Dietary Supplement BIOL 1322

Approximately what percentage of Americans takes dietary supplements? 25% 33% 66% 75%

75

Why might a vegan require dietary supplementation? Vegans do not absorb nutrients as well as nonvegans do. Vegans consume few vegetables, fruits, and whole grains. Vegans do not consume animal products such as dairy and meat. Vegans have a limited food intake.

Vegans do not consume animal products such as dairy and meat.

All of the following are examples of dietary supplements EXCEPT: whole foods. botanicals. vitamins. enzymes.

Whole foods

Which term can be used in a health claim to describe the link between a health condition and a nutrient? build maintain support prevent

prevent

Which option correctly matches an individual's circumstances with the recommended supplement? individuals with dark skin; calcium vegans; vitamin B12 women who may become pregnant; iron breastfed infants; folic acid

vegans; vitamin B12

Which of the following is one of the dietary supplements MOST commonly consumed by Americans? folic acid vitamin C vitamin D vitamin A

vitamin D

Who might greatly benefit from a multivitamin supplement? breastfed infants individuals who frequently donate blood individuals with limited food choices adults older than 50 years

individuals with limited food choices

Which adverse effect has been associated with high doses of the botanical supplement Senna? liver failure hypertension low blood glucose nausea and vomiting

liver failure

Functional foods are also called: botanicals. herbals. dietary supplements. nutraceuticals.

nutraceuticals.

Which statement about the safety of dietary supplements is false? High-potency supplements pose the highest risk of adverse effects. It is not uncommon for supplements to be contaminated with banned substances. Supplements can legally contain amounts of nutrients that exceed their UL. Adverse effects resulting from the use of supplements are seldom serious.

Adverse effects resulting from the use of supplements are seldom serious

_____ supplements are dried preparations of flowers, leaves, roots, bark, or seeds. Herbal Energy Mineral Amino acid

Herbal

Which statement regarding claims of supplement quality made on product labels is true? Products with USP or NSF certification seals have been tested for quality and purity. The words "pure" and "quality-assured" on the label are reliable indicators of quality. Natural substances are typically safer than synthetic substances. Manufacturers do not need to report serious adverse effects to the FDA.

Products with USP or NSF certification seals have been tested for quality and purity.

What is one new regulation proposed under the Food Safety Modernization Act? FDA approval for health claims is not necessary under the new regulation. Safety must be proved through a history of documentation detailing dosage, frequency, and duration of use. The manufacturer needs to provide some evidence demonstrating that the supplement is reasonably expected to be safe. Supplement manufacturers do not need to give notice to the FDA before marketing their products.

Safety must be proved through a history of documentation detailing dosage, frequency, and duration of use.

The most common dietary supplement(s) used by Americans: is calcium. are multivitamin and multimineral supplements. are omega-3 fatty acids. is vitamin D.

are multivitamin and multimineral supplements.

When choosing a multivitamin supplement, individuals should: choose multivitamins that exceed daily recommended values, since more is better. choose supplements carefully to avoid interactions with prescription or over-the-counter drugs. select products that have a short shelf life to ensure quality. select one multivitamin for the entire family, including adults and children.

choose supplements carefully to avoid interactions with prescription or over-the-counter drugs.

The term "natural": implies that a supplement is of superior quality and purity. can only be used to describe herbal supplements. is regulated by the FDA. does not mean a product is safe or effective.

does not mean a product is safe or effective.

Scientific evidence supports the use of the use of a multivitamin or multimineral supplement in all of the following situations EXCEPT: individuals who are on restricted diets. healthy adults. women who are pregnant with twins. individuals who are alcohol-dependent drinkers.

health adults

Supplement manufacturers must report which of the following to the FDA? efficacy of the supplement quality assurance and consistency of the supplement being marketed illness, injury, or adverse reactions after consumers take the supplement purity of the supplement

illness, injury, or adverse reactions after consumers take the supplement