Digestive Anatomy Review

list two main divisions of the digestive system

alimentary canal accessory organs

the single digestive function of the liver is to produce ______

bile

absorption of nutrients occurs through the mucosal epithelium and into either _________ or _______ vessels

blood capillaries or lymph

the microvilli of the small intestinees epithelial cells form the _____ border

brush

List four regions of the stomach

cardia, fundus, body, pylorus

The mucosa includes a type of columnar _____ that forms the inner lining of the lumen.

cells

list, in order from the pylorus to the colon, the three regions of the small intestine

duodenum, jejunum. ileum

_______ cells of the mucosa secrete hormones into the blood

enterendocrine

the muscularis mucosa has both ________ and _______ fibers that function in moving the villi to aid in digestion and absorption.

inner circular fibers and outer longitudinal fibers

blood and lymph vessels of the mucousa are found in its ____ ____ connective tissue layer.

lamina propria

list the three sheets of muscle in the stomachs muscularis externa

longitudinal, circular, oblique

the four main layers of the digestive tract wall are

mucosa submucosa muscularis externa serosa

the function of epithelial goblet cells is to secrete

mucous

the smooth muscle layer of the mucosa is called the ______ ______

muscularis mucosae

The network of neurons in between the two muscle layers of the muscularis externa is the _______ ________

myenteric plexus

the main digestive enzyme producing organ in the body is the

pancreas

the two types of movements produced by contractions of the muscularis externa are _______ and ________

peristalisis and segmentation

from largest to smallest, list the three modifications of the small intestines inner wall that function to increase surface area

plicae, villi, microvilli

three pairs of ______ ______ function to moisten food in the mouth

salivary glands

the anus is liined with ___ _____ epithelium.

stratified squamous

the mouth, with its ____ ______ epithelium, is involved in both chemical and _______ digestion.

stratified squamous, mechanicla

the built in (intrinsic) network of nerve cells in the submucosa is the __________ _______

submucosal plexus

list the 6 sphincters of the digestive tract

upper esophageal, lower esophageal, pyloric, ileocecal, anal

the large intestine absorbs ____, _____, and ____

water, electrolytes, vitamins