Developmental Stages Infant to Adolescent

A home care nurse is providing instructions to the mother of a toddler regarding safety measures in the home to prevent an accidental burn injury. Which statement by the mother indicates a need for further instruction?

"I need to be sure to place my cup of coffee on the counter."

The nurse instructs a parent regarding the appropriate actions to take when the toddler has a temper tantrum. Which statement by the parent indicates a successful outcome of the teaching?

"I will ignore the tantrums as long as there is no physical danger."

Which behaviors should indicate to the nurse that an adolescent has not successfully completed the age-appropriate developmental task, according to Erik Erikson's theory?

Rebels and regresses to child-play behaviors

A 9-year-old child is newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus. The nurse is planning for home care with the child and his family and determines that which is an age-appropriate activity for this child for health maintenance?

Self-administering insulin with adult supervision

A 10-month-old infant is hospitalized for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Using knowledge of growth and development according to Erik Erikson and Jean Piaget, what should the nurse do to meet the infant's developmental needs?

Provide a consistent routine, as well as touching, rocking, and cuddling throughout the hospitalization.

The nurse is developing a plan of care for a school-age child who needs teaching related to the use of inhalers and peak flow meters. What is the best expected outcome to be included in the plan of care for this child?

The child expresses feelings of mastery and competence with the breathing devices.

An 11-year-old child scheduled for a diagnostic procedure will have an intravenous line inserted and will receive an intramuscular injection. What form of communication should the nurse use in preparing the child for the procedure?

Using pictures, concrete words, and demonstrations to describe what will happen

Accidents continue to be a real concern for preschool-age children because their judgment is overruled by their curiosity. What should the nurse instruct a preschool-age child about safety for which they can assume responsibility?

Wear a helmet when bike riding

A mother tells the nurse that her child does not want anything to do with toilet training and yells "No!" consistently when she tries to toilet train. The child is 2 years old. According to Erikson, the nurse interprets that the child is experiencing which psychosocial crisis?

autonomy versus shame and doubt

The nurse is taking a blood pressure of a 3-year-old child admitted to the hospital for mild dehydration from vomiting and diarrhea. The nurse obtains a reading of 90/50 mm Hg. When the nurse documents the blood pressure in the child's record, how should the nurse interpret the finding?

normal

When giving an intramuscular injection to a 4-year-old child, which technique is best

obtain assistance

The nurse is caring for a hospitalized school-age child. The nurse determines that which is an appropriate play activity for the child?

Hand-sewing a picture

The clinic nurse is teaching the parents of a 5-year-old child about safety subjects. Which statement by the parents indicates a need for further teaching?

"Bicycle helmets are necessary only when riding in the street."

A preschool child is placed in traction for the treatment of a femur fracture. The child has started bedwetting, even though he has been toilet trained for a year. The mother is very upset about the situation. The nurse explains to the mother that this behavior should be recognized as which psychosocial adaptation?

Regressing to earlier developmental behavior

To maintain a child's developmental skills while hospitalized, the nurse should encourage what types of activities to a 1-year-old child who was born 2 months earlier than the estimated date of delivery?

Sitting independently

The nurse is preparing to administer an intramuscular injection to a 1-year-old child. Which location should the nurse select to administer the medication?

vastus lateralis muscle

A 16-year-old client is hospitalized. Which statement by the client would alert the nurse to a potential developmental problem?

"Please tell my friends not to visit, since I'll see them back at school next week."

An infant with a diagnosis of pyloric stenosis undergoes a pyloromyotomy, and postoperatively, the nurse provides instructions to the mother regarding care of the infant. Which statement by this mother indicates a need for additional teaching?

"Since my baby has been so sick, I will wait to begin the baby vaccines until the baby is 6 months old."

During a well-child visit, a mother states she is frustrated with her 2-year-old son because whenever she asks him whether he wants something to eat he says, "no," but then starts to cry when she does not give him the food. Which statement by the nurse indicates an understanding of psychosocial concepts related to the growth and development of the toddler?

"Your toddler is asserting his independence as he is progressing through the stage of autonomy versus shame and doubt."

During a routine well-child checkup for a 2-year-old child, the nurse plans to teach the mother proper nutrition and weight gain expectations for her child. The nurse reviews the chart and finds that the toddler's birth weight was 7 pounds 15 ounces. What should the nurse expect the child's weight to be at this time?

31 pounds 12 ounces

A 16-year-old adolescent with a 10-year history of type 1 diabetes mellitus comes into the health care provider's office for a sports physical examination. In looking at the record, the nurse identifies that the adolescent had four hyperglycemic reactions in the past year. In assessing the causes of these reactions, which nursing action is most appropriate?

Ask the mother to step outside, and discuss the hyperglycemic reactions with the adolescent.

The nurse is assessing a 36-month-old child during a wellness visit to the pediatrician. The child weighs 43 pounds and is 41 inches tall. After plotting the measurements on the standardized growth charts for a 36-month-old child, what should the nurse do next?

Assess the parents' body shape and stature.

