DFF: Interactions, Trophic Levels Quiz (Chapter 57)

1. Which of the following is a primary producer? A. Oak tree B. Earthworm C. Spider D. Human E. Fungus

A. Oak tree

6. On any given day, in which of the following types of communities would one expect to see more biomass in primary consumers than in primary producers? A. Open ocean B. Deciduous forest C. Coniferous forest D. Shallow pond E. Grassland

A. Open ocean

7. For most communities, species richness will _______ if fertilizer is added when productivity is low, and it will _______ if fertilizer is added when productivity is high. A. increase; increase B. increase; decrease C. remain the same; increase D. decrease; increase E. decrease; decrease

B. increase; decrease

9. Researchers in Kenya used exclosures to investigate the influence of large grazing mammals on the savannah community. In comparing the exclosed communities to the open control sites, they found that trees, insects, and insectivorous lizards were all more abundant within the exclosures. Use these results to predict how the reintroduction of wolves into Yellowstone National Park should affect the abundances of beetle herbivores of aspens. A. There should be no correlation between wolf and beetle populations. B. Beetle populations should first increase, then decrease. C. Beetle populations should increase. D. Beetle populations should decrease. E. Beetle populations should be held steady.

C. Beetle populations should increase.

5. In a certain community, coyotes eat snakes, which eat frogs, which eat insects, which eat plants. Which organism in this food chain is a secondary consumer? A. Coyote B. Snake C. Frog D. Insect E. Plant

C. Frog

10. Both beavers and ochre sea stars exert profound effects on their communities. Beavers create ecosystems by damming up streams to build ponds. Sea stars increase community richness by preying on mussels, thus making room for competitors of mussels to live in the rocky intertidal zone. Based on these effects, which of the following statements is true? A. The beaver and the sea star are keystone species and ecosystem engineers. B. The beaver and the sea star are keystone species but are not ecosystem engineers. C. The beaver and the sea star are ecosystem engineers but not keystone species. D. The beaver is a keystone species and an ecosystem engineer; the sea star is a keystone species but not an ecosystem engineer. E. The beaver is a keystone species but not an ecosystem engineer; the sea star is a keystone species and an ecosystem engineer.

D. The beaver is a keystone species and an ecosystem engineer; the sea star is a keystone species but not an ecosystem engineer.

8. The reintroduction of wolves into Yellowstone Park in 1995 had a(n) _______ effect on aspen and _______ effect on elk. A. direct; a direct B. direct; an indirect C. direct; no D. indirect; a direct E. indirect; an indirect

D. indirect; a direct

3. In a community, _______ give off heat. A. only the autotrophs B. only the heterotrophs C. only the animals D. only the birds and mammals E. all the organisms

E. all the organisms

2. In a food web with energy flowing up, a(n) _______ is one trophic level above a primary consumer. A. primary producer B. decomposer C. herbivore D. autotroph E. secondary consumer

E. secondary consumer

4. The number of trophic levels in most communities is limited by A. the presence of decomposers. B. loss of prey due to predation. C. competitive exclusion. D. changes in which species are present due to succession. E. the loss of energy between trophic levels.

E. the loss of energy between trophic levels.