than males
The milestone infants achieve during the sensorimotor stage is
object permanence
four years researchers thought that the bond that form between a child and a caregiver was due to caregivers physical nourishment. the child research by Harry Harlow indicates
physical nourishment is the glue that bonds child and caregiver
if a child were participating in a study to determine understanding of conservation, the study would most likely involve
pouring liquids from one container to another one
what is the last part of the brain to mature
pre-frontal cortex
Kellie has taken on extra responsibilities at work that cause her more stress than she had hoped. Her decisions to return to her normal workload would be an example of
problem focused coping
when you can actually do something about a situation, you will most likely use what type of coping strategy
problem focused coping
The use of defense mechanisms to deal with stress would be consistent with what theory of psychology
pschodynamic theory
stress is any
psychological event that causes a negative psychological reaction
Physical exercise it has been shown to
reduce the emotional effects of stress, but not the physical effects of stress
Sucking, coughing, blinking and swallowing are all
reflexive behaviors that the Neonate can perform at birth
which of the following is not a health promoting behavior
relying exclusively on one defense mechanism
schaies analysis of data from the Seattle longitudinal study indicates that intelligence
remains constant throughout our lives
Joshua, who is very clingy with his parents, generally refuses to move more than short distances from them, and showing extreme distress when they leave, is most likely reflecting blank attachment
resistant
Joven has come to realize that water can be turned into ice, and then again turn back into water. this realization demonstrate blank which suggest a Joven is in the blank stage
reversibility; concrete operations
which of the following represents the correct order of piagets stages of cognitive development?
sensorimotor, preopertional, comcrete operations, formal operations
cigarette smoking during pregnancy can result in the following
separation of placenta from the uterus
which of the following is true of Alzheimer's disease
signs are noticed first in entorhinal cortex
A researcher began collecting data on a group of 25 children in late 1970s. She is still compiling Data on these individuals, who are now in their early 30s. This researcher is conducting a blank study
survey
when you hear your teacher talk about the bodies in parentheses flight or fight parentheses response, you should know that she's referring to
sympathetic nervous system activity
Taylors research indicated that when women are stressed they often
tend and befriend
Lev Vygotsky believed that one trait common to all children was
their tendency to talk aloud to them selves gradually turns into inner thought
which of the following is not a drawback of longitudinal studies
they are expensive
according to piaget, A landmark of formal operations thought is the adolescents ability to
think hypocritically
Assimilation is to blank as accommodation is to blank
use of existing schema, creation of new schema
which of the following is a disadvantage of the use of defense mechanisms
we may misdiagnosed the problem
in dealing with alzheimers disease , exercise the key, says a friend. which of the following would be your best reply
you're right - exercise may reduce the chances of developing Alzheimer's and it may help treatment if the disease develops