The preschool child is in the preoperational phase of cognitive development and does not yet have a concept of time or quantity. The nurse understands that if 5 oz. of juice was poured into a short glass and the same amount was poured into a tall skinny glass, the child will think there is more juice in the tall glass. The nurse knows that this child has not yet developed an understanding of which concept?

Centration

A 16-year-old child is admitted to the hospital with hyperglycemia as a result of a failure to follow the diet, insulin, and glucose monitoring regimen. The child states, "I'm fed up with having my life ruled by doctors' prescriptions and machines!" Which is the priority client problem?

Feelings of loss of control

A 4-year-old child is reluctant to take deep breaths after abdominal surgery. Which measure is most appropriate to implement to encourage deep breathing?

Have the child pretend he is the big, bad wolf blowing the little pig's house down.

The nurse is performing an assessment on a preschool child. What should the nurse do in order to facilitate the cooperation of the child?

Have the child pretend to be the nurse

The nurse performs an assessment on a 9-month-old infant. Which finding indicates a physiological problem and the need for follow-up?

Head lag is noted when pulled to sitting

A 12-year-old child is seen in the health care clinic. During the assessment, which finding would suggest to the nurse that the child is experiencing a disruption in the development of self-concept?

The child has an intimate relationship with a significant other.

The nursing instructor is conducting a teaching session on Lawrence Kohlberg's theory on moral development and the punishment-obedience orientation stage. The instructor determines which statement by a nursing student indicates the need for further teaching regarding this stage?

"Children develop good morals through physical punishment and withholding of privileges."

A toddler is admitted to the hospital for fever of unknown origin. The mother's time at the hospital is limited to the hours that her other children are in school. The nurse shows an understanding of a toddler's psychosocial development by making which statement to the mother?

"Games like peek-a-boo and hide-and-seek will help your child understand that you will return."

A teenaged client is discharged from the hospital after surgery with instructions to use a cane for the next 6 months. What question best demonstrates the nurse's ability to use therapeutic communication techniques to effectively assess the teenager's feelings about using a cane?

"How do you feel about needing a cane to walk?"

A mother of a 2½-year-old child is discussing dental care with the nurse. Which statement by the mother indicates that there is a need for further teaching?

"It is not necessary to provide proper dental care to a toddler. Their baby teeth just fall out anyway."

A 4-year-old child with cancer is admitted to the hospital for radiation therapy and surgery. To assess adequacy of support for the child's psychosocial needs, which question should the nurse ask the parents?

"Will a family member be able to stay with the child most of the time?"

A toddler with suspected conjunctivitis is crying and refuses to sit still during the eye examination. Which is the most appropriate statement for the nurse to make to the child?

"Would you like to see my flashlight?"

The nurse is preparing to administer an intramuscular injection to a 10-year-old child in the vastus lateralis muscle. Which value indicates the maximum volume of medication that can be safely administered into this muscle?

1.5 mL

The nurse of a well-baby clinic is assessing the language and communication developmental milestones of a 2-month-old infant. The nurse anticipates which milestone to begin to occur in the infant at this developmental age?

Cooing sounds

A mother of a 3-year-old child asks the nurse what personal and social developmental milestones she can expect to see in her child. The nurse should tell the mother to expect which findings? Select all that apply.

Exhibits sexual curiosity May begin to masturbate Notices gender differences

A hospitalized toddler cries when anyone enters the room and kicks, yells, and clings to the parents if they try to leave. Based on this data, what should the nurse determine is the priority problem?

Fear of unfamiliar surroundings

The nurse in the well-baby clinic is providing instructions regarding dental care to the mother of a 15-month-old child. Which statement by the mother indicates a need for further teaching

I can let my child have a bottle in bed until the age of 18 months

The clinic nurse has provided information to the mother of a toddler regarding toilet training. Which statement by the mother would indicate the need for further instruction?

I should have my child sit on the potty until she urinates."

As the nurse prepares to change an abdominal dressing on a 15-year-old client, the client refuses to allow the nurse to proceed and says, "Leave me alone. The dressing is fine." Which response should the nurse make to the client?

Ill close the door and expose only the incision for the dressing. Can I do that now?

The nurse employed in a well-baby clinic is collecting data regarding the language and communication developmental milestones of a 7-month-old infant. Which milestones should the nurse expect to occur in the infant at this developmental age?

Increased interest in sounds

The nurse is caring for a 14-year-old child who is hospitalized and placed in Crutchfield traction. The child is having difficulty adjusting to the length of the hospital confinement. Which nursing action would be appropriate to meet the child's needs?

Let the child wear his or her own clothing when friends visit.

A female adolescent client is having difficulty adjusting to the long confinement in the hospital in Crutchfield traction. Which nursing intervention is appropriate to assist the client?

Let the client wear her own clothes when friends visit

A mother of a toddler who is hospitalized with mild dehydration must leave her child to go to work. Which behavior should the nurse expect to observe in the toddler immediately after the mother's departure?

Loudly crying and kicking both legs

The nurse in a well baby clinic is providing safety instructions to a mother of a 1-month-old infant. Which safety instruction is specifically related to this age?

Never shake the infant or the infant's head.

The nurse in a well-baby clinic is providing safety instructions to the mother of a 1-month-old infant. Which safety instructions are most appropriate at this age? Select all that apply.

Never shake the infant's head. Place the infant on the back to sleep.

The nurse is assigned to care for a hospitalized toddler. Which measure should the nurse plan to implement as the highest priority of care?

Protecting the toddler from injury

A 10-month-old infant is hospitalized for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). The nurse develops a plan of care for the infant. On the basis of the developmental stage of the infant, what should the nurse include in the plan of care?

Provide a consistent routine, and touch, rock, and cuddle the infant throughout the hospitalization.

An infant is diagnosed with cryptorchidism, and the mother asks the nurse for information about this condition. Which information is appropriate to provide to the mother? Select all that apply.

Surgery may be necessary to correct the condition. It occurs when one or both testes fail to descend through the inguinal canal into the scrotal sac.

The nurse employed in a well-baby clinic is collecting data regarding the motor development of an 18-month-old child. What should the nurse expect as the highest level of development in this child?

The child builds a tower of 4 or 5 blocks.

The nurse is preparing to administer an immunization to an 11-year-old child. Which site should the nurse select as the best area to administer the intramuscular injection?

Ventral gluteal muscle

The pediatric nurse is caring for a hospitalized preschooler who is in traction. Which play activity should the nurse implement with this child?

coloring book and crayons

The nurse is monitoring an adolescent client for signs of depression. To recognize depression in this client, what should the nurse understand about normal adolescents?

like to stay up late

The well-baby clinic nurse is assessing the motor developmental of a 30-month-old child. Which is the highest level of development that the nurse should expect to note in the child?

puts on simple clothes independently

What factors should the nurse consider for teaching a child about his or her disease and related health care measures? Select all that apply.

A child's imagination may create greater fear than the truth. A child may regress developmentally in a situation of illness. A child may better manage uncomfortable information through role-playing.

The nurse employed in a well-baby clinic is providing nutrition instructions to a mother of a 9-month-old infant. Which instruction is appropriate?

Begin to initiate self-feeding.

The clinic nurse is performing an assessment on a 12-month-old infant. The nurse determines that the infant is demonstrating the highest level of developmental achievement if the 12-month-old infant is able to do which task?

Begin to use simple words.

The nurse is caring for a hospitalized child who is immobilized as a result of traction needed to treat a fracture. The nurse develops a plan of care and formulates appropriate growth and development outcomes related to the child's immobilization and hospitalization. Which outcome denotes a positive growth and development outcome for this child?

The child displays age-appropriate developmental behaviors.

The nurse reviews the nursing care plan of a hospitalized child who is immobilized as a result of skeletal traction. The nurse notes concerns related to the child's development because of immobilization and hospitalization. Which evaluative statement indicates a positive outcome for the child?

The child displays age-appropriate developmental behaviors.

A home care nurse is assigned to visit a preschooler who has a diagnosis of scarlet fever and is on bedrest. What data obtained by the nurse would indicate that the child is coping with the illness and bedrest?

The child is coloring and drawing pictures in a notebook

The nurse is caring for a hospitalized adolescent who is on respiratory isolation precautions. The nurse is preparing a plan of care and provides the adolescent with which appropriate age-related activity?

a computer IPAD

A 4-year-old child who was recently hospitalized is brought to the clinic by his mother for a follow-up visit. The mother tells the nurse that the child has begun to wet the bed ever since he was brought home from the hospital. The mother is concerned and asks the nurse what to do. Which is the appropriate nursing response?

normal occurance

The nurse in a well-baby clinic is providing nutritional instructions to a mother of a 4-month-old infant who had doubled his birth weight. Which instruction is appropriate for an infant at this age?

offer rice cereal mixed with breast milk or formula

When administering a liquid medication to an uncooperative toddler, the nurse should implement which strategy?

Allow the parents to remain in the room

A 10-year-old child has been diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus. What instruction should the nurse provide concerning the need to monitor the child's insulin needs?

The child should be taught to self-monitor insulin needs.

A 7-year-old child is hospitalized with a fracture of the femur and placed in traction. Which appropriate play activity should the nurse select to help meet the growth and development needs of the child?

a board game

The nurse is obtaining a health history from an adolescent. Which statement by the adolescent indicates a need for follow-up assessment and intervention?

"I don't eat anything with any fat in it, and I've lost 8 pounds in 2 weeks."

The community health nurse is providing instructions to a group of mothers regarding the safe use of car seats for toddlers. The nurse determines that the mother of a toddler understands the instructions if the mother makes which statement?

"The car seat is suitable for the toddler until the toddler reaches the weight of 40 pounds."

A 9-year-old child is hospitalized for 2 months after a car accident. Which intervention should the nurse plan to use to best promote psychosocial development?

Tutoring to keep the child up with schoolwork

The nurse in the well-baby clinic has provided instructions regarding dental care to the mother of a 10-month-old child. Which statement by the mother indicates the need for further instructions?

"I can coat a pacifier with honey during the day as long as I do not give my child a bottle during a nap."